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Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are potent neurotoxins produced by certain microalgae, particularly dinoflagellates, and they can accumulate in shellfish in coastal seawater and thus pose significant health risks to humans. To explore the relationship between toxicity and PST profiles in seawater and mussels, the spatiotemporal variations in PST concentrations and profiles were investigated along the southern coast of Korea under peak PST levels during spring. Seawater and mussel samples were collected biweekly from multiple stations, and the toxin concentrations in the samples were measured. Moreover, the dinoflagellate community composition was analyzed using next-generation sequencing to identify potential PST-producing species. The PST concentrations and toxin profiles showed substantial spatiotemporal variability, with GTX1 and GTX4 representing the dominant toxins in both samples, and C1/2 tending to be higher in seawater. Alexandrium species were identified as the primary sources of PSTs. Environmental factors such as water temperature and salinity influenced PST production. This study demonstrates that variability in the amount and composition of PSTs is due to intricate ecological interactions. To mitigate shellfish poisoning, continuous monitoring must be conducted to gain a deeper understanding of these interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the media industry, in which public interest has been discussed, the importance of corporate social responsibility is magnified again. There is less literature on how to measure corporate social responsibility in the media industry. This study aims to develop an instrument to measure corporate social responsibility in the media industry. Using data from 253 experts in the communication area, this study verifies the proposed instrument. Results show that corporate social responsibility in the media consists of three major constructs, namely credibility, usefulness and fairness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum dots are ideally suited for color conversion owing to their high conversion efficiency and narrow emission bands. However, the inorganic quantum dots are still vulnerable to moisture attack unlike inorganic phosphors, and two sheets of barrier films are essential components to protect them. Therefore, a color conversion film containing quantum dots is thick and expensive. In this study, we present a facile approach to fabricate highly stable and efficient color conversion film using organic fluorescent molecules. A color conversion film was fabricated with simple roll‐to‐roll coating process without additional protective layer. Luminance of the film remained unchanged even after 1,000 hrs in operating blue LED corresponding to 1000 nit at 60 ℃. We believe that our approach opens a new pathway to fabricate inexpensive and highly performing color conversion films for a wide color‐gamut display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]