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Steam generating heat pump (SGHP) is a key technology for industrial decarbonization. For comprehensive evaluation of the feasibility and reliability of SGHP in different industrial sector, the work develops a thorough evaluation model for assessing the performance of SGHP by considering waste heat recovery, CO2 trading value, and pollutant emission cost, in addition to the conventional evaluation criteria. This work presents a thorough comparison of the thermodynamic performance and sustainability of various types of SGHPs across different industrial sector. Additionally, the conflicting relationships between the coefficient of performance (COP) and exergy efficiency are balanced through the application of the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS). The results show that all the indexes of SGHP connected to an open heat pump (SGHPO) with different application scenarios are higher than those of SGHP connected to a flash tank (SGHPF). At the most unfavorable operating condition of the system, the COP minimum value is 1.31 and the exergy efficiency minimum value is 20.42%. These results indicate that replacing the coal-fired boiler with SGHP is feasible and the work could provide theoretical guidance for optimal design and equipment manufacture. Highlights: • A more comprehensive SGHP valuation model that takes into account the waste heat recovery, CO2 trading value, and pollutant emission cost is proposed. • The SGHPs are classified, compared, and analyzed comprehensively, with design and optimization recommendations provided. • Optimal balance between COP and exergy efficiency of a SGHP using the TOPSIS method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although high‐efficiency host‐sensitizer‐TBRb‐based organic light‐emitting diodes (HST‐OLEDs) are widely reported, the reasons for their high performances are still vague because the important role of hot exciton in TBRb emitter (T2, TBRb) has not been recognized previously. Herein, a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 24.9% is obtained from a HST‐OLED by co‐doping the Ir(ppy)3 sensitizer and TBRb emitter into the CBP host. Such a remarkable efficiency is mainly attributed to the efficient utilization of the T2, TBRb via the cascade Dexter energy transfer (DET) channels from triplet excitons of host and sensitizer to T2, TBRb (T1, CBP→DET$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{DET}}} $ T1, Ir(ppy)3→DET$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{DET}}} $ T2, TBRb) followed by the hot‐exciton reverse intersystem crossing (RISC, T2, TBRb→RISC$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{RISC}}} $ S1, TBRb) and triplet fusion (TF, T2, TBRb + T2, TBRb→TF$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{TF}}} $ Sm, TBRb→IC$\mathop \to \limits^{{\mathrm{IC}}} $ S1, TBRb) processes for radiative decays. These cascade DET channels are demonstrated by spectroscopic analyses and magneto‐electroluminescence studies. More importantly, this HST‐OLED presents an extremely low‐efficiency roll‐off, that is, the EQEs separately exhibit 24.34% and 19.73% at 1000 and 10 000 cd m−2 compared to the maximum EQE of 24.9%. Obviously, this work paves a promising pathway for fabricating further high‐efficiency HST‐OLEDs for applications in illumination and flat‐panel display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: HIV/AIDS has emerged as a nationwide epidemic and has taken the forefront position as the primary infectious killer of adults in China. The control and prevention of the disease have been hampered by a weak link in the form of heterosexual transmission. However, conventional intervention measures have demonstrated suboptimal efficacy in reducing the incidence of new HIV infections. In light of the current epidemiological characteristics, we have developed and executed an innovative intervention model known as the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO'. The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of this model on the AIDS awareness, HIV infection rates, sexual behavior, and associated factors among female sex workers and elderly clients. Through the provision of robust evidence of the efficacy of this innovative model, we seek to advocate for its implementation in future interventions. Methods: The research design of this study incorporates both a serial cross-sectional study and time-series analysis from 2014 to 2021, including a 4-year traditional intervention (2014–2017) and the 4-year 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO' innovative intervention (2018–2021), was conducted to evaluate the effects of the new intervention. The GM(1, 1) model was performed to predict the proportion of HIV infection without implementing the innovative intervention in 2018–2021; P and C values were used to evaluate the performance of the model. Mann-Kendall test and descriptive methods were used to analyzed the trend of traditional and innovative interventions models on HIV positive detection rate in FSWs and elderly clients. Results: The condom usage rates during the last commercial sexual encounter for FSWs and elderly clients improved from 74.9% and 9.1%, respectively, to 96.9% and 28.1%. (P < 0.05), newly reported cases of HIV have decreased by 15.56% yearly and the HIV positive detection rate among middle-aged and elderly people has dropped by 14.47%. The innovative intervention model has significantly reduced the HIV infection rates. Conclusions: The 'CDC-Public Security Bureau-NGO' innovative intervention has achieved beneficial effects on HIV/AIDS prevention and control and provides a good reference for Guangxi, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution deteriorates ecosystems and has a great threaten to the environment. The environmental benefits of wastewater treatment are extremely important to minimize pollutants. Here, the biochar purchased from the related industry was used to treat the wastewater which contained high concentration of vanadium (V). The concentration of vanadium was measured by the IC-OES and the results showed that 96.1% vanadium (V) was reduced at selected reaction conditions: the mass ratio of biochar to vanadium of 5.4, reaction temperature of 90 °C, reaction time at 60 min and concentration of H2SO4 of 10 g/L, respectively. Response surface methodology confirmed that all the experimental parameters had positive effect on the reduction of vanadium (V), which could improve the reduction efficiency of vanadium (V) as increased. The influence of each parameter on the reduction process followed the order: A (Concentration of H2SO4) > C (mass ratio of biochar to vanadium) > B (mass ratio of biochar to vanadium). Especially, the mass ratio of biochar to vanadium and concentration of H2SO4 had the greatest influence on the reduction process. This paper provides a versatile strategy for the treatment of wastewater containing vanadium (V) and shows a bright tomorrow for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Customer numbers and comments have been extensively studied to increase hotel arrivals and loyalty, whereas the specific distribution and sentiment variations have received less attention. This study constructed a data set of hotel customers and the deep learning model was applied to quantify unstructured text, which can mine the distribution and sentiment variation patterns of different star hotel customers. The findings show that customers of different star-rated hotels have different variation patterns of sentiment and distribution. There is a negative correlation between the visit heat and sentiment of some high-star hotels in various administrative regions: regions with lower visit heat have higher sentiment scores. In addition, season and location are important factors that affect