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Employers face many dilemmas in effectively implementing work–life flexibility to support employees' personal lives. A key issue is that some employees hold jobs with limited opportunities for work–life flexibility, making them susceptible to burnout; yet most employers believe they can do little to mitigate this dynamic. Furthermore, even when employees hold jobs with greater access to work–life flexibility, some do not take advantage of their flexibility to more fully engage in work and/or home roles. These issues are further exacerbated when supervisors are unsure of their role in supporting work–life flexibility. We identify work–life supportive context as a key factor that provides solutions to these dilemmas. Drawing on job demands resources theory, we posit that, when organizations provide work–life supportive training to supervisors, it promotes a work–life supportive context (i.e., signaling that the organization is supportive of employees' managing their work–life interface), which mitigates burnout for those with limited work–life flexibility and promotes engagement in work and home roles for those with greater work–life flexibility. Results from a year‐long randomized field experiment suggest that, in contexts with trained supervisors and lower employee control over work schedules and boundaries (i.e., lower work–life flexibility), emotional exhaustion is reduced. In contexts with trained supervisors and higher employee control over work boundaries (i.e., higher work–life flexibility), family engagement increases. Surprisingly, irrespective of job access to work‐life flexibility, supervisor participation in work–life support training did not enhance employee work engagement. Implications of our findings for fostering work–life supportive contexts are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study examines complexities in relationships between need satisfaction at work, need satisfaction at home, work‐to‐family enrichment (WFE) and well‐being (in terms of positive affect). Competing theoretical perspectives are offered regarding relationships between need satisfaction and WFE. The first perspective, based in a domain specificity approach focused on the directional nature of WFE, suggests that need satisfaction at work is what matters for employees' WFE, irrespective of their need satisfaction at home. Alternatively, a second perspective proposes that both need satisfaction at work and need satisfaction at home represent important factors in employees' experiences of WFE and that congruence (i.e. similarity) between these two constructs is what matters for WFE. Competing hypotheses are tested in a sample of 204 full‐time employees who completed both a work and home survey and were rated on well‐being at home by a significant other. Results support the first perspective for competence need satisfaction and relatedness need satisfaction, while the second perspective is supported for autonomy need satisfaction. For all three needs, indirect relationships are found with well‐being, both at work and at home, via WFE. Relevant theoretical and practical implications are discussed as well as suggestions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Youth may be reluctant to seek health care from school health providers due to feeling embarrassed or stigmatized in the health office environment or worried about their confidentiality. The purpose of this project was to create a set of youth‐centered health posters that promote youth engagement with nursing staff and to standardize health messaging across high schools in Hawaii school‐based clinics. METHODS: Two community advisory boards, 1 composed of 10 youth stakeholders (mean age 17 years) and the other of 7 adult stakeholders, informed poster development utilizing web‐based discussion groups. The discussions were transcribed, and additional data was collected using field notes and anonymous digital messages. Adult advisory board members also provided feedback on suggested poster text through an online survey. RESULTS: Youth and adult advisory board participants identified 4 key health concerns facing youth: confidentiality, sexual health, relationships, and mental health. Based on input from the 2 advisory boards, 4 posters were developed, each centered on 1 key health issue. IMPLICATIONS FOR SCHOOL HEALTH POLICY, PRACTICE, AND EQUITY: School‐based posters can convey important messages to help youth understand their health care rights and responsibilities, as well as identify important issues open for discussion with nurses. CONCLUSION: Posters are an underutilized tool for school health providers to create welcoming, inclusive health care environments and facilitate health‐related conversations with youth. This paper describes participant feedback about the characteristics of a memorable poster and briefly outlines current knowledge and recommendations for school health providers regarding each of the 4 health issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain is one of the common and painful symptoms in cancer patients. Pain affects the life of these patients and sometimes its effect is more than cancer itself. Several studies have investigated the effect of using various non-pharmacological interventions, including touch therapy, on reducing the pain of cancer patients, which have yielded different results. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of touch therapy on the relief of cancer pain. Also, in this study, the side effects and safety of this method were investigated. According to the results of various studies in this field, it seems that touch therapy can be used as a non-invasive nursing intervention to reduce the pain of cancer patients. Probably, by teaching touch therapy to nurses interested in this field, they can be employed in the field of working with cancer patients and reducing their pain. However, it seems necessary to conduct more clinical trials to confirm these contents. Based on the results of the studies, it should be mentioned that in the field of touch therapy, none of the studies have mentioned any significant complications. It seems that this method can be used as a safe method to reduce the pain of cancer patients. However, it is recommended to avoid giving large amounts of energy in limited sessions of touch therapy lasting 2 to 3 minutes, especially in children, the elderly, and people with head injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Adolescent access to quality healthcare is key to prevention and early intervention for health risk behaviors. This paper provides a healthcare provider perspective on barriers and facilitators to youth accessing care. Methods: Five focus groups were conducted from November to December 2020 with providers from a variety of healthcare settings. Participants were asked to describe their respective adolescent patient populations, adolescent-specific health concerns, and organizational accommodations specific for youth services. Transcripts were analyzed using Inductive Thematic Analysis and themes were grouped using a social-ecological framework. Results: At an individual level, providers noted that an adolescent's knowledge and ability to navigate services varied greatly across settings. Providers identified provider trust and parent/guardian support as key interpersonal factors that support adolescents' access to services. Organizational factors included bureaucratic barriers and the clinic's reputation among youth. Community factors centered on mistrust within healthcare systems and stigmatization of seeking certain types of services. Participants also described how state-level policies influence parent/guardian consent requirements, which can limit adolescents' access to care. Conclusion: Adolescent access to and utilization of healthcare in the United States is a complex problem requiring systems-level change. Healthcare organizations and providers have the opportunity and capacity to positively influence adolescents' healthcare access and experiences, however a lack of standardized, clinic-level priorities and guidelines can limit adolescent-centered care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most evidence-based teen pregnancy prevention programs focus on individual-level sexual health outcomes (e.g., STIs, pregnancy, teen births). To expand program and intervention approaches within teen pregnancy prevention (TPP), the Department of Health and Human Services funded two grantees, Innovative Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs (iTP3) and Innovation Next (IN) to support and enable early innovation to advance adolescent health and prevent teen pregnancy. The pipeline to support and enable innovation in adolescent health is complex, resulting in barriers and challenges to research and evaluation of novel programs. This paper presents some of the barriers encountered by the grantees. Data for this paper was collected from key personnel and secondary data sources. Focus group participants included seven representatives (n = 7) across the two organizations. Focus group questions assessed barriers related to innovative intervention development and evaluation. Key findings include four barriers to evaluation when fostering innovative adolescent-focused pregnancy prevention interventions. These included (a) funding constraints on evaluation activities, (b) innovation readiness for rigorous testing, (c) evaluation knowledge and expertise on innovation-development teams, and (d) challenges with evaluation requirements. Novel and promising system- and technology-focused interventions with the potential to impact TPP require alternative tools and approaches for evaluation. This would allow research to focus on how systems-level change mechanisms (i.e., policy, access to care) impact sexual risk behaviors and better understand ecological and social determinants of health for the priority population. The advancement of approaches to impact adolescent health identifies the need to expand the focus of evidence-based interventions beyond the adolescent themselves and understand approaches that impact external contexts and environments related to reducing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) risk-taking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latin America has experienced substantial development over the last three decades; however, development has been uneven with persistent inequalities, especially in the areas of maternal and child health. Since the early 1990s, most Latin American health-care systems have undergone a series of reforms to improve access to services, with the most recent being the implementation of integrated health service delivery networks (IHSDNs). This model posits that patients will receive better continuity of care and higher-quality health services and avoid duplicated efforts. While decreased maternal and infant mortality rates have been observed in the region since IHSDN implementation, there is limited evidence on this model's implications for maternal and infant care. The purpose of this study is to explore how IHSDNs affect access to and continuity of maternal and infant care in Latin America, according to the peer-reviewed literature. A scoping review was conducted systematically to identify peer-reviewed articles published since 2007 on studies that took place in Latin America, include IHSDNs, focus on the antenatal and/or postnatal period, include women and/or infants under 2 years of age and are written in English, Spanish or Portuguese. Seven studies (n  = 7) met the inclusion criteria for this review. Barriers identified were related to person-centred care (n  = 5) and logistical challenges (n  = 5). The most cited facilitator encompassed social support for women when accessing care (n  = 3). Potential solutions to improve care access included an improvement in the network structure and a greater focus on care provision, rather than regulations and compliance. Findings from this study suggest that the IHSDN model has the potential to improve care for women during pregnancy and post-birth if the model is implemented to its full extent. However, implementation of the model in Latin America is still weak, creating barriers for women when seeking care, particularly for disparate populations and those residing in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We build from justice and negotiation scholars' historical interest in interpersonal interactions and reciprocity to develop the notion of interactional justice congruence, which refers to the degree of reciprocity in negotiation dyad members' respectful and truthful treatment of one