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Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors globally, posing a severe threat to human life and health. Chemotherapy, a cornerstone in the treatment of breast cancer, often overlooks the sequence of drug administration within single-day regimens. This study aims to explore the impact of drug administration order on the efficacy and toxicity of combination chemotherapy protocols for breast cancer. Methods: Through a comprehensive review and analysis based on current evidence from evidence-based medicine, we delved into how the order of drug administration affects both efficacy and toxicity. We systematically classified and analyzed commonly used combination drug regimens, providing graded recommendations and a reasoned analysis to offer valuable references for clinical decision-making. Results: Our findings indicate that the sequence of drug administration in complex combination chemotherapy protocols is not arbitrary but necessitates multifaceted considerations. Rational drug sequencing can maximize synergistic effects between drugs, thereby augmenting therapeutic efficacy while effectively mitigating drugrelated adverse effects. Additionally, some drug labels and clinical trials have explicitly highlighted the therapeutic benefits of specific drug sequences. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of considering the sequence of drug administration in clinical practice. It is recommended to prioritize the sequential drug administration according to official drug product labeling, while also considering factors such as the administration sequence from large randomized controlled trials, cell proliferation kinetics specific to cancer types, drug interactions, chronopharmacology, drug irritability, clinical experiences, and patient preferences. By taking these factors into account, the goal is to maximize treatment efficacy and minimize the occurrence of adverse reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Plants are inherently connected with the microbiome, which plays a crucial role in regulating various host plant biological processes, including immunity, nutrient acquisition, and resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses. Many factors affect the interaction between plants and microbiome. Methods and Results: In this study, microbiome samples were collected from five niches (bulk soil, rhizoplane, root endosphere, phylloplane, and leaf endosphere) across four developmental stages (seedling, flowering, podding, and maturity) of various soybean varieties. Composition and structure of bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene and ITS (Internally Transcribed Spacer) region amplicon sequencing. It was observed that both niches and developmental stages significantly impact on the assembly and composition of soybean microbiome. However, variety, presence of a transgene, and glyphosate application had minimal effects on microbial communities. The dominant microbiome varied across the five niches, with most containing beneficial microbial communities capable of promoting plant growth or increasing disease resistance. Types and abundance of the dominant microbes affected network stability, potentially resulting in functional changes in different ecological niches. Conclusion: This study provides theoretical evidence for microbial protection of plants against diseases and demonstrates that systematic analysis of the composition and diversity of soybean microbiomes can contribute to the development of biological control technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Plants are inherently connected with the microbiome, which plays a crucial role in regulating various host plant biological processes, including immunity, nutrient acquisition, and resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses. Many factors affect the interaction between plants and microbiome. Methods and results: In this study, microbiome samples were collected from five niches (bulk soil, rhizoplane, root endosphere, phylloplane, and leaf endosphere) across four developmental stages (seedling, flowering, podding, and maturity) of various soybean varieties. Composition and structure of bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene and ITS (Internally Transcribed Spacer) region amplicon sequencing. It was observed that both niches and developmental stages significantly impact on the assembly and composition of soybean microbiome. However, variety, presence of a transgene, and glyphosate application had minimal effects on microbial communities. The dominant microbiome varied across the five niches, with most containing beneficial microbial communities capable of promoting plant growth or increasing disease resistance. Types and abundance of the dominant microbes affected network stability, potentially resulting in functional changes in different ecological niches. Conclusion: This study provides theoretical evidence for microbial protection of plants against diseases and demonstrates that systematic analysis of the composition and diversity of soybean microbiomes can contribute to the development of biological control technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive imaging technique for directly measuring the external magnetic field generated from synchronously activated pyramidal neurons in the brain. The optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) is known for its less expensive, non-cryogenic, movable and user-friendly custom-design provides the potential for a change in functional neuroimaging based on MEG. Methods: An array of OPMs covering the opposite sides of a subject's head is placed inside a magnetically shielded room (MSR) and responses evoked from the auditory cortices are measured. Results: High signal-to-noise ratio auditory evoked response fields (AEFs) were detected by a wearable OPM-MEG system in a MSR, for which a flexible helmet was specially designed to minimize the sensor-to-head distance, along with a set of bi-planar coils developed for background field and gradient nulling. Neuronal current sources activated in AEF experiments were localized and the auditory cortices showed the highest activities. Performance of the hybrid optically