customers' sentiments. This study is the first to use a quantitative approach to examine the distribution and sentiment variation patterns of hotel customers. It provides insights into appropriate marketing strategies for the hotel industry and offers practical suggestions to hotel customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inactivated COVID-19 vaccine has demonstrated high efficacy in the general population through extensive clinical and real-world studies. However, its effectiveness in immunocompromised individuals, particularly those living with HIV (PLWH), remains limited. In this study, 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals were recruited to evaluate the immunogenicity of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine in PLWH through a prospective cohort study. The median age of the 20 PLWH and 15 HIV-seronegative individuals was 42 years and 31 years, respectively. Of the PLWH, nine had been on ART for over five years. The median anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD IgG antibody level on d224 was higher than that on d42 (8188.7 ng/mL vs. 3200.9 ng/mL, P < 0.05). Following COVID-19 infection, the antibody level increased to 29,872.5 ng/mL on dre+90, 12.19 times higher than that on d300. Compared with HIV-seronegative individuals, the antibody level in PLWH was lower on d210 (183.3 ng/mL vs. 509.3 ng/mL, P < 0.01), while there was no difference after d224. The symptoms of COVID-19 infection in PLWH were comparable to those in HIV-seronegative individuals. In this study, the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine demonstrated good immunogenicity in PLWH. The protective benefit of booster vaccinations for PLWH cannot be ignored. Implementing a booster vaccination policy for PLWH is an effective approach to providing better protection against the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising prevalence of diabetes mellitus has casted a spotlight on one of its significant sequelae: cognitive impairment. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally developed for diabetes management, are increasingly studied for their cognitive benefits. These benefits may include reduction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, decrease of amyloid burdens, enhancement of neuronal plasticity, and improved cerebral glucose utilization. The multifaceted effects and the relatively favorable side-effect profile of SGLT2 inhibitors render them a promising therapeutic candidate for cognitive disorders. Nonetheless, the application of SGLT2 inhibitors for cognitive impairment is not without its limitations, necessitating more comprehensive research to fully determine their therapeutic potential for cognitive treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of SGLT2 in neural function, elucidate the diabetes-cognition nexus, and synthesize current knowledge on the cognitive effects of SGLT2 inhibitors based on animal studies and clinical evidence. Research gaps are proposed to spur further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molten salt is popularly applied in solar thermal power generation as high-temperature heat transfer medium. The thermophysical properties of nitrate molten salt nanofluids can be improved compared with that of pure molten salt. In order to improve the heat transfer performance of molten salt nanofluids, a new heat transfer enhanced tube with converging–diverging bulge is proposed. In this study, the convective heat transfer characteristics of molten salt nanofluids in the enhanced tube with converging–diverging bulge are studied numerically. The effects of the height-width ratio (J) and length–width ratio (K) on heat transfer and flow resistance are investigated. The results show that Nussel number (Nu) increases with the increase of J value, and Nu decreases with the increase of K value. The range of Reynolds number (Re) is 8000–24,000, the range of PEC in enhanced tube is 1.15–1.48. When J = 0.27, K = 2.08, and Re = 8000, the PEC of the enhanced tube is the largest 1.48. The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement is analyzed based on the field synergy principle, and the simulation results are analyzed based on the improved entropy theory. The change trend of heat transfer efficiency and heat transfer entropy production is opposite. With the increase of J, the heat transfer exergy loss number (NHT) decrease, the heat transfer effectiveness (ε), flow resistance entropy number (Np) and pressure drop (Δp) increase. With the increase of K, the heat transfer exergy loss number (NHT) increase, the heat transfer effectiveness (ε), flow resistance entropy number (Np) and pressure drop (Δp) decrease. The new enhanced tube could be used to promote the further development of molten salt heat exchanger. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: By meticulously tracking the evolving growth, development, and nutritional status of primary and secondary school students in Qiongzhong County from 2014 to 2021 post-implementation of the "Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students"(NIPRCES, This project provides a supplementary food allowance of at least ￥4 per person per day for primary and secondary school students. The project area undergoes annual routine monitoring.), this study aims to offer a scientific basis for enhancing and promoting the project. Through thorough monitoring of students' nutritional status changes influenced by this program, we strive to establish a comprehensive and evidence-based framework for its future advancement. Methods: From 2014 to 2021, this study employed a multi-stage sampling method utilizing cluster sampling to select six primary and six secondary schools in Qiongzhong County, Hainan Province. Data on the growth and development of respondents were collected. This cohort was a dynamic cohort with a total of 18,762 final data recovered. The prevalence of malnutrition was evaluated using the Cochran Armitage Trend Test (CATT) to assess year-to-year changes. Furthermore, height/weight and the prevalence of malnutrition between groups were compared using the t-test, χ2 test, and Bonferroni's corrected analysis. Results: The average height of both boys and girls has increased. In 2021, boys and girls of all ages showed an average height increase of 2.31 cm and 1.98 cm, respectively, compared to 2014. Nevertheless, the growth and development levels, and rate of improvement of these students remain comparatively lower than their rural counterparts across China, who are of the same age. From 2014 to 2021, the prevalence of undernutrition (mainly wasting) showed a significant downward trend (P < 0.05) from 29.30% to 22.19%, and the prevalence of overnutrition showed an upward trend (both P < 0.05). The prevalence of undernutrition was higher among boys, students in grades 1–3 and those of Li nationality. Meanwhile, the prevalence of overnutrition was higher among boys, students in grades 1–3 and those of Han nationality. Conclusions: Over the 8-year period of NIPRCES, there has been progress in the growth and development of students, yet levels still lag behind the national average for rural students of the same age. While malnutrition prevalence have decreased, they remain high, with a concerning rise in overnutrition prevalence. Undernutrition and overweight/obesity are more prevalent among boys and younger students. Li students show higher prevalence of undernutrition, while overnutrition is a growing issue among Han students. Simultaneously, local education and health care departments must acknowledge the disparities in growth and nutritional status among primary and secondary school students residing in rural areas within the tropics and those in rural areas across the entire nation. Nutritional improvement measures should be tailored to local conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supercritical carbon dioxide printed circuit board heat exchangers are expected to be applied in third-generation solar thermal power generation. However, the uniformity of supercritical carbon dioxide entering the heat exchanger has a significant impact on the overall performance of the heat exchanger. In order to improve the uniformity of flow distribution in the inlet header. This article studies and optimizes the inlet header of a printed circuit board heat exchanger through numerical simulation. The results indicate that when supercritical carbon dioxide flows through the header cavity, eddy currents will be generated, which will increase the uneven distribution of flow rate, while reducing the generation of eddy currents will improve the uniform distribution of flow rate. When the dimensionless factor of the inlet header is 6, the hyperbolic configuration is the optimal structure. We also reduced the eddy current region by adding transition segments, and the results showed that the structure was the best when the dilation angle was 10°, which reduced the non-uniformity by 21% compared to the hyperbolic configuration, providing guidance for engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molten salt and supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) are considered to be one of the most promising combined heat transfer refrigerants for third-generation solar thermal power generation. To evaluate the potential of chloride salts and carbonates in third-generation solar thermal power generation, this paper uses molten salts and sCO2 as the working media of printed circuit board heat exchangers (PCHE), and uses numerical simulation to study the heat transfer and friction of PCHE channels with different molten salts and sCO2, and establishes predictive correlations respectively. A local heat transfer and friction study was conducted on the sCO2 side of the airfoil channel, and it was found that the inlet mass flow rate has a significant impact on it, while the inlet temperature has a relatively small impact. A comprehensive comparison was made between the heat transfer and friction of two molten salts, and the comprehensive performance of chloride salts was 70%–80% higher than that of carbonates. The results indicate that the potential of chloride salts in third-generation solar thermal power generation is much greater than that of carbonates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is cost-effective and eco-friendly for oil exploitation. Genetically modified biosurfactants-producing high-yield strains are promising for ex-situ MEOR. However, can they survive and produce biosurfactants in petroleum reservoirs for in-situ MEOR? What is their effect on the native bacterial community? Methods and results A genetically modified indigenous biosurfactants-producing strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa PrhlAB was bioaugmented in simulated reservoir environments. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PrhlAB could stably colonize in simulated reservoirs. Biosurfactants (200 mg l−1) were produced in simulated reservoirs after bio-augmenting strain PrhlAB. The surface tension of fluid was reduced to 32.1 mN m−1. Crude oil was emulsified with an emulsification index of 60.1%. Bio-augmenting strain PrhlAB stimulated the MEOR-related microbial activities. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria and biosurfactants-producing bacteria were activated, while the hydrogen sulfide-producing bacteria were inhibited. Bio-augmenting P. aeruginosa PrhlAB reduced the diversity of bacterial community, and gradually simplified the species composition. Bacteria with oil displacement potential became dominant genera, such as Shewanella, Pseudomonas , and Arcobacter. Conclusions Culture-based and sequence-based analyses reveal that genetically modified biosurfactants-producing strain P. aeruginosa PrhlAB are promising for in-situ MEOR as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colloidal zinc‐chalcogenide quantum dots (QDs) are emerging as the promising heavy‐metal‐free light–emitters, however, the development of light amplification and lasing therein remains challenging. Here, corroborated by comprehensive in situ and transient spectroscopy, it is unraveled that the ultrafast photooxidization‐induced trapping process (≈2 ps) and the sub‐bandgap photoinduced absorption under intense excitation are the main hindrances to light amplification in ZnSeTe QDs. Upon tackling the hurdle by heterostructure engineering, this study demonstrates that the ZnSeTe QDs exhibit intrinsically superior gain performance, including the high gain cross‐section (5.6 × 10−16 cm2), long gain lifetime (615 ps), low pump threshold (≈25.9 µJ cm−2) and high fatigue resistance. On this basis, a microfluidic channel is designed to mass‐produce the micellar cavities whose surfaces are treated to combine with the ZnSeTe QDs. The active QD‐micelle hybrids show state‐of‐the‐art lasing performance and allow the fiber‐based micro‐manipulation toward the single‐mode lasers. These findings not only provide essential knowledge on the gain physics in ZnSeTe QDs, but also open a new avenue to develop high‐performance eco‐friendly lasers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carotenoid cleavage oxygenases can cleave carotenoids into a range of biologically important products. Carotenoid isomerooxygenase (NinaB) and β, β-carotene 15, 15′-monooxygenase (BCO1) are two important oxygenases. In order to understand the roles that both oxygenases exert in crustaceans, we first investigated NinaB-like (EsNinaBl) and BCO1-like (EsBCO1l) within the genome of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Their functions were then deciphered through an analysis of their expression patterns, an in vitro β-carotene degradation assay, and RNA interference. The results showed that both EsNinaBl and EsBCO1l contain an RPE65 domain and exhibit high levels of expression in the hepatopancreas. During the molting stage, EsNinaBl exhibited significant upregulation in stage C, whereas EsBCO1l showed significantly higher expression levels at stage AB. Moreover, dietary supplementation with β-carotene resulted in a notable increase in the expression of EsNinaBl and EsBCO1l in the hepatopancreas. Further functional assays showed that the EsNinaBl expressed in E. coli underwent significant changes in its color, from orange to light; in addition, its β-carotene cleavage was higher than that of EsBCO1l. After the knockdown of EsNinaBl or EsBCO1l in juvenile E. sinensis, the expression levels of both genes were significantly decreased in the hepatopancreas, accompanied by a notable increase in the redness (a*) values. Furthermore, a significant increase in the β-carotene content was observed in the hepatopancreas when EsNinaBl-mRNA was suppressed, which suggests that EsNinaBl plays an important role in carotenoid cleavage, specifically β-carotene. In conclusion, our findings suggest that EsNinaBl and EsBCO1l may exhibit functional co-expression and play a crucial role in carotenoid cleavage in crabs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been recognized as promising solution-processable gain media; however, the lasers with state-of-the-art performance exclusively originate from the cadmium- and lead-based NCs. Herein, we for the first time unravel that high-quality heavy-metal-free ZnSe/ZnS NCs show superior optical gain and lasing performance when the sizes exceed the quantum confinement regime. Corroborated by comprehensive transient spectroscopy, we reveal that the optical gain in large ZnSe/ZnS NCs originates from the novel Coulomb-correlated electron–hole plasma (C-EHP) instead of high-order multi-exciton recombination. Thanks to the formation of a four-level system and the