another. Yet, media richness theory holds that communication media differ in their provision of social cues and ability to interpret subjective information such as justice perceptions. Integrating social exchange theory tenets with media richness theory, we examine how communication medium influences the effects of negotiators' interactional justice congruence on their dyadic economic and social-psychological outcomes. Moderated polynomial regression and response surface analyses of data from 199 face-to-face and virtual negotiation dyads revealed that face to-face dyads' relationship conflict and outcome inequality were minimized when negotiators' interpersonal and informational justice perceptions were congruent--even if both negotiators perceived one another be disrespectful or deceptive. Virtual negotiation dyads did not experience this benefit. This suggests justice functions differently at the dyadic level in negotiations, such that justice needs to be similarly perceived by both face-to-face negotiators in order to produce dyadic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV infection of astrocytes leads to restricted gene expression and replication but abundant expression of HIV early genes Tat, Nef and Rev. A great deal of neuroHIV research has so far been focused on Tat protein, its effects on astrocytes, and its roles in neuroHIV. In the current study, we aimed to determine effects of Nef expression on astrocytes and their function. Using transfection or infection of VSVG-pseudotyped HIV viruses, we showed that Nef expression down-modulated glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. We then showed that Nef expression also led to decreased GFAP mRNA expression. The transcriptional regulation was further confirmed using a GFAP promoter-driven reporter gene assay. We performed transcription factor profiling array to compare the expression of transcription factors between Nef-intact and Nef-deficient HIV-infected cells and identified eight transcription factors with expression changes of 1.5-fold or higher: three up-regulated by Nef (Stat1, Stat5, and TFIID), and five down-regulated by Nef (AR, GAS/ISRE, HIF, Sp1, and p53). We then demonstrated that removal of the Sp1 binding sites from the GFAP promoter resulted in a much lower level of the promoter activity and reversal of Nef effects on the GFAP promoter, confirming important roles of Sp1 in the GFAP promoter activity and for Nef-induced GFAP expression. Lastly, we showed that Nef expression led to increased glutamate uptake and decreased glutamate release by astrocytes and increased astrocyte proliferation. Taken together, these results indicate that Nef leads to down-modulation of GFAP expression and alteration of glutamate metabolism in astrocytes, and astrocyte proliferation and could be an important contributor to neuroHIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global trend of increasing age diversity in workforces has called for research on understanding and managing age differences to better integrate employees across the lifespan into organizations. Integrating aging and lifespan development research and inclusion work, we conduct a daily diary study to investigate age differences in employees' responses to inclusion experience on a daily basis. In light of socioemotional selectivity theory, we argue that older workers exhibit stronger affective shifts (i.e., increase or upshift in positive affect and decrease or downshift in negative affect) in response to inclusion experience because they are likely to put higher value on social relationships, such that the daily effects of inclusion experience on changes in positive and negative affect are stronger for older (vs. younger) workers through the mediating mechanism of relationship value. We tested our hypotheses by surveying 128 employees from a manufacturing company for 10 consecutive workdays (N = 1248). We found that the daily effects of inclusion experience on affective changes were stronger for older workers through the mediation of higher relationship value. Changes in positive and negative affect, in turn, related to employees' work engagement over the course of a workday. Our study serves as an important initial step that examines age differences in affective responses to daily inclusion and sheds light on the importance of promoting workplace inclusion for older workers in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research on interrole (family-to-work and work-to-family) conflict has demonstrated that such conflict is detrimental for outcomes in the work and home domains for employees and their family members. Although research has begun to integrate multiple parties into the interrole conflict literature, studies have overlooked how employee interrole conflict and partner interrole conflict can jointly influence employee outcomes. We advance work–family research by integrating balance theory with the interrole conflict literature to investigate dyadic interrole conflict congruence and challenge the implicit assumption that less interrole conflict always results in superior outcomes. Using a polynomial regression analysis of 141 employee and romantic partner dyads, we demonstrate that congruence between couples’ experiences of family-to-work (but not work-to-family) conflict is positively associated with balance satisfaction, and ultimately employee job satisfaction and partner relationship satisfaction. Thus, when it comes to balance satisfaction and its downstream correlates, the harmful effects of high family-to-work conflict (FWC) are largely mitigated if an employee’s partner shares a similarly high level of FWC, and the beneficial effects of low FWC are largely eliminated if an employee’s partner does not share a similarly low level of FWC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A range of content analyses have recently sought to define the term "regenerative agriculture", which has gained a surge of attention in the last few years. However, these studies have not incorporated the voices of those using the term to define their work: the farmers, private companies, researchers, and NGOs giving energy to the movement. In this study, we conducted qualitative interviews with 19 stakeholders from across the United States. Key points of consensus were that regenerative agriculture moves beyond