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The aim of this study was to translate the structured assessment of depression in brain–damaged individuals (SADBD) questionnaire into the Italian language, validate, and test reliability and validity of the Italian version. Consecutive patients with stroke were screened in the Department of Neurology, Avogadro University in Novara and the Department of Neurorehabilitation, Maugeri Foundation, Veruno, Italy. Thirty patients were included in the study. The internal consistency ranged between 0.78 and 0.87. The intra–rater test–retest reliability was 0.93 for BDIderived items and 0.82 for HRSD–derived items; while the inter–rater test–retest reliability was 0.94 for BDI–derived items and 0.93 for HRSD–derived items. Correlation between the SADBD diagnosis made by the physician and the nurse was 0.51; correlation between caregiver and physician diagnosis was 0.60. The Italian version of the SADBD was demonstrated to be acceptable, reliable and a valid measure of depression in patients with stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]