pumped magnetometer-magnetoencephalography/electroencephalography (OPM-MEG/EEG) system was also assessed. Conclusions: The multi-channel OPM-MEG system performs well in a custom built MSR equipped with bi-planar coils and detects human AEFs with a flexible helmet. Moreover, the similarities and differences of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and AEFs are discussed, while the operation of OPM-MEG sensors in conjunction with EEG electrodes provides an encouraging combination for the exploration of hybrid OPM-MEG/EEG systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the growing concern over the physical health of student athletes in the digital age, this study proposes an athlete-focused student physique test and evaluation system utilizing body test big data. The system is designed to optimize both hardware configuration and software functionality to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of physical fitness assessments. The system's software is divided into server-side and client-side components. The server-side, built on a J2EE framework, utilizes Apache and Tomcat 6.0 servers for deployment, with data management supported by a MySQL database system. The client-side features modules for physique testing and evaluation, allowing for the integration of athletes' basic physical attributes to provide tailored assessments. The system leverages API programming to interact with the server-side database, facilitating real-time access to body test big data for comprehensive fitness evaluations. Additionally, the inclusion of a specialized physique test module enhances the system's ability to monitor and assess the physical fitness of student athletes, providing actionable insights to improve their health and performance. Experimental results demonstrate that the athlete-focused student physique test and evaluation system based on body test big data is highly practical and effective in real-world applications. The system not only meets the research requirements but also offers significant potential for improving the monitoring and enhancement of athletic performance and physical health in educational settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the value of 18F-fluordeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) semi-quantitative parameters of primary tumor combined with squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) in predicting lymph nodemetastasis (LNM) of cervical cancer (FIGO2018 stage I-II). Materials and Methods: A total of 65 patients with stage I-II cervical cancer underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT were included in our study. Comparing the primary tumor 18F-FDG PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters and SCC-Ag between the LNM group and the non-LNM group. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) were used to analyze the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and SCC-Ag in predicting LNM. Results: There were 14 and 51 patients were classified as having LNM and NLNM. The semi-quantitative parameters, including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), the peak standardized uptake value (SUVpeak), the total lesion glycolysis (TLG), the metabolic tumor volume (MTV) of the tumor and SCC-Ag were all significantly higher in LNM than in NLNM (SUVmax, 16.07 ± 7.81 vs 11.19 ± 4.73, SUVmean, 9.16 ± 3.48 vs 6.29 ± 2.52, SUVpeak, 12.70 ± 5.26 vs 7.65 ± 3.26, MTV, 22.77 ± 12.36 vs 7.09 ± 5.21, TLG, 211.01 ± 154.25 vs 43.38 ± 36.17, SCC-Ag, 5.39 ± 4.56 vs 2.13 ± 2.50, all p<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that TLG was an independent predictor of LNM in stage I-II cervical cancer (OR 1.032, 95% CI 1.013-1.052, p<0.01). Moreover, the predictive value of TLG combined with SUVpeak and SCC-Ag increased and the area under the curve increased compared SUVpeak and SCC-Ag. Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT semi-quantitative parameters and SCC-Ag have promise for assessing LNM in stage I-II cervical cancer. TLG of primary tumor provides independent and increasing values in predicting LNM in stage I-II cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Morchella esculenta is a popular edible fungus with high economic and nutritional value. However, the rot disease caused by Lecanicillium aphanocladii, pose a serious threat to the quality and yield of M. esculenta. Biological control is one of the effective ways to control fungal diseases. Methods and results: In this study, an effective endophytic B. subtilis A9 for the control of M. esculenta rot disease was screened, and its biocontrol mechanism was studied by transcriptome analysis. In total, 122 strains of endophytic bacteria from M. esculenta, of which the antagonistic effect of Bacillus subtilis A9 on L. aphanocladii G1 reached 72.2% in vitro tests. Biological characteristics and genomic features of B. subtilis A9 were analyzed, and key antibiotic gene clusters were detected. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation showed that B. subtilis A9 affected the mycelium and spores of L. aphanocladii G1. In field experiments, the biological control effect of B. subtilis A9 reached to 62.5%. Furthermore, the transcritome profiling provides evidence of B. subtilis A9 bicontrol at the molecular level. A total of 1,246 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between the treatment and control group. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that a large number of DEGs were related to antioxidant activity related. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways were Nitrogen metabolism, Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) signal pathway. Among them, some important genes such as carbonic anhydrase CA (H6S33_007248), catalase CAT (H6S33_001409), tRNA dihydrouridine synthase DusB (H6S33_001297) and NAD(P)-binding protein NAD(P) BP (H6S33_000823) were found. Furthermore, B. subtilis A9 considerably enhanced the M. esculenta activity of Polyphenol oxidase (POD), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Phenylal anineammonia lyase (PAL) and Catalase (CAT). Conclusion: This study presents the innovative utilization of B. subtilis A9, for effectively controlling M. esculenta rot disease. This will lay a foundation for biological control in Morchella, which may lead to the improvement of new biocontrol agents for production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boson sampling has been theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated to show quantum computational advantages. However, it still lacks the deep understanding of the practical applications of boson sampling. Here we propose that boson sampling can be used to efficiently simulate the work distribution of multiple identical bosons. We link the work distribution to boson sampling and numerically calculate the transition amplitude matrix between the single-boson eigenstates in a one-dimensional quantum piston system, and then map the matrix to a linear optical network of boson sampling. The work distribution can be efficiently simulated by the output probabilities of boson sampling using the method of the grouped probability estimation. The scheme requires at most a polynomial number of the samples and the optical elements. Our work opens up a new path towards the calculation of complex quantum work distribution using only photons and linear optics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a case report of a subdiaphragmatic abscess caused by the pathogen Cutibacterium modestum. The patient, a 66-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, presented with fever, cough, and abdominal pain. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of the abscess, and metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) identified Cutibacterium modestum as the pathogenic organism. The patient's antibiotic treatment was adjusted accordingly, and after four weeks of treatment, the abscess was completely absorbed. The case highlights the importance of using multiple approaches, including mNGS, in diagnosing and treating uncommon pathogens in subdiaphragmatic abscesses. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To explore the clinical effect of bladder cancer patients with Fear of Cancer Recurrence (FCR) after applying the gratitude extension construction theory nursing program. Methods: 168 patients with bladder cancer hospitalized in the Department of Urology from December 2021 to June 2023 in a hospital are study subjects. The experimental subjects are uniformly designed as an experimental group and a control group, with 52 participants in each group. The former receives routine nursing care, while the later receives nursing interventions based on gratitude extension construction theory. The baseline data, Quality of life Questionnairecore 30, Quality of Life Questionnaire-non Invasive Bladder Cancer 24, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, gratitude level questionnaire, Self-Rating Depression Scale, Self-rating Anxiety Scale, patient compliance behavior score, Overall Survival, and Progression-free Survival are evaluated. Results: The basic data revealed no statistical significance. The quality of life questionnaire-core 30 and quality of life questionnaire-noninvasive bladder cancer 24 was no significant difference before treatment and after treatment for 1 month. After 9 months, There was a significant difference in pre-treatment scores. The experimental group had no significant difference before and after treatment. For the overall survival rates, the two groups were 67.25% and 79.56%. The progression-free survival rates were 56.35% and 72.35%, respectively, with statistical difference. The compliance rates were 86.54% and 98.08%. The compliance rate of the experimental group exceeded the control group. After 3, 6, and 12 months, the gratitude level questionnaire score and the fear of progression questionnaire-short form in the experimental group were improved. After 3, 6, and 12 months, the control group had no statistically significant difference in the gratitude level questionnaire and the fear of progression questionnaire-short form scores. Compared with the control group, the scores on the gratitude level questionnaire and the fear of progression questionnaireshort form were significantly higher after 3, 6, and 12 months of intervention. Conclusion: After applying the gratitude extension construction theory nursing program, the FCR of bladder cancer patients is significantly reduced. The quality of life and compliance rate are significantly improved, and anxiety and depression are relieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aramid nanofiber (ANF)/graphene (GN) composite aerogels were fabricated by the ice template and freezedrying method. Because of the excellent electrical conductivity of GN and its good dispersibility in ANF dispersions, the ANF/GN composite aerogels possessed excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance as well as good compression performance and heat resistance. Moreover, the composite aerogels with ultralow density (0.04 g cm-3) exhibited a high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) of 31.55 dB, and its specific EMI SE value reached 3878.78 dB cm² g-1. The high porosity of the composite aerogel increases its impedance matching with air, and the main EMI shielding mechanism of the composite aerogels is microwave absorption. Besides, the composite aerogels had excellent thermal stability, and their 10 wt% weight loss temperature was higher than 500 °C in nitrogen. This work provides an easy approach to prepare lightweight ANF/GN composite aerogels with excellent EMI shielding performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Vitiligo, a common autoimmune acquired pigmentary skin disorder, poses challenges due to its unclear pathogenesis. Evidence suggests inflammation and metabolism's pivotal roles in its onset and progression. This study aims to elucidate the causal relationships between vitiligo and inflammatory proteins, immune cells, and metabolites, exploring bidirectional associations and potential drug targets. Methods: Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis encompassed 4,907 plasma proteins, 91 inflammatory proteins, 731 immune cell features, and 1400 metabolites. Bioinformatics analysis included Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network construction, Gene Ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Subnetwork discovery and hub protein