sustainability, is outcomes-based, and, as such, is context-specific: focusing on outcomes provides opportunities to be adaptive to a specific context and that, depending on one's context, different practices may be used to achieve target outcomes. We identified three categories of outcomes: climate adaptation and mitigation, socio-economic benefits, and integrated systems. We also found several opportunities within the energy of the movement. First, regenerative agriculture remains a "big tent" that is still accessible to a broad range of farmers. Participants also underscore the need to move toward systems-based research as opposed to reductionist research. Finally, we present participants' mixed perspectives on the role of government, the private sector, and third parties in moving regenerative agriculture forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Sexual Health And Peer Education (SHAPE) program implemented in middle schools in Oklahoma County utilizes a hybrid adult and peer educator model to deliver sexual health programming. While peer educators have been incorporated into school-based sexual health programs in the past, this program is unique in its approach to preparing and engaging peer educators. Researchers synthesized data from interviews with program implementers and focus group discussions with teenage peer educators and middle school students who recently participated in the program to understand the process elements that contribute to the benefit of the SHAPE program model. Interviews with program implementers described the thorough peer educator recruitment and training process. Teenage peer educators felt well-prepared to deliver lessons, and through this program, they developed leadership skills, confidence, and grew personally. Middle school students revealed that peer educators were relatable and provided a positive experience where they could engage and ask questions. The application of a hybrid adult and teenage peer educator model proved useful for delivering sexual health topics and benefited students and teenage peer educators. This study's findings highlight elements that can be utilized in future sexual health programming to prepare and engage teenage peer educators in more meaningful ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We compared sexual/reproductive health services and sexuality education topics provided in Texas alternative high schools (AHSs) with the prevalence of sexual risk behaviors among students in AHS. Using cross-sectional data from convenience samples of 14 principals, 14 lead health educators, and 515 students, we calculated descriptive statistics for 20 services and 15 sexuality education topics provided by AHSs and seven sexual risk behaviors among students in AHS. AHSs provided few sexual/reproductive health services and limited educational content, despite high levels of sexual risk taking among students. For example, no AHSs taught students about proper condom use, yet 84% of students have had sex. Findings provide preliminary evidence of unmet needs for school-based sexual/reproductive health services and comprehensive sexuality education in AHS settings. Future investigation with larger, representative samples is needed to assess the provision of sexual/reproductive health services and sexuality education in AHSs and monitor sexual risk behaviors in the AHS population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background There is a dearth of literature on how different domains of sitting time relate to other health behaviours. Therefore, this study aimed to explore these associations in a sample of office workers. Methods 7170 Northern Irish Civil Servants completed an online survey which included information on workday and non-workday sitting time in five domains (travel, work, TV, computer-use, leisure-time), physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking. An unhealthy behaviour score was calculated by summing the number of health behaviours which did not meet the current guidelines. Multinomial regressions examined associations between unhealthy behaviour score and each domain of sitting time. Results ≥7 hours sitting at work and ≥2 hours TV viewing on a workday both more than doubled the odds of partaking in ≥3 unhealthy behaviours [Odds ratio, OR = 2.03, 95% CI, (1.59–2.61); OR = 2.19 (1.71–2.80)] and ≥3 hours of TV viewing on a non-workday nearly tripled the odds [OR = 2.96 (2.32–3.77)]. Conclusions High sitting time at work and TV viewing on a workday and non-workday are associated with increased odds of partaking in multiple unhealthy behaviours. Interventions need to focus on these domains and public health policy should consider sitting time as an important health behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite evidence that affect shapes perceptions of workplace relationships, the role of affect in the reciprocal exchange process of leader–member exchange (LMX) theory is often overlooked. We argue that this is likely due to a continued focus on global assessments of LMX quality, rather than examination of the reciprocal, interlocked actions and reactions that take place daily between members of the dyad. A leader's affective state may indeed spark this reciprocal exchange process on a daily level and ultimately shape the state of the leader–follower relationship. In this study, we integrate LMX theory and emotions‐as‐social‐information (EASI) theory to examine how the leader's negative and positive affective states uniquely contribute to the reciprocal exchange process. In doing so, we advance understanding of the distinction of state LMX as well as the unique process for leader's negative affective state within the reciprocal exchange process. Using a 15‐day experience sampling methodology study of 76 leader–follower dyads, we find that a leader's positive and negative affective states transmit effects along the affective and inferential paths posited in EASI theory to influence follower performance on a daily basis. Interestingly, a leader's positive affective state is stronger along the affective path and a leader's negative affective state is stronger along the inferential path. We also find that leaders reciprocate the daily shift in follower performance with OCBI directed toward the follower. Finally, as expected, the reciprocal exchange process alters state LMX (leader rated). