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Aims: This paper examines the relationship between observational behavior and the observers' result assumptions, using a contained diagram that includes significant non-verbal information, such as gestures. The ability of care workers to assess a patient's mental status on the basis of non-verbal information would be considered an important skill necessary to understanding patient condition. Methods: One hundred and eleven subjects were asked to take a test exploring two types of psychological status, and their eye movements were monitored during testing. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships among eye movements, individual personalities, and test results. Results: In stimulus 1, the neuroticism of the personality was determined. In stimulus 2, openness was determined in the range of eye movement. There is a relationship between the total length of eye fixation time and the answer time at the eye fixation point. Although there was no significant influence found in stimulus 1, the openness still tended to influence the eye fixation point. Conclusions: The eye fixation point increased among those people with high openness scores. It was theorized that they attempted to obtain information from the stimulus being provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To revise the psychopharmacology algorithms for the treatment of mood disorders published in 1999 in Japan. Methods. The algorithms were established based on clinical psychopharmacological evidence, the results of a questionnaire survey sent to 200 Japanese psychiatrists, and the consensus of all the research members. Results. Six categorized algorithms have been developed, i.e. mild or moderate major depression, severe non-psychotic major depression, psychotic depression, mania, bipolar depression, and rapid cycling mood disorder. Conclusion. The revised algorithms will be helpful for the treatment of mood disorders in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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We have shaped a practical and rational treatment algorithm for major depression. This algorithm is based on evidence obtained by collecting documents from overseas and within Japan, considering the actual state of drug selection in Japan. Because of the characteristics of the drug treatment algorithm, there are several items that are important but could not be discussed, such as psychotherapy, light therapy, and so-forth. Both mild and moderate depression are outlined on the same algorithm because these two cannot be distinguished from the perspectives of pharmacotherapy available in our country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]