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A novel 3D MOF [Cd2(IPA)2L0.5(CH3OH)] (CUST‐535) (H2IPA=isophthalic acid; L=9,10‐bis(N‐benzimidazolyl)‐anthracene) with rectangular 2D layer has been rationally synthesized under solvothermal conditions using ligand L with fluorescence properties. CUST‐535 displays a fascinating 6‐connected 3D network based on the point symbol {36 ⋅ 418}. The excellent structural stability of CUST‐535 was also verified by PXRD and TGA. Remarkably, thanks to the presence of the anthracene‐based chromophore, CUST‐535 exhibits strong blue light emission and shows sensitive and rapid fluorescence "turn‐off" detecting of trace amounts of 2,4,6‐trinitrophenol (TNP) and nitrofurantoin (NFT) in DMF. The limit of detection (LOD) for TNP and NFT are 0.374 μM and 0.675 μM, respectively. In the end, the mechanisms of fluorescence quenching have also been systematically studied through theoretical calculations and experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nuclear symmetry energy around or below saturation density has been extensively studied and roughly pinned down, while its behavior at suprasaturation densities is rather uncertain. Related experimental studies are being carried out or planned at facilities that offer radioactive beams worldwide. Towards the physical goal of probing the nuclear symmetry energy at high densities, π measurements in the medium nuclei 132Sn + 124Sn collisions at 300 or 200 MeV/nucleon incident beam energies are ongoing at the Radioactive Isotope Beam Facility at RIKEN in Japan. However, our studies show that the observable π−/π+ ratio in the 132Sn + 124Sn reactions at 300 or 200 MeV/nucleon incident beam energies mainly probes the symmetry energy around the saturation density. Only the π−/π+ ratio in the heavy reaction system and at relatively high incident beam energies may mainly probe the symmetry energy at suprasaturation densities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact parameter dependence of π-/π+ ratio is examined in heavy-ion collisions at 400 MeV/nucleon within a transport model. It is shown that the sensitivity of π-/π+ ratio on symmetry energy shows a transition from central to peripheral collisions; that is, the stiffer symmetry energy leads to a larger π-/π+ ratio in peripheral collisions while the softer symmetry energy always leads this ratio to be larger in central collisions. After checking the kinematic energy distribution of π-/π+ ratio, we found this transition of sensitivity of π-/π+ ratio to symmetry energy is mainly from less energetic pions; that is, the softer symmetry energy gets the less energetic pions to form a smaller π-/π+ ratio in peripheral collisions while these pions generate a larger π-/π+ ratio in central collisions. Undoubtedly, the softer symmetry energy can also lead more energetic pions to form a larger π-/π+ ratio in peripheral collisions. Nevertheless, considering that most of pions are insufficiently energetic at this beam energy, we therefore suggest the π-/π+ ratio as a probe of the high-density symmetry energy effective only in central at most to midcentral collisions, thereby avoiding the possible information of low-density symmetry energy carried in π-/π+ ratio from peripheral collisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of supersymmetric quantum mechanics method, we study by an algebraic method the arbitrary l-wave bound states of the Schrödinger equation for the hyperbolical molecular potential by a proper approximation to nonlinear centrifugal term. The explicitly analytical formula of energy levels is derived, and the corresponding bound state wave functions are presented. The function analysis method is used to rederive the same energy levels of the quantum system under consideration to check the validity of this algebraic method. In addition, it is shown from numerical results of energy levels that above certain α parameter depending on the choices of potential parameters V1 and V2 the hyperbolical molecular potential cannot trap a particle as it becomes weaker and the energy level starts to turn positive when the potential parameter α becomes larger. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Muscle force estimation (MFE) has become more and more important in exploring principles of pathological movement, studying functions of artificial muscles, making surgery plan for artificial joint replacement, improving the biomechanical effects of treatments and so on. At present, existing software are complex for professionals, so we have developed a new software named as concise MFE (CMFE). CMFE which provides us a platform to analyse muscle force in various actions includes two MFE methods (static optimisation method and electromyographic-based method). Common features between these two methods have been found and used to improve CMFE. A case studying the major muscles of lower limb of a healthy subject walking at normal speed has been presented. The results are well explained from the effect of the motion produced by muscles during movement. The development of this software can improve the accuracy of the motion simulations and can provide a more extensive and deeper insight in to muscle study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The continuous states of the l-wave Schrödinger equation for the diatomic molecule represented by the hyperbolical function potential are carried out by a proper approximation scheme to the centrifugal term. The normalized analytical radial wave functions of the l-wave Schrödinger equation for the hyperbolical function potential are presented and the corresponding calculation formula of phase shifts is derived. Also, we interestingly obtain the corresponding bound state energy levels by analyzing analytical properties of scattering amplitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the framework of the Dirac theory, the relativistic bound states for the trigonometric Pöschl-Teller (PT) potential are obtained in the case of spin symmetry. It is found from the numerical results that there exist only positive energy states for bound states in the case of spin symmetry. Also, the energy levels approach a constant when the potential parameter α goes to zero. The special case for equally scalar and vector trigonometric PT potential is also studied briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper finds the approximate analytical scattering state solutions of the arbitrary l-wave SchrÄodinger equation for the generalized Hulthén potential by taking an improved new approximate scheme for the centrifugal term. The normalized analytical radial wave functions of the l-wave Schrödinger equation for the generalized Hulthén potential are presented and the corresponding calculation formula of phase shifts is derived. Some useful figures are plotted to show the improved accuracy of the obtained results and two special cases for the standard Hulthén potential and Woods-Saxon potential are also studied briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approximate analytical bound and scattering state solutions of the arbitrary l-wave Klein–Gordon equation for the second Pöschl–Teller like potential are carried out by a new approximation to the centrifugal term. The analytical radial wave functions of the l-wave Klein–Gordon equation with the second Pöschl–Teller like potential are presented and the corresponding energy equations for bound states and phase shifts for scattering states are derived. It is well shown that the poles of S-matrix in the complex energy plane correspond to bound states for real poles and scattering states for complex poles in the lower half of the energy plane. Some numerical results are calculated to show the improved accuracy of our results and the special case for s-wave is also studied briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approximately analytical bound and scattering state solutions of the arbitrary l-wave Klein-Gordon equation for the mixed Manning-Rosen potentials are carried out by an improved new approximation to the centrifugal term. The normalized analytical radial wave functions of the l-wave Klein-Gordon equation with the mixed Manning-Rosen potentials are presented and the corresponding energy equations for bound states and phase shifts for scattering states are derived. It is shown that the energy levels of the continuum states, reduce to the bound states of those at the poles of the scattering amplitude. Some useful figures are plotted to show the improved accuracy of our results and the special case for wave is studied briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The approximately analytical bound and scattering state solutions of the arbitrary l wave Klein–Gordon equation for mixed Eckart potentials are obtained through a proper new approximation to the centrifugal term. The normalized analytical radial wave functions of the l wave Klein–Gordon equation with the mixed Eckart potentials are presented and the corresponding energy equations for bound states and phase shifts for scattering states are derived. It is shown that the energy levels of the continuum states reduce to those of the bound states at the poles of the scattering amplitude. Two special cases — for the s wave and for l = 0 and β = 0 — are also studied, briefly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We proposed a scheme to implement the entanglement swapping based on cavity QED. Using this scheme, we can obtain the entanglement swapping with the success probability of 100% for a two atoms system and a three atoms system respectively, and the entanglement swapping is insensitive to both the cavity decay and thermal field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]