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Teen pregnancy prevention in the United States has traditionally focused on the development, testing, and subsequent implementation of a set of evidence-based programs (EBPs), recommended nationally. However, these existing EBPs often do not prioritize the most at-risk or vulnerable populations. Methods: The Innovative Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs (iTP3) project was funded to facilitate the development of new, innovative programs to reach disparate populations. Through a mixed methods design, iTP3 evaluated the process and resulting innovative programs from five iterative cohorts of funded organizations, referred to as Innovators. iTP3 utilized both a traditional funding model with more traditional methods of capacity building assistance, but transitioned over time to a design-focused funding model in which organizations and individuals developed innovative programs through an intensive human centered design process. Results: Evaluation results showed that the resulting portfolio of programs had differences in the types of programs resulting from the differing funding models. Notable differences among programs from the two funding models include program length, along with personnel, time, and resources needed to develop and manage. Conclusion: Both traditional and design funding models led to innovative programs, with notable differences in the development process and resulting programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Game-based learning offers an interactive and effective way to teach health content and skills. This article discusses feasibility testing of Using the Connect (UTC), an innovative, game-based sexuality education program to evaluate its acceptability among youth. Utilizing mixed methods in a single case study design, qualitative and quantitative data was collected from youth (surveys, facilitated discussions, and observations). Qualitative data triangulated quantitative findings that youth liked the program design, felt the games and content were relatable, and learned knowledge and skills around adolescent development, accessing information, communication, and making healthy decisions through playing the games. Overall, UTC was highly acceptable to the youth; they had fun and learned information and skills. Not only would most participants recommend the program to friends, all reported they would participate in the program again and use the information they learned in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy are primarily manifested as impaired behaviours, glial activation/neuroinflammation and compromised neuronal integrity, for which there are no effective treatments currently available. In the current study, we used doxycycline-inducible astrocyte-specific HIV Tat transgenic mice (iTat), a surrogate HAND model, and determined effects of PNU-125096, a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) on Tat-induced behavioural impairments and neuropathologies. We showed that PNU-125096 treatment significantly improved locomotor, learning and memory deficits of iTat mice while inhibited glial activation and increased PSD-95 expression in the cortex and hippocampus of iTat mice. Using α7 nAChR knockout mice, we showed that α7 nAChR knockout eliminated the protective effects of PNU-125096 on iTat mice. In addition, we showed that inhibition of p38 phosphorylation by SB239063, a p38 MAPK-specific inhibitor exacerbated Tat neurotoxicity in iTat mice. Last, we used primary mouse cortical individual cultures and neuron-astrocytes co-cultures and in vivo staining of iTat mouse brain tissues and showed that glial activation was directly involved in the interplay among Tat neurotoxicity, α7 nAChR activation and the p38 MAPK signalling pathway. Taken together, these findings demonstrated for the first time that α7 nAChR activation led to protection against HAND and suggested that α7 nAChR modulator PNU-125096 holds significant promise for development of therapeutics for HAND. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study assessed the prevalence of verbally being put down by others and intrapersonal and normative factors associated with being put down by others among middle and high school students. Students (N = 1,027) completed the Adolescent Health Risk Behavior Survey. Over 16% of participants reported being put down at school. Students who identified with the negative words confused, unattractive, dull, and careless and identified less with the positive words popular, smart, considerate, cool, and self-confident reported being put down by others. High school students were less likely to be put down. As students scored higher on the Negative Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down increased. As students scored higher on the Positive Self-Description Scale, their odds of being put down decreased. Students who perceived their friends drinking alcohol regularly were less likely to be put down. Strategies to enhance self-perceptions to raise self-awareness and form healthy/positive identities are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research demonstrates that depersonalization is harmful for employee outcomes. In addition, research is beginning to examine employees' family context along with their experiences both at work and at home. We advance these literatures using shared reality theory as a foundation for investigating couples' dyadic agreement surrounding employee depersonalization and its implications. Using polynomial regression and response surface methodology of data from employee‐significant other dyads, in Study 1, we find that agreement between partners on employee depersonalization is associated with lower work‐to‐family conflict (following general shared reality theory arguments) and increased subsequent recovery for the employee. In Study 2, we examine more specific shared reality theory arguments using the same analytic approach. We show that agreement between partners on employee depersonalization is associated with less distress and an increased perception that one's depersonalization is understood, and ultimately increased recovery for the employee via reductions in distress. Taken together, these results suggest the harmful effects of depersonalization are largely