identification utilized the Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE) plugin. Colocalization analysis and drug target exploration, including molecular docking validation, were performed. Results: MR analysis identified 49 proteins, 39 immune cell features, and 59 metabolites causally related to vitiligo. Bioinformatics analysis revealed significant involvement in PPI, GO enrichment, and KEGG pathways. Subnetwork analysis identified six central proteins, with Interferon Regulatory Factor 3 (IRF3) exhibiting strong colocalization evidence. Molecular docking validated Piceatannol's binding to IRF3, indicating a stable interaction. Conclusion: This study comprehensively elucidates inflammation, immune response, and metabolism's intricate involvement in vitiligo pathogenesis. Identified proteins and pathways offer potential therapeutic targets, with IRF3 emerging as a promising candidate. These findings deepen our understanding of vitiligo's etiology, informing future research and drug development endeavors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study explores the structural relationships between sustainable development and competitive advantage in tourism enterprises, along with the mediating role of dynamic capability, especially following the impact of COVID-19. Design/Method/Approach: An online questionnaire survey was conducted to collect 430 valid primary data sets from middle and senior managers in Henan tourism enterprises. Covariance-based structural equation modeling was utilized to test the direct effect, while the bootstrap method was used for testing mediating effects. Findings: The results reveal that sustainable development has a significant impact on the competitive advantage of tourism enterprises from three sustainability dimensions: economic, environmental and social. Meanwhile, dynamic capabilities represented by adaptive, absorptive and innovative capacities play a mediating role between them. Conclusions/Recommendation: The reshaping of the tourism industry by COVID-19 requires practitioners to take dynamic capability seriously in an uncertain environment. The higher demand for sustainability from tourists after the pandemic also suggests that improvements are a viable way for tourism enterprises to restore and cultivate competitive advantage. Originality/ Value: This study focuses on public health emergencies which are scarce in tourism crisis research (Duan et al., 2021). In addition, it is designed to help managers identify elements that can be used as internal drivers (Wang, 2021) showing how firms can incorporate sustainable development into strategic management, as this is still lacking (Zhang et al., 2020) in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Studies on the effects of aerobic exercise on working memory (WM) have mainly concentrated on the overall effects, yet there is little knowledge on how moderate intensity aerobic exercise impacts the sub-processes of verbalWM(VWM) in adolescents. To address this gap, two experiments were conducted to explore the influence of aerobic exercise on the maintenance and updating sub-processes of VWM. Methods: In Experiment 1, a mixed experimental design of 2 (exercise habit: high vs. low) x 3 (memory load: 0-back vs. 1-back vs. 2-back) was used to compareVWMand its sub-processes in 40 adolescents. In Experiment 2, a 2 (group: intervention vs. control) x 3 (time point: pretest vs. 1st post-test vs. 18th post-test) x 3 (memory load: 0-back vs. 1-back vs. 2-back) mixed experimental design was used to investigate the acute and long-term effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on VWM and its sub-processes in 24 adolescents with low exercise habits. Results: The results of Experiment 1 showed that VWM performance and its sub-processes in the high exercise habit group were better than those in the low exercise habit group. The results of Experiment 2 showed that the effects of the long-term exercise intervention were superior to those of the acute exercise intervention, and both were superior to the pretest. Meanwhile, it was found that aerobic exercise intervention had a greater effect size on the updating sub-process of VWM. Conclusion: In conclusion, the results indicated that moderate intensity aerobic exercise could enhance the performance of VWM and its sub-processes in adolescents, and long-term intervention showed greater improvement effects compared to acute intervention, especially in the updating sub-process of VWM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The serrated pathway to colorectal cancers (CRCs) is a significant pathway encompassing five distinct types of lesions, namely hyperplastic polyps (HPs), sessile serrated lesions (SSLs), sessile serrated lesions with dysplasia (SSL-Ds), traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs), and serrated adenoma unclassified. In contrast to the conventional adenoma-carcinoma pathway, the serrated pathway primarily involves two mechanisms: BRAF/KRAS mutations and CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). HPs are the most prevalent non-malignant lesions, while SSLs play a crucial role as precursors to CRCs, On the other hand, traditional serrated adenomas (TSAs) are the least frequently encountered subtype, also serving as precursors to CRCs. It is crucial to differentiate these lesions based on their unique morphological characteristics observed in histology and colonoscopy, as the identification and management of these serrated lesions significantly impact colorectal cancer screening programs. The management of these lesions necessitates the crucial steps of removing premalignant lesions and implementing regular surveillance. This article provides a comprehensive summary of the epidemiology, histologic features, molecular features, and detection methods for various serrated polyps, along with recommendations for their management and surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among persons born in China before 1980 and tested for vaccinia virus Tiantan strain (VVT), 28.7% (137/478) had neutralizing antibodies, 71.4% (25/35) had memory B-cell responses, and 65.7% (23/35) had memory T-cell responses to VVT. Because of cross-immunity between the viruses, these findings can help guide mpox