suppression of Auger recombination, the C-EHP renders low gain threshold (9.4 μJ/cm2), high gain coefficient (>6500 cm−1), and long gain lifetime (∼4 ns). Such desirable gain properties compete well with those of classic CdSe NCs and enable the construction of a high-performance laser device. This work represents significant progress toward the development of solution-processable non-heavy-metal nanocrystal lasers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hua‐ju‐hong (HJH) is a Chinese medicinal material obtained from Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa' (CGT) and Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck (CG) with various commercial specifications. It is known for relieving cough and dispelling phlegm. To reveal the quality marker for distinguishing the various HJH, 215 batches of commercial HJH were studied systematically using multidimensional chemical analysis. Ten major components were identified by high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole‐time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry and quantified via high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection. In this study, a rapid, efficient, and low‐cost chromatographic method was established. Total coumarin‐hemiterpene and total coumarin‐monoterpene were first classified and analyzed in HJH. The result indicated that the main component, naringin, was not the quality marker for differentiating CGT from CG. For reflecting the unique medicinal and food value of HJH, coumarins should be the more potential quality markers. Flavonoids were the possible quality markers for distinguishing two growth stages of fruit‐exocarp and young fruit. For the first time, two chemotypes of HJH were identified in CG. This study provides a convenient yet reliant chromatographic method and novel yet systematic strategies for overall quality control of commercial HJH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The feedthrough effect can significantly affect the performance of MEMS gyroscopes and even lead to device failure. In order to address the inevitable problem of feedthrough capacitance caused by microfabrication process and circuit structure, two automatic feedthrough cancellation solutions are proposed based on the analysis of the feedthrough effect. Firstly, an equivalent feedthrough model is established for MEMS gyroscopes. Then, through theoretical derivation and model simulation, various influences of feedthrough effect are analysed, and the critical value of feedthrough capacitance is calculated to achieve better compensation effects. For feedthrough capacitance greater than the critical value, a feedthrough cancellation method utilizing AD5231 digital potentiometer for generating an inverse signal is designed. For the situation of feedthrough capacitance less than the critical value, a feedthrough cancellation method based on pure digital circuit calculation is proposed. The experimental results show that the method of utilizing digital potentiometer effectively reduces the feedthrough level from −17.46 dB to −32.75 dB, and the method of utilizing pure digital circuit calculation compensates the feedthrough signal of 100.04 mV to almost zero (2.44 mV) within the range of ADC sampling accuracy. These two methods can accurately and quickly suppress feedthrough signal to improve the detection performance of MEMS gyroscopes, and are expected to meet the needs of future mass production. In addition, they can be widely applied to various MEMS devices that require feedthrough cancellation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accurate and rapid weather forecasting and climate modeling are universal goals in human development. While Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) remains the gold standard, it faces challenges like inherent atmospheric uncertainties and computational costs, especially in the post-Moore era. With the advent of deep learning, the field has been revolutionized through data-driven models. This paper reviews the key models and significant developments in data-driven weather forecasting and climate modeling. It provides an overview of these models, covering aspects such as dataset selection, model design, training process, computational acceleration, and prediction effectiveness. Data-driven models trained on reanalysis data can provide effective forecasts with an accuracy (ACC) greater than 0.6 for up to 15 days at a spatial resolution of 0.25°. These models outperform or match the most advanced NWP methods for 90% of variables, reducing forecast generation time from hours to seconds. Data-driven climate models can reliably simulate climate patterns for decades to 100 years, offering a magnitude of computational savings and competitive performance. Despite their advantages, data-driven methods have limitations, including poor interpretability, challenges in evaluating model uncertainty, and conservative predictions in extreme cases. Future research should focus on larger models, integrating more physical constraints, and enhancing evaluation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the single-screw compressor (SSC) structure, a new type of composite slide valve (CSV) has been proposed and designed, featuring internal volume ratios of 2.8, 3.9, and 5.6 and operating under a partial load of 35%. The theoretical model describing the dynamic features and thermodynamic performance of the SSC with CSV has also been built. The pressure ratio of the experimental system can be adjusted from 3.3 to 7.8, and the experimental results demonstrate the CSV's effective performance. The deviations between the calculated and measured results for volume ratio and input power are 3.33–9.08% and 0.32–8.03%, and the deviations for heating capacity and adiabatic efficiency range from 0.92–8.73% to 2.09–9.67%, respectively. The introduction of the CSV offers a novel approach to enhancing SSC efficiency. Both the theoretical and experimental findings lay a foundation for future optimization and design improvements in variable load and internal volumetric ratio single-screw compressors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For combined sensible-latent heat storage system (CSLHS) (termed as the hybrid configuration), macro encapsulation can effectively solve the leakage problem of PCMs. However, due to the poor thermal conductivity of PCMs, the charging performance of the hybrid configuration slightly increases compared to the solid structure (with only sensible materials). Meanwhile, the natural convection in the PCMs zone could improve the charging performance. So, how to improve natural convection intensity is a key issue for the CSLHS by macro encapsulating. It is found that adding fins can significantly enhance natural convection and accelerate the melting of PCM. In this paper, we proposed the hybrid configuration with fins built-in by macro encapsulation, and analyzed its charging performance with different fin structural parameters in the PCM zone by CFD simulation. In the case, the sensible heat storage material is high-temperature concrete and the PCM is a low-melting-point mixed molten salt. We analyzed the effects of fin number, fin length and fin thickness on the charging performance of the hybrid configuration respectively. From the result, the charging performance increases with the fin number, but the increase rate gradually decreases. When the fin number is 6, the charging performance increases by 20.18% compared to the situation without fin. The charging performance increases gradually with the fin length. Compared with the hybrid configuration without fin, for each 10 mm increase in fin length, its charging performances increase by 4.09%, 5.26%, 7.02%, 8.77%, 11.70%, and 15.79%, respectively. Different from number and length of fins, the effect of thickness on the