minimized if an employee's partner accurately recognizes their depersonalization. Interestingly, our collective results show it is better for employees to have agreement with their partners surrounding a high level of employee depersonalization than have low levels of depersonalization accompanied by disagreement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past two decades the availability of eBooks to library users has increased exponentially despite continued financial challenges. In this study, four librarians examined eBook and print book usage to determine the best way to allocate collection funds. After determining which subjects were being used, the researchers surveyed students across all campuses and sites to discover the users' preferences for, and knowledge of, the library's collections. The study resulted in an improved distribution of funds and insight into what could be better emphasized in bibliographic instruction sessions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research to date on leader behaviors such as justice rule adherence, abusive supervision, and ethical leadership has found a clear linkage between such behaviors and employees' work attitudes and performance. Historically, and surprisingly, understanding of what initiates these impactful leader behaviors is much more limited, and only recently have scholars begun to examine their antecedents. Thus, the goal of our integrative review is to advance cumulative knowledge of why leaders are fair, ethical, and nonabusive—which we refer to collectively as principled leader behaviors. Our review is structured around a framework of four theoretical lenses that elucidate what initiates and perpetuates such behaviors: interpersonal motives, focused on relational explanations; instrumental motives, centered on these behaviors as a means to some end goal; moral motives, which characterize these leader behaviors as an end in themselves; and self-regulation and disposition, focused on leaders' automatic inclinations and capacity to enact these behaviors. We not only synthesize previously fragmented findings of what shapes principled leader behaviors, but also highlight areas of overlap and distinction across them. Extending our framework, we highlight the interplay of lenses and critical research avenues to better understand why leaders treat followers in beneficial and not harmful ways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: LinkedUp is a multi-sector partnership focused on linking older teens (ages 17-19) to sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services at school-based health centers (SBHCs) in Mississippi. The purpose of this study was to examine key partnerships in LinkedUp development, focusing on community needs that initiated the formation of the partnership, and patterns of collaboration among these partners. Methods: In 2018, researchers conducted interviews (N = 3) and focus groups (N = 9) with Mississippi school administrators and high school and college students. In 2019, evaluators examined collaboration between these community partners (N = 6) using an interorganizational network analysis survey. Results: Thematic analyses of qualitative data indicated a need to commit to linking older teens to SRH services by increasing communication/ planning among community stakeholders. Network analysis scores included an average network density of 1, strength of tie of 3.04, and degree centrality of 4.6 (SD = 1.4) for partners. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate how community stakeholders inform the development of a public health program as critical partners during both needs assessment and program development phases. This information can be used by practitioners and policymakers interested in addressing complex, community-level health issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hispanics experience a higher prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than non-Hispanics. Specifically, Hispanic teenagers are more at risk for HIV, have close to four times the rate of primary and secondary syphilis, and close to two times the rate of chlamydia and gonorrhea compared with non-Hispanic white teenagers. Hispanic youth engage in sexual activity at a younger age than non-Hispanic white youth and are less likely to use condoms in these encounters, thereby contributing to increased rates of teenage pregnancy and STIs. Prevention of STIs is needed for unmarried Hispanic teenage mothers. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Project Mothers and Schools (Project MAS), a support program for parenting teenagers, changed condom use to prevent STIs among Hispanic participants. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted among 84 Hispanic teenage mothers. Generalized estimating equations were used to identify factors associated with participants' reported condom use to prevent STIs. Results: Overall, participants were 3.21 times more likely to report condom use to prevent STIs from baseline to 12-month follow-up (p = 0.030). Those using condoms to prevent pregnancy at 12-month follow-up were significantly more likely to report using a condom to prevent STIs (OR = 3.23, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Participation in Program MAS improved condom use patterns for STI prevention. These services and supports have potential to change unmarried Hispanic teenage mothers' condom use behaviors and decrease STI infection disparities among the teenage Hispanic population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the USA, persons of Hispanic ethnicity experience higher rates of adolescent pregnancy and STIs than non-Hispanic white youth and there exists a lack of research concerning the sexuality education preferences of Hispanic adolescents. This study describes sexual health education preferences by Hispanic ethnicity among a high-risk sample of young people aged 14–20 years in Texas. Data were collected from participants in a teenage pregnancy prevention programme. Questions included preferred topics, provider of information and learning modality. Just over half of the participants was Hispanic (60%), nearly all participants were sexually experienced (96%) and more than half had been pregnant or caused a pregnancy (66%). Hispanic participants were significantly less likely to want to learn about