vaccination strategies in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety is the primary guarantee for achieving coal mine production. The degree of water in the overlying rock of the coal seam has a significant impact on the mechanical strength of the rock, which can lead to subsidence, roof collapse, and rock burst in the mining area. Therefore, it is important to study the law of waterrich damage and deterioration of coal seam overlying rock, as well as the characteristics of bursting liability to prevent and control mining disasters. This paper aims to investigate the change in compressive strength, elastic modulus, and bursting liability of coal measure strata under different water content and their relationship with lithology, particle size, pore characteristics, and mineral characteristics. We carried out uniaxial compression tests on drilled and prepared samples of coal measure strata in the east of Ordos City. We also monitored the acoustic emission characteristics of the rock failure process under different water content. The results demonstrate that, in the dry state, the compressive strength of siltstone >fine sandstone >medium sandstone >coarse sandstone. As the water content increases, the rock transitions from brittle to plastic, and the compressive strength, elastic modulus, and bursting liability gradually decrease. The stress-strain curve changes from a single peak to bimodal and multimodal, and the active degree of acoustic emission events decreases, especially the low-value ringing count. Calcareous cementation, clay minerals, and chlorite exhibit strong softening properties when subjected to water, while the grain skeleton (comprising quartz, feldspar, mica) and siliceous cementation displays weak softening properties in such conditions. The most significant is the mechanical strength deterioration of siltstone containing a clay matrix. The research findings can provide reference and theoretical support for safe mining practices in coal mines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The possibility of moving objects accessing different types of points of interest (POIs) at specific times is not always the same, so quantitative time geography research needs to consider the actual POI semantic information, including POI attributes and time information. Existing methods allocate probabilities to position points, including POIs, based on space–time position information, but ignore the semantic information of POIs. The accessing activities of moving objects in different POIs usually have obvious time characteristics, such as dinner usually taking place around 6 PM. In this paper, building upon existing probabilistic time geographic methods, we introduce POI attributes and their time preferences to propose a probabilistic time geographic model for assigning probabilities to POI accesses. This model provides a comprehensive measure of position probability with space–time uncertainty between known trajectory points, incorporating time, space, and semantic information, thereby avoiding data gaps caused by single-dimensional information. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of Humulus scandens (HS) in diet on the production performance and intestinal barrier of rabbits. One hundred and sixty Laiwu black rabbits at 35 days of age with body weight of 692.5 ± 48.3 g were divided into four groups (five replicates per group and eight rabbits per replicate): fed on a basal diet free of HS (control), 4%, 8% or 12% HS powder supplement. The results showed that the dietary addition of HS decreased the ADFI, F/G, diarrhoea ratio and mortality ratio. Besides, the final body weight and ADG (P < .05) increased with the level of HS. Rabbits in 12% HS group had a higher sIgA and IgG concentration in serum and ileum than control, while lower TNFα, IFN-γ and IL-6 concentration (P < .05). Compared with the control, the HS supplementation groups for 12% level could decrease the mRNA expression of ZO-1, JAM3 and mucin1 (P < .05). In conclusion, dietary supplement of HS modulates immune responses and enhances intestinal barrier, meanwhile inhibits the synthesis of cytokine. Besides, our experiment offers positive evidence in improving rabbit health of HS as rabbit feed resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: MicroRNAs and traditional Chinese medicine have emerged as pivotal regulators in the progression of gastric carcinoma. Huashi Jiedu decoction has been clinically used to enhance the quality of life in gastric carcinoma patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the involvement of MicroRNAs and Huashi Jiedu decoction in gastric carcinoma metastasis and investigate their regulatory mechanisms in anti-tumor effects. Methods: Subsequently, the effect of Huashi Jiedu decoction on gastric carcinoma cell metastasis and proliferation was verified using cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, wounding healing, and Transwell assays. LncRNA-p21 knockdown cells were successfully established in BGC-823 and MGC-803 cell lines. Mouse models inoculated with MGC-803 cells were generated, and the cellular morphology in tissues was assessed using hematoxylin staining. Additionally, western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis were performed to evaluate the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins, with real-time PCR validation conducted in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Results: Network pharmacology revealed a close association between proteins involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process and LncRNA-p21 in gastric carcinoma, consistent with the downregulated expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Twist following LncRNA-p21 knockdown. Cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry assays confirmed that Huashi Jiedu decoction exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity, effectively inhibiting the distant metastasis of gastric carcinoma cells in wound healing and invasion experiments. Treatment with Huashi Jiedu decoction resulted in increased expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and LncRNA-p21 in both in vitro and in vivo models, as validated by western blot, real-time PCR, and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings demonstrate that Huashi Jiedu decoction suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inhibits gastric carcinoma invasion and metastasis both in vivo and in vitro through the knockdown of LncRNA-p21, corroborating the initial findings from our network pharmacology analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neurofibromatosis type I is a common genetic disease that can lead to disfigurement, neurological and functional disorders. However, it is rare to meet the case which a huge mass is formed rapidly after neurofibroma ruptures. This case report describes a rare case of a 52-year-old female with a rapidly expanding mass on her back and mild anemia as the main symptoms. Physical examination showed a huge mass on the back and a surface ulceration with the diameter of 6 cm. Imaging examination revealed the abundant blood supply to the lesion. We performed preoperative arterial embolization, and surgical resection on the fifth day after embolization. After operation, proper blood transfusion and vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) were given. Through 9-months follow-up study, the incision of the patient recovered well and there was no sign of tumor recurrence. Therefore, this case report provides clinicians with valuable experience in the treatment for rapidly expanding neurofibroma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mud crab Scylla paramamosain is a key species in China due to its high nutritional value and great economic worth and has grown in popularity. Myo-inositol can modulate versatile physiological functions in aquatic animals. In the present study, S. paramamosain megalopa were given graded concentrations of myo-inositol (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 ppm) by water immersion to explore how their metamorphosis would be affected. The results showed that supplementing with myo-inositol remarkably increased transformation and survival rate from megalopa to crablet by at least 1.16 and 1.26 times, respectively. To decipher the molecular mechanism of how myo-inositol increases metamorphosis and survival rate, we further performed transcriptome-based gene expression profiling of both megalopa and crablet treated with myo-inositol. The integrative transcriptome analyses predicted that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly enriched in chitinase activity, structural constituent of cuticle, and chitin binding, which are associated with the decomposition and reconstruction of cuticle. qPCR results confirmed that myo-inositol mediated gene expression levels of the above cuticle-related pathways. Considering the importance of the cuticle in exoskeleton formation and molting, it can be concluded that myoinositol-induced changes in the cuticle decomposition and reconstruction might have accelerated the transformation from megalopa to crablet of S. paramamosain. Besides, numerous DEGs were significantly enriched in protein digestion and absorption, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. It implies that myo-inositol may improve survival by regulating energy or nutrient absorption. Additionally, the accelerated metamorphosis by myo-inositol may improve survival from megalopa to crablet of S. paramamosain. Overall, this study will provide the first insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms by which myo-inositol increases metamorphosis and survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE To investigate the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) requiring complex percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS A total of 2403 patients with DM who underwent complex PCI from January to December 2013 were consecutively enrolled in this observational cohort study and divided according to DAPT duration into a standard group (11-13 months, n = 689) and two prolonged groups (13-24 months, n = 1133; > 24 months, n = 581). RESULTS Baseline characteristics, angiographic findings, and complexity of PCI were comparable regardless of DAPT duration. The incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event was lower when DAPT was 13-24 months than when it was 11-13 months or > 24 months (4.6% vs. 8.1% vs. 6.0%, P = 0.008), as was the incidence of all-cause death (1.9% vs. 4.6% vs. 2.2%, P = 0.002) and cardiac death (1.0% vs. 3.0% vs. 1.2%, P = 0.002). After adjustment for confounders, DAPT for 13-24 months was associated with a lower risk of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.544, 95% CI: 0.373-0.795] and all-cause death (HR = 0.605, 95% CI: 0.387-0.944). DAPT for > 24 months was associated with a lower risk of all-cause death (HR = 0.681, 95% CI: 0.493-0.942) and cardiac death (HR = 0.620, 95% CI: 0.403-0.952). The risk of major bleeding was not increased by prolonging DAPT to 13-24 months (HR = 1.356, 95% CI: 0.766-2.401) or > 24 months (HR = 0.967, 95% CI: 0.682-1.371). CONCLUSIONS For patients with DM undergoing complex PCI, prolonging DAPT might improve the long-term prognosis by reducing the risk of adverse ischemic events without increasing the bleeding risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Defining reliable surrogate markers and overcoming drug resistance are the most challenging issues for improving therapeutic outcomes of antiangiogenic drugs (AADs) in cancer patients. At the time of this writing, no biomarkers are clinically available to predict AAD therapeutic benefits and drug resistance. Here, we uncovered a unique mechanism of AAD resistance in epithelial carcinomas with KRAS mutations that targeted angiopoietin 2 (ANG2) to circumvent antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) responses. Mechanistically, KRAS mutations up-regulated the FOXC2 transcription factor that directly elevated ANG2 expression at the transcriptional level. ANG2 bestowed anti-VEGF resistance as an alternative pathway to augment VEGF-independent tumor angiogenesis. Most colorectal and pancreatic cancers with KRAS mutations were intrinsically resistant to monotherapies of anti-VEGF or anti-ANG2 drugs. However, combination therapy with anti-VEGF and anti-ANG2 drugs produced synergistic and potent anticancer effects in KRAS-mutated cancers. Together, these data demonstrate that KRAS mutations