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Background: Pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma (PHE) is an unusual vascular tumor of intermediate malignancy that rarely metastasizes and tends to arise in the lower limbs of young adults and children. Histologically, PHE shows fascicular proliferation of eosinophilic spindle cells and/or epithelioid cells showing "pseudomyogenic" morphology. Immunohistochemically, PHE is usually positive for vimentin, cytokeratin, CD31 and ERG. Method: We examined FOSB immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 27 cases consisting of 4 PHE and its histologic mimics including 6 epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas (EHE), 8 angiosarcomas (AS), 4 Kaposi sarcomas (KS) and 5 epithelioid sarcomas (ES). In addition, we performed IHC of CAMTA1 which has recently been established as a useful marker of EHE. We elucidated the diagnostic utility of FOSB IHC in the differential diagnosis of PHE and its histological mimics and also examined the usefulness of FOSB and CAMTA1 IHC combination in the differential diagnosis of the tumors. Results: IHC revealed diffuse and strong FOSB expression in all PHE cases, while the other tumor types demonstrated limited, weak or no FOSB expression. All EHE cases exhibited diffuse and moderate to strong expression of CAMTA1. All tumor types except for EHE showed limited, weak or no CAMTA1 reactivity. Conclusions: Diffuse and strong FOSB expression was specific for PHE in the current series and FOSB IHC is an effective tool for differentiating between PHE and its histological mimics. Moreover, the combination of FOSB and CAMTA1 IHC is useful for distinguishing PHE from EHE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose ? To give an overview of the problems that can occur with base laminate materials when converting to lead-free soldering and to give guidance on possible solutions. Design/methodology/approach ? The paper contains a number of correlations between different physical measurements and their impact on real-life processing conditions. The problem areas are highlighted and the corrective actions that need to be taken with base materials are described. Findings ? Results suggest that conventional FR4 resins might still be suitable for standard lead-free applications that require only a few reflow cycles. However, with the growing complexity of board designs and the increasing number of solder cycles, better thermally resistant products are necessary. Other key resin parameters such as adhesion or toughness are also essential to enhance reliability. Originality/value ? The value of the paper lies in its provision of guidance on critical base material properties. It describes the change in physical properties that laminates will experience when moving to the higher temperatures needed for facilitate lead-free assembly. Selection criteria for base materials are given that will help to minimise the impact of these higher temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary synovial sarcoma is a rare but aggressive disease. The present study describes the case of a 68-year-old female with pulmonary synovial sarcoma. The patient was mistakenly treated for small cell lung cancer due to false-positive staining for synaptophysin and cluster of differentiation 56. Despite severe myelotoxicity, platinum-containing chemotherapies (cisplatin plus irinotecan and carboplatin plus etoposide) were not effective. As a third-line therapy, the patient received amrubicin (AMR) monotherapy. A partial response was achieved, and the patient was able to undertake ordinary daily life at home for 13 months from the initiation of AMR chemotherapy. Due to the atypical clinical condition and unusual response to chemotherapy in this patient, the pathological examination was repeated. The SS18 split-signal was detected in fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. From these results, the tumor was diagnosed as a monophasic synovial sarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a patient with pulmonary synovial sarcoma who underwent successful treatment with AMR. The present case could demonstrate a specific chemosensitivity of such a rare tumor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]