sexual health from parents compared to non-Hispanic participants. Hispanic participants were also significantly less likely to prefer to learn about puberty and adolescent development, or to select role-playing as a preferred learning modality. Findings from the study provide evidence about the kind of sexual health topics US Hispanic adolescents are interested in as well as from who they prefer to receive sexuality education. Understanding these educational preferences can be useful to inform future policy and programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous research has shown that individuals belonging to multiple marginalized groups experience higher levels of psychological distress, which is linked to experiencing discrimination based on their multiple marginalized identities. One way that gay and bisexual men of color face discrimination is in the dating and sexual situations within the men who have sex with men community, which is sometimes termed sexual racism. Previous research has found that experienced discrimination on the basis of their race/ethnicity is positively related to depressive symptoms. The present study examined whether psychological flexibility mediates the effect of experiencing sexual racism on psychological distress. In this study, 439 men of color who have sex with men completed a series of questionnaires online on Amazon Mechanical Turk. Results showed that the indirect effects of experiencing sexual racism through psychological flexibility on depression (95% CI .22, .39), anxiety (95% CI .15, .29), and stress (95% CI .18, .33) were significant while controlling for demographic variables. Therefore, this model showed that psychological flexibility mediated and explained the effect of experiencing sexual racism on psychological distress. Clinical implications and future avenues of research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, leader-member exchange (LMX) research has primarily examined member outcomes, such as member attitudes and performance. However, little research exists regarding outcomes specific to the leader. Focusing on the leader-member dyad, we develop a framework of leader outcomes resulting from resource exchanges with members. We propose specific resource substitutes and discuss the impact of LMX quality on the leader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seventy-two college athletic directors (ADs) participated in a survey about (a) previous experience with sport psychology consultants (SPCs), (b) previous exposure to the field, and (c) attitudes toward sport psychology consulting. ADs were confused about appropriate training for SPCs, highlighted by the fact that 66.7% were unaware of any certification for SPCs. Although ADs' attitudes toward SPCs did not differ based on previous experience with SPCs, there was a statistically significant difference between ADs who were aware of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) and those who were unaware. Results demonstrate the need to educate potential employers regarding appropriate qualifications for SPCs. The discussion culminates with suggestions for future research and recommendations for enhancing effectiveness of outreach programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The longitudinal, multisource, multimethod study presented herein examines the role of employees' work-family integration in the spillover of daily job satisfaction onto daily marital satisfaction and affective states experienced by employees at home. The spillover linkages are modeled at the within-individual level, and results support the main effects of daily job satisfaction on daily marital satisfaction and affect at home, as well as the moderating effect of work-family integration on the strength of the within-individual spillover effects on home affect. That is, employees with highly integrated work and family roles exhibited stronger intraindividual spillover effects on positive and negative affect at home. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a correction notice for an article titled "Addressing Evaluation Barriers with Early Innovation Development for Adolescent-Focused Sexual and Reproductive Health Interventions." The article was originally published without open access on September 1, 2023, but the authors later decided to make it available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The correction notice states that the original article has been corrected. The publisher, Springer Nature, remains neutral regarding jurisdictional claims and institutional affiliations. The authors of the article are Kelly L. Wilson, Sarah Axelson, Whitney R. Garney, Kristen M. Garcia, Katy Suellentrop, and Christi H. Esquivel. [Extracted from the article]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to address the barrier to care experienced by LGBTQIA+ populations by binary language for gender, sexual orientation and relationship status. Design/methodology/approach: The authors review the research that shows linguistic barriers are a significant obstacle to healthcare for LGBTQIA+ communities. The authors describe both a process and revisions for addressing language bias in psychiatric intake/research research materials as well as quantify its impact in an adult psychotherapy clinic in a public hospital. Findings: Patients self-identified their gender, sexual orientation and relationship status in a variety of ways when not presented with binaries and/or pre-established response choices. In addition, the non-response rate to questions decreased and the authors received positive qualitative feedback. The authors also present the revisions to the intake/research materials. Practical implications: Other healthcare settings/clinicians can revise language in order to remove significant barriers to treatment and in doing so, be welcoming, non-pathologizing and empowering for LGBTQIA+ consumers of mental health services (as well as for non-LGBTQIA+ consumers who are in non-traditional relationships). Social implications: This work is one step in improving healthcare and the healthcare experience for LGBTQIA+ communities and for those in non-traditional relationships. Originality/value: This work is set in a public safety-net hospital providing care for underserved and diverse populations. This paper describes the process of revising