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Chronic Pelvic Pain (CPP) is defined as severe pain that persists continuously or intermittently for six months or longer in women, is unrelated to sexual intercourse or menstruation, is likely to cause functional limitation, and requires medical treatment. Osteitis Condensans Ilii (OCI) and Pelvic Congestion Syndrome (PCS) are known causes of CPP. Sacroiliac joint Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can show different clinical mimickers of sacroiliitis and pelvic pain causes such as OCI and PCS. In this study, our aim was to investigate the frequency of OCI and PCS in patients referred to our clinic for Sacroiliac joint MRI due to low back-pelvic pain and to analyze their association with age, presence of sacroiliitis and multiparity. The the data of 700 female patients who attended the hospital with complaints of low back pain were investigated and it was found that the number of births experienced by the patient significantly correlated with OCI (OR:3.3) and PCS (OR:5.1). Even when MRI shows no evidence of sacroiliitis in a multiparous woman admitted with low back pain, these two differential diagnoses should still be considered by clinicians and radiologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine long-term outcome of infants with isolated or multiple soft markers but no structural or chromosomal abnormalities.Methods: A retrospective study of 78 pregnant women who were referred for amniocentesis and found to have soft markers including echogenic intracardiac focus/foci (EIF), echogenic bowel (EB), unilateral or bilateral choroid plexus cysts, (UCPCs or BCPCs) mild pyelectasis and single umbilical artery but no structural anomalies and outcomes of the liveborns with a 4- to 9-year follow-up was conducted.Results: Among 28 fetuses with EIF, allergic asthma and epilepsy were diagnosed in two liveborns. We followed up nine pregnancies with EB, epilepsy was present in one case. Allergic asthma was detected in both UCPCs and BCPCs, whereas epilepsy and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were diagnosed in two liveborns with BCPCs. Twelve liveborns with multiple soft markers were evaluated; no pathology was detected in most of them except one case of allergic asthma, one case of hearing impairment and one case of ADHD.Conclusions: This study shows longer-term favorable outcomes of the liveborns with isolated or multiple soft markers without any aneuploidy and may provide insight into this debated point. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cumhuriyet Medical Journal is the property of Cumhuriyet Medical Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity of platelet count (PC) and indices, including mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and platelet crit (PCT), in identifying the pregnancies at risk for preeclampsia. Demographic data and laboratory tests for PC, MPV, PDW and PCT of 250 pregnant women (100 normotensive pregnants, 121 pregnants with severe preeclampsia and 29 pregnants with mild preeclampsia) were retrospectively analyzed. Platelet counts and indices were compared between the study groups. MPV and PDW were significantly higher in preeclamptic pregnant women when compared to the normal group (p=0.006, p=0.046) and area under ROC curve for MPV was found statistically significant. PC, MPV and PCT were found significantly increased in late-onset preeclampsia (p<0.05) whereas there was no significant difference in these three indices in terms of severity of the disease. ROC analysis for MPV levels to differentiate earlyonset and late-onset preeclamptic cases was also found statistically significant. Measurement of MPV may contribute to identify the pregnants at risk for preeclampsia and assess the onset-time. PDW may be also useful in detection of the pregnant at risk for preeclampsia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovaries are the female organs that age more quickly than other tissues such as the uterus, the pituitary gland or pancreas. Different from males, an interesting question is why and how the females lose fertility so rapidly. During the aging process, both the number and quality of the oocytes in the ovaries decrease and reach to a point beyond that no more viable offspring may be produced and the associated cyclic endocrinological activities cease, entering the menopause in females at an average age of 50 years. Females who delayed childbearing with or without their willing until their 30 years or 40 years constitute the largest portion of the total infertility population. Ovarian reserve tests (ORTs) provide an indirect estimate of a female’s diminishing ovarian reserve or remaining follicular pool. This article briefly reviews recent progresses in relation to ovarian aging and ORTs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Society of Obstetrics & Gynecology / Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği Dergisi is the property of Turkish Society of Obstetrics & Gynecology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To evaluate the results and the necessity of chromosome analysis in fetuses prenatally detected with a neural tube defect and to determine the significance of ultrasonographic evaluation for the identification of underlying or accompanying chromosomal anomalies. Methods: Ninety fetuses that underwent prenatal and/or postnatal chromosome analysis after being diagnosed with open neural tube defects (NTD) between the years 2006 and 2010 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Ondokuz