in tumors serve as a predictive marker for anti-VEGF resistance and are susceptible to combination therapy with anti-VEGF and anti-ANG2 drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coherent sources exploiting the stimulated emission of non‐equilibrium quantum systems, i.e., gain media, have proven indispensable for advancing fundamental research and engineering. The operating electromagnetic bands of such coherent sources have been continuously enriched for increasing demands. Nevertheless, simultaneous generation of radiation in multiple widely‐separated bands presents formidable challenges with a single gain medium. Herein, a mechanism of simultaneously realizing the stimulated emission of radiation in the visible and microwave bands, i.e., lasing and masing actions, at ambient conditions by utilizing photoexcited singlet and triplet states of pentacene doped in p‐terphenyl is proposed. The possibility is validated by the observed amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at 645 nm with a narrow linewidth around 1 nm from the pentacene‐doped p‐terphenyl crystal used for masing at 1.45 GHz and consolidated by a 20‐fold‐lower threshold of ASE compared to the reported masing threshold. The overall threshold of the pentacene‐based multiband coherent source can be optimized by appropriate alignment of the pump‐light polarization with the pentacene's transition dipole moment. This work not only shows a great promise on immediate realization of multiband coherent sources but also establishes an intriguing solid‐state platform for fundamental research of quantum optics in multiple frequency domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social impact assessment is a practical requirement for the construction of the national park system, but there is still a lack of comprehensive conceptual frameworks, theoretical explanations, and systematic evaluations. Considering the distinctive characteristics of China's national park system construction, this study improves the existing framework and indicator system for social impact assessment. It conducts a comparative analysis of three typical communities--the inside community, gateway community, and fringe community--surrounding the Giant Panda National Park (Tangjiahe area). Through questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews, factor analysis, and One-way ANOVA analysis, we find that the comprehensive perception value of social impacts by the Giant Panda National Park was relatively negative. Respondents' perception values ranked from high to low were social relations, local culture, equity and rights, economy and livelihoods, and knowledge and education. Moreover, except the dimension of economy and livelihoods, there were significant differences in the perception of impacts by the three types of communities. Specifically, the gateway community has the most positive perception of social relations, local culture, and equity and rights; the inside community has the most positive perception of knowledge and education; while the fringe community perceived the most negative impacts in all four dimensions. Furthermore, the primary causes of social impact perception are conservation policies, economic development, and location and transportation. This study suggests that non-economic social impacts should be given more attention, such as equity and rights, and knowledge and education. Also, to ensure that the fringe communities can benefit from the construction and development of national parks, more attention and support from the governments and management agencies are necessary. This study can provide theoretical insights and case-based evidence for the improvement of social impact discussions on protected areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tryptophan derivatives are various aromatic compounds produced in the tryptophan metabolic pathway, such as 5-hydroxytryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptamine, melatonin, 7-chloro-tryptophan, 7-bromo-tryptophan, indigo, indirubin, indole- 3-acetic acid, violamycin, and dexoyviolacein. They have high added value, widely used in chemical, food, polymer and pharmaceutical industry and play an important role in treating diseases and improving life. At present, most tryptophan derivatives are synthesized by biosynthesis. The biosynthesis method is to combine metabolic engineering with synthetic biology and system biology, and use the tryptophan biosynthesis pathway of Escherichia coli, Corynebacterium glutamicum and other related microorganisms to reconstruct the artificial biosynthesis pathway, and then produce various tryptophan derivatives. In this paper, the characteristics, applications and specific biosynthetic pathways and methods of these derivatives were reviewed, and some strategies to increase the yield of derivatives and reduce the production cost on the basis of biosynthesis were introduced in order to make some contributions to the development of tryptophan derivatives biosynthesis industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has looked into educational approaches to prevent plagiarism in academic writing, yielding insights into how plagiarism can be avoided. However, plagiarism remains a major problem in the education sector. We designed a training module that includes a customised Online Scaffolding Writing System (OSWS) to help faculty teach undergraduates how to avoid committing plagiarism in their academic writing. A quasi-experimental design was used to analyse the plagiarism-related perceptions and behavioural changes of 121 undergraduate students and to test the effects of the new module on students' academic writing. The experimental group performed significantly better than the control group in terms of decreasing the extent of plagiarism in their writing (with a mean decrease from a moderate to minor level of plagiarism), and improving their writing quality (with a mean increase of 18 percentage points in writing scores). Furthermore, more than 95% of the students in the experimental group and their instructor reported that they valued the benefits of adopting the training module in class, and almost 90% of them expressed high levels of satisfaction with the learning they had obtained from the