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Coffee is in high demand on the global market due to its distinctive scent. Part of the coffee is coffee waste which needs be processed to increase its economic worth. One of the efforts made is to vary the fermentation process with the ELF magnetic field on cascara. Thus, the purpose of this study was to optimize the effect of the ELF magnetic field fermentation process on cascara robusta coffee to reduce caffeine content. We utilized an experimental study. The results demonstrated that a magnetic field affected the levels of caffeine, trigonellin, and bacteria during the fermentation process. Caffeine and trigonelin test results for each treatment in the control and treatment groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to study the role of book reading style and the emotional quality of parents on children's cognitive abilities. Participants are families who participate in family literacy programs in Indonesia. The research sample is 150 parents and children who are involved in the family literacy program in the Bandung area, Indonesia. The correlational design was used in this study to see the role of parental style in reading books and the emotional quality of parents when interacting with children on children's cognitive abilities. The families involved are bilingual families who use more than one language in their family. The results showed that parents' book reading style (direct text reading/extratextual talk), emotional quality, and language use were factors that greatly influenced children's cognitive abilities. Extratextual reading style is a reading style that is considered superior in improving children's cognitive abilities compared to direct text reading style. In addition, reading will be more optimal in increasing children's grasping power if it is accompanied by quality parental emotions. This study provides implications that can be used as guidelines for stakeholders in providing signs for parents in an effort to improve children's literacy at preschool age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]