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We describe the development and testing of a novel pre–sign-out quality assurance tool for case diagnoses that allows for the random review of a percentage of cases by a second pathologist before case verification and release of the final report. The tool incorporates the ability to record and report levels of diagnostic disagreement, reviewers’ comments, and steps taken to resolve any discrepancies identified. It is expandable to allow for the review of any percentage of cases in any number of subspecialty or general pathology "benches" and provides a prospective instrument for preventing some serious errors from occurring, thereby potentially affecting patient care in addition to identifying and documenting more general process issues. It can also be used to augment other more conventional methods of quality control such as frozen section/final diagnosis correlation, conference review, and case review before interdisciplinary clinicopathologic sessions. There has been no significant delay in case turnaround time since implementation. Further assessment of the tool’s function after full departmental application is underway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]