charging performance is very small. When the fin thickness increased from 1 mm to 4 mm, the charging performance only increased by 2.3%. It indicates that the main reason for the improving the charging performance is to increase the natural convection intensity by dividing the PCM zone through fins. These results show that the charging performance of the CSLHS with macro encapsulation can be improved by optimizing fin structural parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Refrigerant injection techniques are usually proposed to improve the performance and reliability of compressors when a single-screw compressor applied to an air-source heat pump works at low temperatures in winter. In this study, an experimental study was conducted to present the performance comparison of the single-screw compressor in the air-source heat pump under liquid, vapor, and liquid–vapor refrigerant injection at evaporation temperatures between −19 and −8 °C. The results indicate that, when the evaporation temperature decreases from −8 to −19 °C, the heating capacity under liquid–vapor and vapor injection increases by 16.7% and 12.7%, respectively, compared with that under liquid injection and that the COPh increment under liquid–vapor injection and vapor injection is, respectively, from 11.23% to 39.21% and from 17.18% to 30.82% compared with that under liquid injection. Therefore, the liquid–vapor injection method is conducive to the operation of the air-source heat pump at a lower ambient temperature. The experimental results can provide the basis for the future design of single-screw compressors applied to air-source heat pumps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The flexible mode of operation of coal-fired units can accommodate large-scale renewable power integration into the grid, providing more grid capacity. The flexibility transformation of coal-fired units in thermal power plants can be achieved through main steam extraction and reheated steam extraction. A 300 MW subcritical unit, 600 MW subcritical unit and 660 MW ultra-supercritical unit with six flexible operation modes were chosen as the research model to investigate the thermal adaptability for flexible operation. The results show that from the perspective of the source of steam extraction, the main steam extraction scheme is suitable for the flexible adjustment of peak load capacity, and the reheated extraction scheme is suitable for the flexible operation of low load and high thermal efficiency. Moreover, from the perspective of thermal performance adaptability, the 600 MW unit has a wider load regulation capacity than the 300 MW and 660 MW units, and is suitable as the peak shaving unit. This work can provide theoretical guidance for different types of coal-fired units in choosing flexible operation schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an energy quality improvement device, an air source heat pump plays an important role in clean heating applications. When operating in a cold and wet environment in winter, the outdoor evaporator will have the problem of frost, which affects the operation efficiency. To solve the frosting problem, the development of frost-free evaporators has attracted more and more attention. The fluctuation characteristics of the gas–liquid interface are the key factors affecting the intensity of gas–liquid heat transfer on the air side of this kind of heat exchanger. Therefore, a mathematical model is established to describe the falling film flow on the surface of the flat finned tube heat exchanger in a closed-type heat source tower. The model takes into account the interfacial tension and interphase friction force between the air flow and the liquid film. On this basis, the fluctuation intensity of the central channel interface during falling film flow with different inlet parameters is studied. It is found that there is a critical value of 1.5 m/s (i.e., Reg = 1643.0) in the air flow rate under the study conditions. When the air flow rate is higher than this velocity, the interface near the gas–liquid outlet fluctuates more frequently and the stability is poor. The distributions of interfacial velocity and pressure are also studied, and the relationship between them and interface fluctuation is analyzed. This paper aims to provide theoretical support for enhanced heat and mass transfer on the air side of finned tube heat exchangers in the closed-type heat source tower. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water pollution deteriorates ecosystems and has a great threaten to the environment. The environmental benefits of wastewater treatment are extremely important to minimize pollutants. Here, the biochar purchased from the related industry was used to treat the wastewater which contained high concentration of vanadium (V). The concentration of vanadium was measured by the IC-OES and the results showed that 96.1% vanadium (V) was reduced at selected reaction conditions: the mass ratio of biochar to vanadium of 5.4, reaction temperature of 90 °C, reaction time at 60 min and concentration of H2SO4 of 10 g/L, respectively. Response surface methodology confirmed that all the experimental parameters had positive effect on the reduction of vanadium (V), which could improve the reduction efficiency of vanadium (V) as increased. The influence of each parameter on the reduction process followed the order: A (Concentration of H2SO4) > C (mass ratio of biochar to vanadium) > B (mass ratio of biochar to vanadium). Especially, the mass ratio of biochar to vanadium and concentration of H2SO4 had the greatest influence on the reduction process. This paper provides a versatile strategy for the treatment of wastewater containing vanadium (V) and shows a bright tomorrow for wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the Qu/COS/PVA composite nanofiber membranes with excellent antibacterial properties were fabricated by adding quercetin (Qu) on chitosan oligosaccharides/poly (vinyl alcohol) (COS/PVA) nanofiber through electrospinning technology. The effects of the Qu and COS content on solution conductivity, viscosity and surface tension were investigated. The scanning electron microscopy was utilized to observe the morphology and the diameter distribution of the fibers. And the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the combination among Qu, COS and PVA. The differential scanning calorimetry was conducted to analyze the thermal stability. The results show that the conductivity increased with COS and Qu content increasing, leading to thinner fibers. The Hydrogen bond was formed among the carbonyl groups of Qu and PVA, and the hydroxyl groups of COS. The electrospun Qu/COS/PVA nanofiber membranes had good thermal stability. The antibacterial test indicated that both COS and Qu had an antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli, and the Qu-loaded COS/PVA nanofiber membranes could significantly enhance the antibacterial property. The excellent antibacterial performance demonstrated that the Qu/COS/PVA nanofiber membranes could be the promising antibacterial materials. Seventy percent of glacial acetic acid was used as solvent to dissolve COS and Qu. Bead-free Qu, COS and PVA nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning. The Qu/COS/PVA nanofiber membranes had excellent antibacterial properties against E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contradiction between urban construction and sustainable development has led to an increasing demand for urban underground space (UUS). The value evaluation of urban underground space (UUSVE) is of great significance in promoting the rational development of UUS. Currently, no study has reviewed the literature on UUSVE. This paper provides a preliminary review of the legal basis and element composition of UUS, and the themes, evaluation objects, and