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Introduction: Abnormalities in the secretory and endocrine functions of the kidneys are often diagnosed in patients with chronic kidney disease and undergoing haemodialysis, leading to disturbances in body homeostasis. Frequent multimorbidity is an additional factor that negatively affects homeostasis. These factors contribute to a decrease in cardiopulmonary fitness, deterioration of the patient's psychophysical status, and, consequently, a decrease in quality of life. Due to several limitations of rehabilitation in this group of patients, solutions are constantly being sought to safely avoid or reduce the problems resulting from the above health burdens. Among the least invasive methods are magnetic stimulation and properly prepared and administered kinesitherapy. Aim of the study: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of magnetic stimulation and kinesitherapy on selected blood parameters in haemodialysis patients. Material and methods: The study covered 26 people. Six patients received magnetic stimulation and kinesitherapy, 10 received only kinesitherapy, and the others were in the control group. At baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks, blood tests were performed in all three groups to evaluate changes in the parameters studied (RBC, Hb, HCT, WBC, PLT, Na ions, K ions, Cl ions, urea, Pi, tCa, ALP and parathormone). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the blood parameters studied, except for urea. The urea level in the group where patients underwent magnetic stimulation and exercise increased in the second collection but decreased in the third, whereas in the exercise-only group, it showed an increasing trend in all 3 collections. Conclusions: The levels of the assessed blood parameters do not show statistically significant changes (except for urea). However, one can observe certain non-statistically significant changes in the assessed blood parameters that are more noticeable in the study groups than in the control group. Therefore, it can be suspected that both treatments involving magnetic stimulation in combination with exercise and exercise alone have an impact on the human body. However, further research in this area is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study aim: To evaluate circulating lipoproteins, glucose, insulin and the index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in male Polish students with normal BMI and waist circumference (WC) in the context of their physical activity. Material and methods: A total 170 male students with normal BMI and WC less than 102 cm were accepted for the study (56 sedentary and 114 physically active). Body weight and height were determined using standard medical equipment. Waist circumference was measured using non-stretchable tape. The percentage of body fat was determined from the sum of the thickness of four skinfolds. Circulating lipoproteins, glucose and insulin level was determined. Results: Active participants had significantly lower plasma TC, LDL-C, TC/HDL ratio, LDL/HDL ratio, insulin and HOMA-IR compared to sedentary subjects (P < 0.001). However, even among active participants, as many as 58% were characterized by high TG, 17% high TC, 12% high LDL-C and 20% high TG/HDL ratio. Conclusion: In male students with normal body composition according to BMI and WC distorted metabolic variables were observed. Additionally, physical activity markedly decreased but not eliminated these disturbances. Thus, using BMI and WC for body composition classification as healthy possibly provide a false results concerning metabolic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of WHT.5R to determine metabolic risk in Polish college students of both sexes. Material and methods: In all volunteers, body weight, body height, and waist circumference were measured and a waist-to-height ratio 0.5 (WHT.5R) was calculated. Of all volunteers, only those with WHT.5R ≤ 0.726 were included in further procedures (132 males, 162 females). Circulating glucose, insulin, triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol were determined. Plasma concentrations of non-HDL-cholesterol and HOMA-IR were calculated. Results: In the male group, there was a significantly higher percentage of participants with disturbed lipid profiles, with 20.4% and 28.0% for TC and non-HDL-C, respectively compared to females (13.0% and 9.9%, respectively). No sex-related differences were noted in the percentage of participants with disturbed circulating HDL-C, glucose, and HOMA-IR. Pronounced metabolic disturbances were noted despite WHT.5R values that did not exceed the established cut-off. Conclusions: In the study population, WHT.5R turned out not to be a reliable index of metabolic disturbances and health risks. However, WHT5.R showed sex-related differences in metabolic profile and confirmed lower metabolic risk in female compared to male students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]