psychiatric materials to be more inclusive of the range of self-identity are: gender, sexual orientation and relationship status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 20 years, teenage birth rates in the United States have declined substantially but continue to persist among certain populations. During this time period, a series of rigorously tested teen pregnancy prevention (TPP) programs were developed, and a number of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) emerged. In April 2017, researchers reviewed EBIs in TPP and examined each program's socioecological levels of intervention, measurements approaches, and other ecological aspects. Findings indicate that the majority of TPP EBIs are aimed at the individual and/or interpersonal level of intervention. Furthermore, the programs were evaluated using the individual as the unit of analysis, regardless of what level the EBI targets. These findings represent serious gaps, specifically a lack of system-, environmental-, and policy-level EBIs. Future TP approaches should target multiple levels of social ecology, ensure measurements appropriately capture changes within these levels, and shift to a focus on a longer term population health improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Violent behaviors have devastating impacts on youth and adolescents. National standards offer a framework for age and developmentally appropriate health education expectations. This study provides findings from a systematic review and analysis of teen dating violence (TDV) prevention curricula using National Sexuality Education Standards (NSES) and National Health Education Standards (NHES). METHODS: Evidence‐based and/or practice informed interventions for TDV prevention were compiled and analyzed. We used a standardized review instrument to analyze each curriculum (N = 11); each curriculum was reviewed independently and results met inter‐rater agreement requirements. Data were analyzed to determine NSES and NHES inclusion. RESULTS: This study provides findings from the TDV prevention curriculum analysis using the NSES. Five NSES topic areas were addressed in the TDV prevention curriculum and included personal safety, healthy relationships, identity, sexually transmitted diseases and human immunodeficieny virus, and pregnancy and reproduction. Personal safety was the most included topic and ranged from 37% to 77%. Healthy relationships were the second most included NSES and ranged from 11% to 53%. Inclusions of NHES skills, as they are embedded within the NSES, are identified. CONCLUSIONS: Curricula decision‐makers gain insight by conducting reviews before recommendations are made or the adoption process is complete. The NSES and NHES support expectations for TDV prevention and can guide curricula adoption for a school or district. School professionals should work together to ensure TDV prevention curricula complements sexuality education units. While TDV curricula may cover critical topics, a singular focus on one content area cannot replace comprehensive sexuality education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a public health concern because of its association with cancer. HPV vaccine rates among college students remains low. This is a critical catch-up age for individuals to receive the HPV vaccine and research shows parents still play a role in college students’ medical decision-making. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine factors related to college women making a solo decision to initiate the HPV vaccination in comparison to making a joint parent-daughter decision. Data collected using an internet-delivered questionnaire were analyzed from 799 college women who had initiated or completed the HPV vaccination. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to compare study variables on who decided the participant should be vaccinated (self-decision, parent-only decision, joint parent-daughter decision). Participants who were older (OR 1.68, p < 0.001) and sexually active (OR 4.97, p < 0.001) were significantly more likely to have made a solo decision to be vaccinated. Participants who completed the HPV vaccination (OR 0.33, p < 0.001) and those who talked with a parent about the HPV vaccine (OR 0.12, p < 0.001) were significantly less likely to have made a solo decision to be vaccinated. Findings indicate joint parent-daughter decisions may improve HPV vaccination cycle completion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents the optimization and critical evaluation of continuous capture chromatography in the downstream process of a recombinant enzyme. For the upstream manufacturing of this molecule, a perfusion process was implemented due to benefits for product quality and productivity. This process is, however, characterized by low titer and significant changes over the course of the harvest duration in terms of active enzyme concentration and impurity content. We evaluated the feasibility and benefits of a continuous capture operation. This case study illustrates the design approach that can be utilized to address challenges presented by a changing feedstream, and the statistical measures that can be employed to characterize and optimize the operating space under material and time constraints. Process economic modeling in conjunction with Monte Carlo simulations indicate that even for a nonaffinity capture step utilizing a relatively cheap ion‐exchange resin, the smaller column volume used in a continuous set‐up results in cost savings compared to the batch process. We compare this option to the scenario of repeated processing using a small capture column in batch mode. Our analysis establishes that continuous processing becomes economically attractive for processes where only a small portion of the potential column lifetime can be utilized or for column steps with slow mass transport and shallow breakthrough curves. In cases where column breakthrough is sharp and resin lifetime is relatively short, continuous processing may offer an improvement over traditional batch processing, but much of the productivity and cost savings can be realized through repeated column cycling. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2018 © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:1195–1204, 2018 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]