Mayis University School of Medicine were included in this study. Detailed fetal ultrasonography was performed in all cases in order to investigate any additional anomalies. Karyotype was determined in the prenatal period by amniocentesis in 72 (80 %) of the 90 fetuses, and by cordocentesis in 5 (5.5 %). In 13 (13.3 %) fetuses, karyotype was determined in the postnatal period by blood sampling. Results: Fourteen (15.5 %) of the 90 fetuses were diagnosed with acrania/anencephaly, 14 (15.5 %) with encephalocele, 2 (2.2 %) with iniencephaly, 60 (66.6 %) with open spina bifida. None of the 90 fetuses with open NTD who had undergone chromosome analysis was diagnosed with chromosomal anomalies. None of the 19 (21.1 %) fetuses diagnosed with additional ultrasound findings had a chromosomal abnormality, either. Seventy-one (78.9 %) fetuses having sonograhically isolated NTD were also isolated in postmortem examination. Conclusion: In fetuses with open NTD, we could not find the chromosomal anomaly rate as high as reported in previous literature. The necessity of fetal karyotyping should be questioned especially in isolated cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of UbcH10 expression in the differential diagnosis of benign, hyperplastic, and malignant endometrial tissues and also the relationship of UbcH10 with the clinicopathologic parameters of malignant cases. A tissue microarray was performed for 81 endometrial curettage biopsies, which histological diagnosis had demonstrated to be 13 cases of proliferative endometrium, 7 cases of disordered proliferative endometrium, 5 cases of complex atypical hyperplasia, 24 cases of nonatypical hyperplasia, and 32 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Expression of UbcH10 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. When groups were compared according to UbcH10 percentages and scores, a statistically significant difference was found only between the carcinoma group and the other groups, except the complex atypical hyperplasia group (P < .05). In the malignant group, UbcH10 percentages and scores were only significantly related to age. There was no significant association between UbcH10 expression and tumor grade and stage. Overexpression of UbcH10 may be a useful indicator of endometrial carcinoma. UbcH10 also deserves further evaluation in the detection of prognostic mean and also for its role in endometrial carcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Peritoneal tuberculosis predominantly involves the omentum, intestinal tract, liver, spleen, and genitourinary tract and occurs in 1-4% of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Peritoneal tuberculosis may mimic a pelvic mass in imaging studies and also may increase CA-125 levels. Peritoneal tuberculosis may also produce massive ascites, and intraperitoneal gross appearance might be similar to the peritoneal carcinomatosis. Therefore, peritoneal tuberculosis is often confused with advanced-stage epithelial carcinoma because of similar clinical, radiologic, and laboratory findings and later intraoperative findings. Materials and methods: The pathology records between January 2000 and August 2008 were retrospectively reviewed at 19 Mayis University Hospital. Twenty-two patients were found to have peritoneal caseating necrosis. A total of 13 out of 22 patients were found to have high CA 125 level. Results: Among these 13 patients, 8 patients received/are receiving anti-tuberculous therapy after they were incidentally diagnosed with peritoneal tuberculosis. Conclusion: Increased CA 125 levels should be evaluated carefully prior to aggressive surgical approach, especially in premenopausal women and frozen section evaluation should be done before extensive surgical procedure if there is any suspicion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a rare renal tumor of early infancy with a favorable outcome after complete surgical removal. It consists of a heterogeneous group of spindle cell tumors. Early and accurate prenatal diagnosis of the renal tumor may improve the outcome of affected pregnancies by implementing the best strategy for prenatal management and delivery. But detection of congenital mesoblastic nephroma in a fetus is rare. To the authors' knowledge, there are fewer than 30 reports of a prenatal diagnosis of a mesoblastic nephroma in the literature. This case describes the prenatal sonographic diagnosis of cellular congenital mesoblastic nephroma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: In the present study, we aimed to compare the effects of cetrorelix and leuprolide on endometriosis. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, single-blind, experimental study was performed on 45 Wistar adult female rats in the Experimental Surgery Laboratory at Ondokuz Mayis University. After the peritoneal implantation of endometrial tissue, rats were randomized to three equal intervention groups: (i) control group, (ii) leuprolide group, and (iii) cetrorelix group. Six weeks later, following implant volume measurements (volume-1) by performing a second laparotomy, saline (0.1 cc/rat) was administered subcutaneously to the control group once a week, leuprolide (0.075 mg/kg) subcutaneously to the leuprolide group twice at 4-week intervals and cetrorelix (0.001 mg/rat/day) subcutaneously to the cetrorelix group for 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, by performing a third laparotomy, implant volumes were remeasured (volume-2) and implants were totally excised for histopathological examination. The