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The problem of researching weapons distribution strategies to ensure effective combat operations in a military conflict zone is being formed and solved. The relevance of the study is related to the solution of the task of an operational-tactical nature in order to establish the military parity of forces in the conditions of the introduction of various equipment into the combat zone (CZ), which has different characteristics of combat capability from the set of warehouses and suppliers, with long supply chains. The problems that arise when establishing military parity of forces with the help of various weapons with different indicators of combat capability, the limited capabilities of suppliers, and the complications of supply logistics are analyzed. It is shown that asymmetric solutions, according to military equipment, are possible because of the use of technological innovations and high indicators of the combat effectiveness of weapons. It was concluded that the establishment of military parity of forces is possible thanks to the use of rational strategies for the distribution of weapons, which is an urgent problem in the conditions of modern hybrid warfare. Thus, this paper proposes a study of possible strategies for the distribution of weapons by CZ in conditions of threats of martial law of the country. The current study creates models that allow for the evaluation of possible arms distribution strategies, considering the diversity of military equipment, limited capabilities of suppliers, and risks associated with long logistics supply chains. Using set-theoretical analysis, methods of combinatorics, and enumeration theory, a systematic presentation of the distribution process of weapons is created. Possible strategies for the distribution of weapons by CZ to establish military parity of forces are formed and analyzed. Optimization models have been created for the rational distribution of military equipment under conditions of limited capabilities of manufacturers in terms of costs, production terms, and risks of arms supply. A simulation model is being developed to study the dynamics of the logistical process of distribution and supply of weapons in agent representation using the AnyLogic platform. Modeling allows you to analyze the impact of threats to the main indicators of the distribution and supply of weapons. An illustrative example of the distribution of weapons by CZ of a military conflict is presented. The scientific novelty of this research is related to the solution of the actual problem of the rational distribution of various military equipment by CZ in the conditions of modern hybrid warfare. The results of this study should be used for operational-tactical planning of the logistical process of distribution and supply of weapons to solve the problem of establishing military parity of forces in the CZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The issues of creating a method for solving a multi-criteria task of the importance and risk (hazard) assessment of trunk pipeline objects (sections) are considered. The method is developed on the basis of the analytic hierarchy process. Each object (section) of trunk pipelines is characterized by a set of particular criteria that have their own scale of possible values of different physical nature and different dominance in determining the overall object importance. In this regard, there is a problem of transition from estimates by physical parameters to dimensionless assessment using some membership function. The study proposes an approach to automating the process of assessing objects by particular parameters in the analytic hierarchy process. For this purpose, a method is proposed that allows experts to be excluded from the process of filling in the paired comparison matrix based on the formation of a system of rules. Having a vector of criteria importance and guided by a system of rules, it is enough to specify the actual values of criteria for each alternative to compare objects. Based on this method, a model has been developed that allowed experimental studies to be carried out in the developed software. This method, as well as the developed importance assessment and decision-making software, is used in the automated system of electrochemical protection of main pipelines. The results of evaluating the importance of criteria for the task of risk assessment of gas pipeline sections are presented. The results obtained and their practical implementation in the management of main gas pipelines confirmed the effectiveness of the developed method. This allows you to make decisions in situations where it is necessary to carry out a multi-criteria selection of currently effective solutions and management strategies, assess risks, prioritize elements and coordinate actions for modernization or development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the multi-criteria task of optimizing the operating modes of cathodic protection stations (CPS), considering monitoring data, geological conditions at the pipeline installation site, climatic or seasonal changes, and other factors. The relevance of this research is associated with a comprehensive solution to the problem of increasing the durability and reliability of trunk pipelines to reduce accidents at their facilities by ensuring the efficiency of electrochemical protection (EChP) systems. The problems of existing EChP systems are analyzed, where the elimination of anode zones ("lack of protection") due to cathodic polarization is carried out without operational consideration of environmental conditions, as a rule, with a margin in terms of protective potential, which often leads to "overprotection", resulting in increased power consumption, gas formation on the metal surface, and detachment and wear insulation of pipelines. The aim of this research is to create a method for optimal regulation of the operation modes of the main pipelines and an adaptive electrochemical protection system that provides control and parameter management of cathodic protection stations, considering changes in external conditions on individual linear sections of main pipelines. Tasks: to develop an adjustment method for finding the