evaluation methods of UUSVE, attempting to clarify the current status of UUSVE and analyze its future development trends. Finally, by summarizing the legal basis, element composition, research status and trends of UUSVE, three suggestions to strengthen UUSVE are proposed: (1) to strengthen the research on the shortcomings of UUSVE methods; (2) to build an evaluation index library and case library; and (3) to emphasize interdisciplinary collaboration, with a particular focus on the application research of machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed a miniature quadrupedal piezoelectric robot with a mass of 1.8 g and a body length of 4.6 cm. The robot adopts a novel spatial parallel mechanism as its transmission. Each leg of the robot has two degrees of freedom (DOFs): swing and lift. The trajectory necessary for walking is achieved by the appropriate phasing of these two DOFs. A new manufacturing method for piezoelectric actuators was developed. During the stacking process, discrete patterned PZT pieces are used to avoid dielectric failure caused by laser cutting. Copper-clad FR-4 is used as the solder pad instead of copper foil, making the connection between the pad and the actuator more reliable. The lift powertrain of the robot was modeled and the link length of the powertrain was optimized based on the model. The maximum output force of each leg can reach 26 mN under optimized design parameters, which is 1.38 times the required force for successful walking. The frequency response of the powertrain was measured and fitted to the second-order system, which enabled increased leg amplitudes near the powertrain resonance of approximately 70 Hz with adjusted drive signals. The maximum speed of the robot without load reached 48.66 cm/s (10.58 body lengths per second) and the payload capacity can reach 5.5 g (3.05 times its mass) near the powertrain resonance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molten salt and supercritical CO2 (sCO2) have been selected as the two most promising heat transfer fluids in the 3rd generation of solar thermal power generation, so it is very important to study their heat transfer and flow characteristics for the design of heat exchanger. This research studies thermohydraulic performance of molten salt and sCO2 in a printed circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) with different channel configurations. A PCHE unit with straight channel for molten salt and discontinuous fin for sCO2 was selected for the fin shape optimization of sCO2 side. Results show that the newly proposed Fin II channel can reduce the flow resistance of sCO2 compared with the airfoil Fin I, and Fanning friction factor can be decreased by 11.93% at the expense of Colburn factor decreased by 2.24%. The mechanism of heat transfer enhancement is analyzed by using field synergy principle, and the results show that the temperature field, velocity field and pressure field have better synergy in the Fin II channel. The optimal finned channel improves the comprehensive performance of PCHE, which contributes to the third generation of solar thermal power generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is currently experiencing a bloom driven by deep learning (DL) techniques, which rely on networks of connected simple computing units operating in parallel. The low communication bandwidth between memory and processing units in conventional von Neumann machines does not support the requirements of emerging applications that rely extensively on large sets of data. More recent computing paradigms, such as high parallelization and near-memory computing, help alleviate the data communication bottleneck to some extent, but paradigm- shifting concepts are required. Memristors, a novel beyond-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology, are a promising choice for memory devices due to their unique intrinsic device-level properties, enabling both storing and computing with a small, massively-parallel footprint at low power. Theoretically, this directly translates to a major boost in energy efficiency and computational throughput, but various practical challenges remain. In this work we review the latest efforts for achieving hardware-based memristive artificial neural networks (ANNs), describing with detail the working principia of each block and the different design alternatives with their own advantages and disadvantages, as well as the tools required for accurate estimation of performance metrics. Ultimately, we aim to provide a comprehensive protocol of the materials and methods involved in memristive neural networks to those aiming to start working in this field and the experts looking for a holistic approach. Memristors hold promise for massively-parallel computing at low power. Aguirre et al. provide a comprehensive protocol of the materials and methods for designing memristive artificial neural networks with the detailed working principles of each building block and the tools for performance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microfluidic technology applied for the controlled production of double emulsions has gained significant interest in biomedicine and material synthesis. The precise regulation of emulsion size depends on the in-depth study of the formation mechanism. A ternary multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann model with robust stability and multiphase accuracy is established and applied to investigate the formation mechanism of double emulsions within a flow-focusing microchannel. Integrated with the regularized and convective boundary conditions, the present model proves adept at simulating the complex multiphase flow behavior in microchannels under various properties and operation parameters. Extensive validations involving static and dynamic cases demonstrate the model accuracy in capturing three-phase interactions and multiphase flow fields while also significantly enhancing stability and accommodating a broader range of viscosity ratios. Our systematic investigation involves the influence of flow rate, viscosity ratio, interfacial tension ratio, and orifice section size on the formation of double emulsions. The results show the impact of flow rate on flow patterns and inner phase volume, revealing an expanded operation range of the dripping pattern brought by the increased outer phase flow rate. Notably, two distinct droplet formation mechanisms, i.e., shear mode and squeeze mode, are identified across a wide range of viscosity ratios. Additionally, the investigation of interfacial tension ratios focuses on assessing the effect of various interfacial tension combinations, while alterations in orifice width reveal its significant impact on shear strength and dispersed phase dynamics. This work deepens the understanding of double emulsion mechanics and offers a versatile platform for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter to the editor discusses the case of a 58-year-old man with Acute Wernicke Encephalopathy who underwent PET/CT imaging. The imaging revealed increased uptake in the midbrain, medial thalamus, and periaqueductal gray matter, which contrasts with previously reported decreased uptake associated with Wernicke encephalopathy. Treatment with vitamin B1 injection resulted in clinical improvement, and follow-up imaging showed decreased FDG uptake in the cerebral lesion areas. The study suggests that PET/CT can reflect glucose metabolism changes in vital organs affected by thiamine deficiency in Acute Wernicke's encephalopathy. [Extracted from the article]