OSWS. This study also provides insights into how the new training module can be implemented across disciplines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The microsatellite stability(MSS) subtype of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) represents approximately 95% of mCRC cases. Immunotherapy was not as encouraging as the data for MSS mCRC cancer. We report the treatment of a series of patients with extrahepatic metastasis of MSS colorectal cancer, which can provide reference and guidance for the treatment of non-hepatic metastasis of MSS colorectal. Case presentation: This report describes 8 typical cases of successful MSS treatment with lung metastases of CRC. We systematically reviewed the clinical data and detailed medical history of one of these patients with extrahepatic metastasis from MSS colorectal cancer, and reviewed the literature to analyze and discuss the related epidemiological features, mechanisms and recent research findings of the special subgroup of the population. Conclusions: Although MSS colon rectal cancer is still known as a cold tumor in the industry, immunotherapy combined with multi-targeted anti-vascular tyrosine kinase inhibitors had brought clinical benefits to patients with nonhepatic metastases from MSS colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transmembrane protein TMEM206 was recently identified as the molecular basis of the extracellular proton-activated Cl- channel (PAC), which plays an essential role in neuronal death in ischemia-reperfusion. The PAC channel is activated by extracellular acid, but the proton-sensitive mechanism remains unclear, although different acid-sensitive pockets have been suggested based on the cryo-EM structure of the human PAC (hPAC) channel. In the present study, we firstly identified two acidic amino acid residues that removed the pH-dependent activation of the hPAC channel by neutralization all the conservative negative charged residues located in the extracellular domain of the hPAC channel and some positively charged residues at the hotspot combined with two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) recording in the Xenopus oocytes system. Double-mutant cycle analysis and double cysteine mutant of these two residues proved that these two residues cooperatively form a protonsensitive site. In addition, we found that chloral hydrate activates the hPAC channel depending on the normal pH sensitivity of the hPAC channel. Furthermore, the PAC channel knock-out (KO) male mice (C57BL/6J) resist chloral hydrate-induced sedation and hypnosis. Our study provides a molecular basis for understanding the proton-dependent activation mechanism of the hPAC channel and a novel drug target of chloral hydrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bacterial keratitis can lead to intraocular infection and even blindness without prompt and potent treatments. Currently, clinical abuse of antibiotics encouraged the evolution of resistant bacteria. Conventional antibiotic eye drops based keratitis treatment has been heavily restricted due to the lack of bactericidal efficiency and easy induction of bacterial resistance. Hence, developing an effective treatment strategy for bacterial keratitis is of great significance. In this work, we investigated ε-poly-L-lysine (EPL)-modified polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles (EPL@PDA NPs)-mediated antibacterial photothermal therapy (aPTT), to cope with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced keratitis. The surface modification of cationic peptide EPL enables EPL@PDA NPs to specifically target negatively charged MRSA and induces local hyperthermia to kill the bacteria under low ambient temperature. Under nearinfrared (NIR) irradiation, the sterilization efficiency of EPL@PDA NPs suspension for MRSA in vitro was up to 99.96%. The EPL@PDA-mediated aPTT presented potent antibacterial efficacy in treating MRSA-induced keratitis with little corneal epithelial cytotoxicity and good biocompatibility. In conclusion, the bacterial-targeting aPTT platform in this work provides a prospective method for the management of MRSAinduced refractory bacterial keratitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection of dim small ground targets in SAR remote sensing images suffers from deficient target information and significant irrelevant background noise. In order to solve this problem, we propose the CDYOLO (Cross -DRSN YOLO) based on multi-level feature fusion. In CDYOLO, the convolutional neural network is firstly used to extract features from the input SAR image step by step, thus the spatial pyramid of shallow and deep feature maps is obtained. Cross-level feature fusion is then performed on the spatial pyramid of feature maps, combined with the constructed soft thresholding module which adopts DRSN ( Deep Residual Shrinkage Network), to enhance the spatial features of dim small targets and eliminate the noise-related features. Finally, endto -end target detection is carried out on the two large parallel feature maps generated after soft thresholding. Detection results are output combined with multi -channel information . Due to lack of sufficient image data, a SAR dim small ground target dataset named SGDSTD (SAR Small Ground-based Dim Small Target Dataset) is constructed. Experimental results show that CD-YOLO achieves a real-time performance of 32. 3 frames per second, and its APo 5 and API) 5·095 on the SGDSTD dataset achieve 91 . 6% and 51 . 9%, respectively. Precision and recall of CD -YOLO on the SGDSTD dataset are 86.9% and 81.4%, respectively. The experiment results prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cultivation of top-notch innovative talents is one of the most prominent tasks in China's universities in the new era, and also an opportunity and challenge for local universities. Taking the food subject of local universities as an example, some suggestions were put forward from the aspects of security measures, teacher team construction, talent selection and management, and talent cultivation, in order to provide reference for the exploration and practice of cultivating topnotch innovative talents in the food subject of local universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]