effect of the CPS on the value of potentials at control points along the pipeline route; to develop a multicriteria optimization model for regulating the operation modes of the CPS; and to provide an example of testing the method of optimal regulation on the objects of the linear part of the existing main gas pipeline. The following results were obtained. A method is proposed for determining the effect of CPS operating modes on the value of potentials at control points in the mode of interrupting the protection current of other stations. An optimization model was formed according to the criterion of uniformity of the distribution of the protective potential "pipe-ground" along the pipeline route and according to the criterion of the minimum total protective current of all CPSs on a given section of the main pipeline. Conclusions. The scientific novelty of the results obtained is associated with the development of an original optimization method that allows scientifically determining the operation modes of the CPS to ensure the protection of the main pipeline both in time and length with reduced operating costs and adaptability to changes in climatic, seasonal, and geological conditions at the pipeline installation site. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is illustrated by the regulation of the parameters of the CPS based on the monitoring data of the section of the main gas pipeline of the oil and gas complex of the Republic of Kazakhstan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A multivariate task related to the modeling of high-tech enterprises relocation under new challenges and threats is described and solved. The relevance of the study is related to the complex solution of the complex task of moving a high-tech enterprise to a new location for the production of competitive products. The purpose of the publication is to present the created set of models that allow: to justify the choice of the location (locations) of the enterprise; to form a set of suppliers of components, considering long logistics chains; and to research the relocation of a high-tech enterprise in a special period related to martial law. The existing problems of the relocation of high-tech enterprises are analyzed: the change in the political and economic conditions of global and local production; existing long logistics supply chains of components that have vulnerabilities and are triggered when threats appear; the problem of the location of distributed production in a large area; economic losses due to complex distributed logistics of supply of components; many manufacturers of components that provide the main production process; the problem of relocation (evacuation) of enterprises in a special period, in the conditions of martial law. The model for choosing a new location for the enterprise is proposed, considering contradictory indicators: the cost (rent) of land plots for the location of the enterprise; territory preparation for the location of the enterprise; logistics costs for the enterprise moving; expenses for training (retraining) of workers; relocation project risks; etc. Taking into account the combinatorial nature of the task under consideration and the complexity of the location of the distributed enterprise (not in one, but in several locations), a model of rational placement of production was created. A method of choosing a set of suppliers of components for high-tech enterprises is developed; this method considers the length of logistics chains, the time spent on delivery, the quality of components produced by suppliers, and supply risks. A multi-criteria optimization model for choosing suppliers is created, considering some contradictory indicators. The model of relocation (evacuation) of a high-tech enterprise in a special period, in the conditions of wartime threats and risks of moving technological equipment, is proposed. A simulation model is developed to study the logistics of enterprise relocation in the form of an agent-based representation; this model simulates the events associated with the sequence of relocation actions: dismantling of technological equipment, transportation of equipment, and installation of enterprise subsystems. The emergence of threats and the consequences of their actions, which are associated with a violation of the logistics of moving the enterprise, are simulated. An illustrated example of the study of enterprise relocation in the conditions of the emergence of threats and the cessation of technological equipment movement, which leads to the search for new routes with minimal transportation risks, is given. The scientific novelty of the study is associated with the development of a complex of original optimization models, an agentbased simulation model, which allows for a scientifically justified forming requirements for the relocation of a high-tech enterprise to a new location, for ensuring the reduction of long logistics chains for the supply of components, for minimization logistics costs, for the formation of relatively dangerous logistics channels and supply routes, for minimization of risks in the conditions of new challenges and threats of a political and economic nature. The results of the study should be used for planning the relocation project of a high-tech enterprise, for the formation of measures and actions related to the relocation of a high-tech enterprise, for the creation of new safe logistics supply chains, and for the evacuation of the enterprise in a special period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to the issues of creating an adaptive intelligent system, for monitoring and controlling the technological process for electrochemical corrosion protection of main pipelines (MP), which has been designed for remote control of electrochemical protection (EChP) parameters and their optimization as well as adaptive control of the parameters of cathodic protection stations while taking into account changes in external conditions. The multi-objective problem of optimizing the operating modes of cathodic protection stations (CPS) is considered because optimization is carried out according to both the criterion of optimal distribution of the protective potential (uniform distribution of the protective total (pipe-to-soil) potential along the length of the pipeline) and to the criterion of the minimum total protective current of stations. The structure of the distributed electrochemical protection system is described in the article. A more complete picture of the protection of the pipeline and solving the problems of optimizing the electrochemical protection modes in real time is possible due to remote monitoring of control and measuring points (CMP) in the middle of the pipeline between neighboring cathodic protection stations, as well as in all corrosion and hazardous zones where they are also installed. In addition to the often-used GSM/GPRS networks in electrochemical protection systems, an energy-efficient LPWAN (Low-Power Wide-Area Network) data transmission network is also used and data collection is carried out using a cloud IoT platform. The functionality of the system is described, web application screens are shown in various operating modes for remote monitoring and control of the protective parameters of cathodic protection stations is reported. Analytical data processing for the tasks assessing the protection of objects in the pipeline system against corrosion are also shown. The system ensures that the electrochemical protection process is maintained at an optimal level between the destructive zones of "underprotection" and "overprotection", taking into account monitoring data, geological conditions at the pipeline site, climatic or seasonal changes and other factors. In general, this system provides an increase in the reliability of the electrochemical protection system as a whole and, accordingly, it prevents possible emergency situations on the pipeline system while also reducing the cost of pipeline maintenance due to the reliability and continuity of protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to check and identify management gaps that lead to the formation of digitalization problems in enterprises in the context of Industry 4.0 and to offer a conceptual approach to managing the development of high-tech enterprises in digital transformation. The paper substantiates the concept of digital transformation management in a high-tech enterprise based on interdependent adaptive systems for planning digital transformation processes, monitoring, and change management. The paper considers the idea of the Industry 4.0 concept and presents principal technologies and tools that contribute to the gradual transition to digital transformation. It is determined that digital transformation is a process of transition to digital business, which involves the use of digital technologies to change business processes in the company and provision of new opportunities for additional income and development prospects. A conceptual model of enterprise competitiveness formation in the process of digital transformation has been developed, which includes organizational and economical digital tools for sustainable development of high-tech enterprises and synergies from the organization of new forms of digital interaction. The proposed methodology for managing the development of high-tech enterprises in the context of digital transformation is based on the formation of an ecosystem model of decentralization in a single distributed digital space, based on interconnected adaptive systems of planning, monitoring, and change management, and, on the basis of modeling and forecasting of complex manufacturing and logistics processes of high-tech industries, it allows effective implementation of the innovative order portfolio in the short term and with limited opportunities while coordinating the priorities of the business strategy and strategy of digital transformation of high-tech enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The use of capillary-porous elements for absorption of carbon dioxide fluid can intensify the process and ensure the stability of the finished product. Materials and methods. Investigated the process of saturation of water carbon dioxide. Mass concentration of carbon dioxide in water was determined by the pressure and temperature of the mixture and comparison of tabular data. Pressure water supply to the input capillary-porous device 0.4 - 0.6 MPa; supply pressure of carbon dioxide in the space between the shell capillaryporous element and membrane 0,45-0,65 MPa; water temperature at the site saturation t = 4 ÷ 12°C. Results and discussion. Mass concentration of carbon dioxide has a linear dependence on the pressure and nonlinear from temperature changes and diameter of capillary. With increasing pressure from 0.4 MPa to 0.6 mass concentration of carbon dioxide in the liquid increases: at the temperature 4°C - from 0.59 to 0.73 % mass, at 8°C - from 0.56 to 0.63 % mass, and at 12°C - from 0.39 to 49 % mass. Mass concentration of the mixture decreases with increasing temperature: at a pressure of 0.6 MPa - from 0.73 to 0.49 % mass, at 0.5 MPa - from 0.64 to 0.46 % mass, at 0.4 MPa - from 0.59 to 0.41 % mass. With the growth of capillary diameter 10 to 20 mm mass concentration of carbon dioxide in the liquid is reduced: at the temperature 4°C - from 0.73 to 0.67 % mass, at 8°C from 0.62 to 0.57 % mass, and at 12°C - from 0.49 to 40 % mass. It is connected with the structural formations of water molecules and their oscillating motion. At low temperatures the oscillating motion of the molecular structures of water are not significant and carbon dioxide molecules easily penetrate into these structures without destroying them. And at high temperatures (8 ÷ 12°C) oscillatory motion of molecular structures of water becomes higher and not all CO² molecules have the ability to penetrate into the data structure. The mathematical dependence of the concentration of carbon dioxide in water from pressure, temperature and capillary diameter allows you to adjust the process and determine its rational parameters. Rational parameters of saturation: pressure supply water to the absorption P = 0,5 MPa, water temperature 8°C and diameter capillary-porous channel dk = 10 mm. Conclusions. Application results in the production of carbonated beverages to increase productivity, reduce the loss of carbon dioxide and increase for foam stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]