This paper presents an enhanced version of YOLOv8 specifically designed for detecting damage in overhead power lines. Firstly, to improve the model's robustness, an adaptive threshold mechanism is introduced that can dynamically adjust the detection threshold based on the brightness, contrast, and other characteristics of the input image. Secondly, a novel convolution method, GSConv, is adopted in the YOLOv8 framework, which balances the model's running speed and accuracy. Finally, a lightweight network structure, Slim Neck, is introduced, effectively reducing the model's complexity and computational load while maintaining good performance. These improvements enable our YOLOv8 model to achieve excellent performance in detecting 'thunderbolt' and 'break' types of cable damage. Experimental results show that the improved YOLOv8 network model has an average detection accuracy (mAP) of 90.2%, a recall rate of 91.6%, and a precision of 89.8% on the 'Cable Damage Detection' dataset from RoboFlow for 'thunderbolt'. For 'break', the mAP is 86.5%, the recall rate is 84.1%, and the precision is 86.1%. Compared with the original YOLOv8 model, these indicators have been significantly improved, highlighting the high practical value and strong generalization ability of the proposed algorithm in detecting damage to overhead power lines. This also demonstrates the high practical value of the method in future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gradual aging of the global population has led to a surge in age-related diseases, which seriously threaten human health. Researchers are dedicated to understanding and coping with the complexities of aging, constantly uncovering the substances and mechanism related to aging like chronic low-grade inflammation. The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), a key regulator of the innate immune response, recognizes molecular patterns associated with pathogens and injury, initiating an intrinsic inflammatory immune response. Dysfunctional NLRP3 is linked to the onset of related diseases, particularly in the context of aging. Therefore, a profound comprehension of the regulatory mechanisms of the NLRP3 inflammasome in aging-related diseases holds the potential to enhance treatment strategies for these conditions. In this article, we review the significance of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the initiation and progression of diverse aging-related diseases. Furthermore, we explore preventive and therapeutic strategies for aging and related diseases by manipulating the NLRP3 inflammasome, along with its upstream and downstream mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipid metabolism in cancer cells has garnered increasing attention in recent decades. Cancer cells thrive in hypoxic conditions, nutrient deficiency, and oxidative stress and cannot be separated from alterations in lipid metabolism. Therefore, cancer cells exhibit increased lipid metabolism, lipid uptake, lipogenesis and storage to adapt to a progressively challenging environment, which contribute to their rapid growth. Lipids aid cancer cell activation. Cancer cells absorb lipids with the help of transporter and translocase proteins to obtain energy. Abnormal levels of a series of lipid synthases contribute to the over-accumulation of lipids in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Lipid reprogramming plays an essential role in the TME. Lipids are closely linked to several immune cells and their phenotypic transformation. The reprogramming of tumor lipid metabolism further promotes immunosuppression, which leads to immune escape. This event significantly affects the progression, treatment, recurrence, and metastasis of cancer. Therefore, the present review describes alterations in the lipid metabolism of immune cells in the TME and examines the connection between lipid metabolism and immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various yarn-shaped flexible strain sensors have recently been developed. However, research is lacking on additive manufacturing for smart clothing for integrating yarn sensors with commercial garments. Herein, a strain-sensing yarn is sewn into a piece of fabric through a novel stitching technique, and the influence of the stitching method and needle pitch on the sensing performance is investigated using finite element analysis (FEA). The sensing performance could be improved when the sensing yarn is self-locked in the fabric at the needle eyes, and the needle pitch was reduced to 0.5 cm, which is attributed to the enhanced stress and strain concentration. Meanwhile, the composite sensing fabric featured outstanding performance, including a low detection limit (0.1%), rapid response (280 ms), excellent durability (10000 cycles), and high stability (negligible drift and frequency independence). In addition, the remarkable wear resistance, washability, and anti-interference to ambient humidity and perspiration were obtained. Therein, the optimal stitch trace lengths of sensing yarn for detecting elbow motion, breathing, and heartbeats are discussed. Finally, a smart clothing system composed of smart clothing, data acquisition unit, and mobile APP was developed to simultaneously detect human movement and physiological signals. This work provides a reference to produce intelligent garments based on yarn sensors for health monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mixture Weibull distribution is widely used in the reliability analysis of lifetime data of components, especially for those caused by multiple failure modes. In order to accurately estimate the parameters of mixture Weibull distributions, an optimized expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is proposed based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The Weibull probability plot (WPP) method is introduced to determine the approximate values and rough limits of unknown parameters, and the approximate values will be used as the initial points in the optimization of the EM procedure. By taking the maximum of the Q function as the optimization goal and the rough limits of each parameter as the constraints, a parameter estimation model of the mixture Weibull distribution is built. The PSO algorithm has been introduced into the maximization step of the EM algorithm to deal with the transcendental equations. Numerical cases are used to illustrate the accuracy of our method in the parameter estimation for the mixture Weibull distribution, and an engineering case is used to show the application of our method in the reliability evaluation of components with multiple failure modes. Compared with the least squares estimation and the maximum likelihood estimation, our method shows advantages in both accuracy and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To present our experience with laparoscopic ureteroneocystostomy with bladder flap (LUCBF) for treating benign ureteral stenosis and evaluate its feasibility and efficacy. The clinical data of 27 patients with benign ureteral stenosis who underwent LUCBF were retrospectively analyzed. After identification and excision of the ureteral stenosis segment, the healthy ureteral stump was dissected and incised longitudinally. A U-shaped or spiral bladder flap was harvested from the anterolateral bladder wall for ureteroplasty. All patients underwent LUCBF successfully, including 14 patients were combined with psoas hitch technique, between 90 and 220 min (median, 155 min). The median length of ureteral defect was 6 cm (range, 5–17 cm). The median blood loss was 40 ml (20–150 ml). The median indwelling time of double-J stent was 8 weeks (range, 4–8 weeks). Five patients (10.6%) suffered postoperative complications during the follow-up period (range, 12–48 months), including fever, hematuria, urinary tract infection and recurrent stenosis. The success rate was 96.3% (26/27). Patients with long ureter defects had longer operative time and more blood loss than short ureter defects. LUCBF was a safe and feasible technique for benign ureteral stenosis. Long ureter defect was related to longer