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Childhood metabolic syndrome (MetS) is prevalent around the world and is associated with a high likelihood of suffering from severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease later in adulthood. MetS is associated with genetic susceptibility that involves gene polymorphisms. The fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) encodes an RNA N6-methyladenosine demethylase that regulates RNA stability and molecular functions. Human FTO contains genetic variants that significantly contribute to the early onset of MetS in children and adolescents. Emerging evidence has also uncovered that FTO polymorphisms in intron 1, such as rs9939609 and rs9930506 polymorphisms, are significantly associated with the development of MetS in children and adolescents. Mechanistic studies reported that FTO polymorphisms lead to aberrant expressions of FTO and the adjacent genes that promote adipogenesis and appetite and reduce steatolysis, satiety, and energy expenditure in the carriers. The present review highlights the recent observations on the key FTO polymorphisms that are associated with child and adolescent MetS with an exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of increased waist circumference, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia in child and adolescent MetS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the significant role of the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) gene in obesity, the underlying mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Besides, vitamin D deficiency and obesity are mostly seen together, and it can be hypothesized that this nutrient may have an impact in the role of FTO genotype in adiposity. Objective: Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism with eating behaviors, eating disorders, and general mental health in overweight adults, considering their vitamin D intake as a mediate confounding factor. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 197 overweight adults in Shiraz, Iran. Genotyping was performed through amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS PCR). Mental health, vitamin D intake, eating behaviors and disorders were assessed by the validated questionnaires. Results: The risk allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism (A) was significantly associated with a higher risk of eating behavior and mental health disorders (all P < 0.05). After considering vitamin D intake, the AA genotype carriers had significantly higher risks for poorer eating behavior (P = 0.002), mental health (P = 0.007), and general mental health (P = 0.039) compared with the TT carriers if they had insufficient vitamin D intake. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results indicated that the A-allele of the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism may be associated with poorer eating behaviors, mental health, and higher risk of eating disorders. It was also identified that the effect of FTO rs9939609 A risk allele on eating behavior and mental health may be limited to people with insufficient vitamin D intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Context: Variations in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) has been associated with obesity in many populations, but the results are conflicting. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene on obesity risk and plasma leptin, adiponectin, insulin and lipid concentrations in Tunisians. Materials and methods: Four hundred and ninety-four subjects with obesity and 334 non-obese participated in this study. The rs9939609 (T/A) genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results: Significant differences in genotype frequencies were observed between cases and controls. In the separate analysis by gender, the association between the AA genotype and obesity was statistically significant in women but not in men. After stratification by obesity class this association remains only with obesity class III. Discussion: Our study is in agreement with studies on Caucasian, Portuguese and Cebu Filipino populations where a gender-specific association was found between rs9939609 polymorphism and obesity. It is also in agreement with studies on Mexican, Spanish and European populations, where an association was found with obesity class III. Conclusion: The rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene is associated with obesity, especially obesity class III in women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus are the most important reasons in mortality all over the world. It's clear that reviewing of relationship between Tuberculosis (TB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) is necessary; on the other hand it's found that FTO gene has the positive relationship with metabolic issues. Therefore, it's necessary pay attention to the above and dangerous sicknesses, especially in field of genetic sciences. Hence, our purpose is investigation of relationship between polymorphism rs9939609 polymorphism of FTO gene, TB and DM. With regards to the findings, it was concluded that there was considerable relationship between FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism and DM and also it was notable development of TB among diabetic people. It can be stated that there is an indirect relationship between FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism and TB sickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]