1. Reduction of Multi‐Port Water Distribution Networks Using the Generalized Thevenin Theorem.
- Author
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Balireddy, Raman, Chakravorty, Anjan, Bhallamudi, S. Murty, and Kuiry, S. Nath
- Subjects
WATER distribution ,HYDRAULIC circuits ,HYDRAULIC engineering ,ELECTRIC circuits ,IDEAL sources (Electric circuits) ,ELECTRIC circuit networks - Abstract
Expansion and reorganization of water distribution networks by connecting sub‐networks via single or multiple pipes are common practices in developing cities to serve newly developed areas. In that context, the existing large network is often replaced with its equivalent simplified network for the optimal design of the upcoming sub‐networks to avoid the computational burden. The reservoir‐pump model is frequently used by practicing hydraulic engineers to replace an existing one; however, such a model should be applied only when the networks are connected through a single pipe. In this study, a new network reduction methodology is developed for multi‐port connections utilizing the analogy between electrical circuits and hydraulic networks. The equivalent simple network is obtained by suitably applying the generalized Thevenin theorem for electrical circuits. The number of network elements in the equivalent network is significantly reduced compared to the ones obtained by the existing water distribution network (WDN) reduction methods. Therefore, it is possible to reorganize and expand a large existing network system from a prior knowledge of its most sensitive parts. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed methodology are investigated on realistic WDNs by comparing the results with EPANET, for both Demand Driven Analysis and Pressure Driven Analysis. However, as of now, an electrical simulator is required to implement the proposed methodology due to the absence of current dependent voltage source model in hydraulic simulators. The proposed network reduction method can be of enormous utility for hydraulic engineers and opens up an opportunity to implement new elements in hydraulic simulators. Plain Language Summary: Rapid urbanization requires the existing water distribution network to be reorganized or expanded. The extended network requires multiple simulations for optimal design considering various constraints such as cost, variable nodal demands, etc. For this purpose, a computationally efficient network is required to be generated using a network reduction method. The practicing hydraulic engineers frequently use the reservoir‐pump model to replace an existing network. But such a model should be applied when the networks are connected through a single pipe. The present study explores the application of the Thevenin theorem for electrical circuits to reduce an existing network. The main advantage of this method is that the number of reduced network elements is significantly less than the ones obtained by applying any other existing water distribution network (WDN) reduction methods. The Thevenin network is then connected to the sub‐network planned for the expanded region for analysis. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed network reduction methodology are investigated on realistic WDNs by comparing the results with the established hydraulic simulator, EPANET. The proposed methodology can be a handy tool for hydraulic engineers to reorganize and expand existing WDN to new areas. Key Points: The concept of equivalent network is used for expansion and reorganization of a large water distribution networkAn analogy between electrical circuits and hydraulic pipe networks is utilized to reduce large water distribution networksThe reduced network can be connected to sub‐networks for detailed analysis without sacrificing accuracy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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