operative time and more blood loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation has become an active research area in viral infection, while little bibliometric analysis has been performed. In this study, we aim to visualize hotspots and trends using bibliometric analysis to provide a comprehensive and objective overview of the current research dynamics in this field. Methods: The data related to m6A methylation in viral infection were obtained through the Web of Science Core Collection form 2000 to 2022. To reduce bias, the literature search was conducted on December 1, 2022. Bibliometric and visual analyzes were performed using CiteSpace and Bibliometrix package. After screening, 319 qualified records were retrieved. Results: These publications mainly came from 28 countries led by China and the United States (the US), with the US ranking highest in terms of total link strength.The most common keywords were m6A, COVID-19, epitranscriptomics, METTL3, hepatitis B virus, innate immunity and human immunodeficiency virus 1. The thematic map showed that METTL3, plant viruses, cancer progression and type I interferon (IFN-I) reflected a good development trend and might become a research hotspot in the future, while post-transcriptional modification, as an emerging or declining theme, might not develop well. Conclusions: In conclusion, m6A methylation in viral infection is an increasingly important topic in articles. METTL3, plant viruses, cancer progression and IFN-I may still be research hotspots and trends in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the theory of energy distribution when divergent light undergoes harmonic conversion in KDP crystals, and based on this theory, we design and construct a precision measuring instrument for the detuning angle of (KDP) Crystals (MIDC). The device can obtain the detuning angle of the crystal by a single measurement with an average measurement error of 72.78 urad. At the same time, it also has the function of scanning the full aperture of the crystals. Using the MIDC, it is possible to quickly measure the KDP crystal at a single point and quickly scan the crystal detuning angle at full aperture. In addition, we conduct a theoretical study on the variation of detuning angle caused by gravity-influencing factors under online conditions, propose an optimization formula for the offline measurement results of detuning angle, and calculate the optimized values of detuning angle for two kinds of crystals under 45° online conditions. We finally study the error source of the MIDC device, analyze the trend of the influence of positioning errors of the crystal and optical elements on the detuning angle measurement results, and provide theoretical support for the error monitoring and correction of MIDC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In response to the shortcomings of the traditional A-star algorithm, such as excessive node traversal, long search time, unsmooth path, close proximity to obstacles, and applicability only to static maps, a path planning method that integrates an adaptive A-star algorithm and an improved Dynamic Window Approach (DWA) is proposed. Firstly, an adaptive weight value is added to the heuristic function of the A-star algorithm, and the Douglas–Pucker thinning algorithm is introduced to eliminate redundant points. Secondly, a trajectory point estimation function is added to the evaluation function of the DWA algorithm, and the path is optimized for smoothness based on the B-spline curve method. Finally, the adaptive A-star algorithm and the improved DWA algorithm are integrated into the fusion algorithm of this article. The feasibility and effectiveness of the fusion algorithm are verified through obstacle avoidance experiments in both simulation and real environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanocellulose has aroused growing attention in the design and fabrication of multifarious soft actuators thanks to its abundant source, appropriate mechanical properties, and sustainability. In this mini‐review, an up‐to‐date account of recent progresses in nanocellulose‐based actuators with homogeneous and heterogeneous structures is provided. The fundamental design concepts and synthesis strategies for nanocellulose‐based soft actuators with a wide array of micro‐architecture are described. Moreover, their actuation mechanisms, structure–function relationships, and emerging applications in the fields of soft robotics, biomedical science and bioelectronics are highlighted. Finally, a brief conclusion, the current challenges, and future perspectives in the development of nanocellulose‐based actuators is presented. This mini‐review provides new insights into the fundamental research and the technological application of advanced nanocellulose‐based soft actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the operation of MEMS gyroscopes, the feedthrough signal is inevitably introduced through the feedthrough capacitance and significantly affects the performance of MEMS gyroscopes. The common feedthrough cancellation methods highly depend on the microfabrication process and the structural symmetry of MEMS gyroscopes, which cannot effectively eliminate the feedthrough signal. In order to solve this problem, a new feedthrough cancellation method based on a fully differential configuration is proposed in this paper. The influence of the feedthrough effect is analyzed by establishing an equivalent circuit model including the feedthrough capacitance and described by the admittance diagram. Different drive and detection configurations are compared for the problem of feedthrough mismatch on different paths. Based on the theoretical analysis, a fully differential feedthrough cancellation scheme combined with two inverse feedthrough cancellation circuits is proposed. The deviation of feedthrough signal caused by the asymmetry of two differential paths can be adjusted by the two inverse feedthrough cancellation circuits. The fully differential configuration can further increase the drive force and suppress the common mode errors. The experimental results indicate that the feedthrough signal is suppressed in a large degree by the designed feedthrough cancellation method. The feedthrough level is reduced by 50.53 dB, and the amplitude of the effective signal increases from 4.10 to 9.46 dB. The signal-to-noise ratio has an improvement of 212.48% than that before feedthrough cancellation. The proposed feedthrough cancellation method can significantly reduce the interference of feedthrough signals on the effective signal, effectively improving the signal quality of MEMS gyroscopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antennas that share radiators with solar cells are applicable to collect energy and integrate radio frequency functions. In this paper, a solar cell integrated multiband antenna is proposed on the basis of Vivaldi antenna structure. Unlike prior research, it has the capacity to reconfigure working frequencies and radiation performance of the antenna through optical control of the solar cell. The purpose of reconfiguration is achieved by means of two switching diodes placed between the differential Vivaldi radiator and conducted via biasing from the solar cell. The integrated solar cell functions both as part of the radiator and as the biasing source for switching diodes. According to the simulation and measurement results, the antenna performs consistently at around 5 GHz, while the radiation performance can be reconfigured at 1.16 and 3 GHz under illumination. In this way, the proposed antenna can fulfill various functions such as green energy collection, wireless communication, and light detection, which makes it applicable in the Internet of Things for low‐power wireless sensor terminal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]