volume-1 and volume-2 values within the groups, and stromal and glandular tissue scores between the groups were compared. Results: In both the leuprolide group and the cetrorelix group, volume-2 as compared to volume-1 had significantly reduced ( P < 0.01, P < 0.01 respectively), while there was no significant volume change in the control group ( P > 0.05). In this group, when compared with the control group, glandular and stromal tissues had significantly lessened ( P < 0.01, P < 0.01 respectively). Conclusion: Leuprolide and cetrorelix were found to have similar efficacy in the regression of both the size and the histological structure of experimental endometriotic implants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article we review the historically important cases of conjoined twins (Biddenden Maids, Siamese twins, Blazek sisters) and contemporary knowledge regarding incidence, etiopathogenesis, antenatal diagnosis, antenatal management, and outcome of conjoined twins. We also present a case of male cephalothoracoomphalopagus, which is extremely rare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This prospective, single-blind and controlled clinical study aimed to research if CA-125 levels could be a useful test in the differential diagnosis of intact and ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy. Methods: Sixty-five women with tubal ectopic pregnancy of 5–10 weeks’ duration (27 women with ruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy [REP] and 38 women with unruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy [UREP]) and 65 women with normal intrauterine pregnancy (NIUP) of the same gestational age were studied prospectively. Serum CA-125 levels were measured in all women and these levels were compared among the REP, UREP, and NIUP groups. Results: The mean CA-125 levels didn’t show any significant difference between the REP and NIUP groups ( P > 0.05). The mean CA-125 levels of these two groups were higher than that in the UREP group ( P < 0.01, P < 0.001, respectively). The dispersion ratios of the CA-125 levels had a statistically significant difference between the REP and UREP groups (χ2: 42.44, P < 0.0001). CA-125 levels weren’t correlated with gestational weeks in the REP and UREP groups (r: 0.005, P > 0.05; r: 0.008, P > 0.05, respectively). Conclusion: In intact tubal ectopic pregnancies, expectant or managed with medical treatment, the increase of CA-125 levels in the serial measurements could be a supplementary test for an early diagnosis of tubal rupture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective . To analyze the cause of changing maternal mortality ratios (MMRs) in a tertiary women's health center in Turkey in the last eight years. Materials and methods . Charts of patients seen between 1998 and 2005 were retrospectively reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test. The results were accepted to be significant when the p value was <50.05. Results. During this period, 27 pregnancy-related deaths were identified via hospital death records. The MMR was found to have decreased in rate by approximately 50% from 822.2/100 000 live births in the previous report including the years 1978–1997 to 412.0/100 000 during the last eight years (p<50.01). Pregnancy-induced hypertension was still the most frequent cause of maternal death. The decrease in MMR was due to the decrease in the ratio of maternal infection (26.4% in 1978–1997 to 7.4% in 1998–2005, p<50.01). Conclusion. Although treatment in the antenatal care and health service has decreased maternal deaths, it was discovered that the MMR has not reached the optimum levels found in developed countries in the last eight years. Also the percentage of direct obstetric deaths (with the exception of those caused by infection) showed no change and was similar to that found in the previous report (1978–1997). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and preeclampsia. Methods: Demographic data and laboratory tests for NLR of 203 pregnant women (73 normotensive pregnants, 23 pregnants with mild preeclampsia and 107 pregnants with severe preeclampsia) were retrospectively analyzed. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios were compared between the study groups. Results: Preeclamptic pregnant women had smaller gestation weeks, lower hemoglobin level and fetal birth weight than that of normal pregnant women. NLR in preeclamptic group was significantly higher than that of normal group ( p = 0.023) and area under ROC curve was found statistically significant ( p = 0.023). However, there was no statistically significant relationship between NLR and severity, proteinuria level, subjective symptoms and onset time of the disease. Conclusion: The findings showed that the measurement of NLR periodically may be useful to predict high-risk pregnancies in terms of preeclampsia, but further studies are needed to determine its contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a case of pure gonadal dysgenesis with streak gonads in which spontaneous conception occurred 10 years after the diagnosis. Her pregnancy proceeded as normal, and she gave birth to a live baby at term by cesarean section. A lactation period lasting for 1 year and afterwards proceeded as amenorrheic. Gonadotropins measurements in post-lactational period were at the menopausal levels again. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pure gonadal dysgenesis with streak gonads in which spontaneous conception occurred. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]