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Copyright of Jurnal Penyuluhan is the property of IPB University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of hydrophilic polymers widely used in the biomedical field, one of which is a tissue sealant. The material that can be used in the manufacture of hydrogels is chitosan. The ability of chitosan in the formation of hydrogel is still limited by its swelling and adhesive properties, so it requires other materials such as crosslinkers, one of which is kappa-carrageenan which can stabilize and increase the viscosity of the hydrogel. The addition of Irgacure® 2959 as a photo-initiator to the hydrogel can produce free radicals that can bind to the active group of the polymer. This study aims to determine the effect of adding Irgacure® 2959 in the manufacture of hydrogel based on a chitosan-kappa-carrageenan solution formulated as a colon tissue adhesive. The treatments given were the addition of Irgacure® 2959 as much as 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%. The characteristics of the hydrogel tested qualitatively (simulation adhesion test), degree of swelling, resistance to water, degree of crystallinity, and ability to inhibit bacterial growth. The addition of Irgacure® 2959 did not show significantly different results from the control that indicating it cannot increase the crosslinking between chitosan and kappa-carrageenan. This is predicted due to the presence of steric hindrance from kappa-carrageenan, causing very limited crosslinking due to the molecular size difference between chitosan and kappa-carrageenan. Further, it is necessary to optimize the ratio of the chitosan and kappa-carrageenan to get the balance ratio that supports the occurrence of cross-linking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tissue sealant is a material that is used as an adhesive to bond two tissue surfaces used during surgery. Chitosan and alginate are natural macromolecules used to manufacture hydrogels as tissue sealants because these two materials can strengthen bonds and the mechanical properties of tissue sealants. Irgacure® 2959, as a photo-initiator, can strengthen the cross-linking between chitosan-alginate to produce a tissue sealant with good mechanical strength. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of adding Irgacure® 2959 to chitosan-alginate hydrogel with different concentrations as a tissue sealant designed for the colon. The experimental design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with the addition of Irgacure® 2959 0; 1; 2; 3; 4%. The characteristics of the hydrogel as a tissue covering observed in this study include the degree of swelling, water resistance, simulated adhesion, degree of crystallinity, and ability to inhibit bacteria. The results of this study showed that the addition of 4% Irgacure® 2959 reduced the degree of swelling, increased the hydrogel's resistance to water, and increased adhesion. The interaction of chitosan and alginate with the addition of Irgacure® 2959 produces cross-links, as evidenced by a degree of crystallinity of 26.21%. Based on these results, the chitosan-alginate hydrogel with the addition of Irgacure® 2959 showed good potential in tissue sealant formulations, even though the inhibition of bacteria in all treatments showed low results, namely < 5 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

property rights are material rights that are absolute. based on article 570 of the kuhpdt, property rights are rights that are fully and freely used, however, the freedom to use property rights is not unlimited, but there are limitations. the problem in this research is: how is the application of the provisions on the limitation on the use of property rights in social life in bantul regency, diy? the results showed that the application of restrictions on the use of property rights in people's lives in bantul regency can be seen in the yogyakarta state administrative court decision number 04/g/2013/ptun.yk which was corroborated by the surabaya state administrative high court decision number: 149/b/2013/pt. tun. sby. the decision was declared null and void and revoked the decree of the head of the bantul regency licensing service number: 3497/dp/001/xi/2012 concerning disturbance permits for "hikmah" chicken livestock business at the location of dusun mangir lor rt.03, sendangsari village, pajangan district, district bantul, because it contradicts article 5 paragraph (4) of bantul regency regional regulation number 6 of 2011 concerning nuisance permits, and the decree of the governor of the special region of yogyakarta number 176 of 2003 concerning standard levels of vibration, noise and odor in the province of the special region of yogyakarta and the principles general good governance especially the principle of accuracy. with the cancellation of the nuisance permit, the owner of a broiler farm business is no longer allowed to continue his livestock business, meaning that the owner cannot use his property in the form of a cage on his private land for a chicken farm business. so the use of this property is not free without limits, but there are limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-administered medicinal herbs can modify a drug's pharmacokinetics (PK), effectiveness, and toxicity. Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) ethanolic extract (APE) and andrographolide (AND) (a potent CYP2C9 inducer/inhibitor) can alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of glipizide (GLZ). This study aimed to determine the potential pharmacokinetics of herb–drug interactions between GLZ and APE/AND in the plasma of normal and diabetic rats using the HPLC bioanalysis method. The glipizide bioanalytical method established with RP-HPLC/UV instrument was validated following the EMA guidelines. GLZ was administered alone and in combination with APE or AND to normal and diabetic rats. The GLZ pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated according to the correlation between concentration and sampling time using the PK solver program. A simple and rapid GLZ bioanalysis technique with a lower limit of quantitation of 25 ng/mL was developed and presented the following parameters: accuracy (error ≤ 15%), precision (CV ≤ 15%), selectivity, stability, and linearity (R2 = 0.998) at concentrations ranging 25–1500 ng/mL. APE administration significantly improved the Cmax and AUC0–t/AUC0–∞ GLZ values in normal and diabetic rats (p < 0.05). AND significantly reduced the bioavailability of GLZ in diabetic rats with small values of T 1/2, Cmax, and AUC0–t/AUC0–∞ (p < 0.05). This combination can be considered in administering medications because it can influence the pharmacological effects of GLZ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research is the property of Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Seaweed has great potential in the pharmaceutical field, including as an antidiabetic agent. The purpose of this study was to isolate and identify the active fraction of Sargassum hystrix that inhibits α-amylase and α-glucosidase. S. hystrix was subjected to extraction using methanol, followed by partitioning using chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The ethyl acetate fraction was then separated by column chromatography to obtain more pure fractions. The crude extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and column chromatography fraction were tested for their ability to inhibit α-glucosidase. The active fractions of ethyl acetate that inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase were further identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the seaweed S. hystrix has potential as an antidiabetic substance. The ethyl acetate fraction of the S. hystrix extract had IC50=0.014 mg/mL for α-amylase inhibition and IC50=0.009 mg/mL for α-glucosidase inhibition. The compounds presumed to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase (58.52±0.40% inhibition at 50 µg/mL) and α-glucosidase (39.76±0.03% inhibition at 150 µg/mL) were 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-benzenetriol, flamenol, and eicosanoic acid. The pure active compound of the ethyl acetate fraction was pentadecanoic acid, which was suspected to be an inhibitor, with 67.38±6.84% inhibition of α-amylase activity at 50 µg/mL and 18.90 ± 2.82% inhibition of α-glucosidase activity at 150 µg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]