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The object of this study is the safety control system of ship management, by identifying and restoring the qualification parameters of shipmasters in critical situations. The task solved in the study is the timely determination of an insufficient level of qualification for the performance of certain operations in controlling the movement of the ship, by applying a formal-logical model of detecting the intuitive actions of the operator-shipmaster and gradually restoring his/her qualification parameters using the devised method. The stages of development and the formal-logical structure of the model and method in terms of cognitive automation were described in detail as the study results. It was possible to ensure early detection of risks when controlling the movement of the ship in 56 % of cases, during a laboratory experiment on simulators, which in 24 % of cases turned out to be particularly dangerous. The interpretation of the results involved algorithmizing complex and formalized data on the actions of operators and the application of the method of restoring their qualification parameters, which allowed a comprehensive approach to safety management. The distinguishing features of the findings were to predict the level of danger by simulating maritime operations with input navigational and individual conditions. This made it possible to improve the effectiveness of operations to 89 %, reduce the phenomenon of loss of control over the course to 32 %, reduce critical situations to 7 % and the cost of resources. The scope and conditions of practical use involve a comprehensive assessment of external and internal influences on the level of danger, delay in decision-making by operators, as well as sailing conditions. The simulation results could be used to devise strategies for planning maneuvers, predicting risks, and developing maritime security systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. Empirical research and theoretical substantiation of the types of self-realisation of future teachers who did an educational-professional training course under conditions of a digital educational environment. Investigating the types of self-realisation and establishing statistically significant correlations with the research parameters of educational-professional training for future teachers will allow finding important scientific facts that will possess novelty and be of scientific interest for organisers of educational and scientific activities in a digital educational environment. Methods. The representative sample involved students of the final years of pedagogical educational programmes of Bachelor's and Master's studies. Methodological foundations of the research are the main statements of the concepts of self-realisation, self-actualisation and self-regulation in educational activity. Results. Spearman (r) correlation coefficient allowed us to find that "value orientations", "time competence", "cognitive needs" and "creativity of activity" are the most important and dependent parameters. £-means clustering allowed identifying four types of self-realisation: "Value-oriented self-realisation"; "Temporal self-realisation"; "Passive self-realisation" and "Pragmatic self-realisation". It explained that high external negative motivation in the type of passive self-realisation is not directly related to the process and results of educational-professional activity, but only reflects future teachers' attitude towards it. It was highlighted that future teachers with a value-oriented type of self-realisation are ready to devote themselves to pedagogical activity and consider it to be the meaning of their life. Conclusion. It was recommended that the established empirical facts possessing cognitive value, scientific and theoretical novelty should be implemented in creation and improvement of a digital educational environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The empirical study of gender differences in the dispositional mental states of university teachers who were internally displaced during martial law. Methods. A combined research strategy was used, integrating the methods for comparing samples of female and male participants. The different types of dispositional mental states of the respondents were identified by the author's methodology for the study of dominant mental states. Results. It was discovered that the respondents' psychological content parameters showed statistically significant gender-based differences. Group 1 prevailed in terms of anxiety (U = 855.0; p = .000). Group 2 prevailed in terms of self-control (U = 975.0; p = .001); awareness of events (U = 707.5; p = .000); expected attitude (U = 1074.0; p = .006); expected result (U = 1067.0; p = .006) and psychological wellbeing (U = 1113.5; p = .014). The dispositional mental states of a female sample of internally displaced university teachers were represented by five components with a total variation of Sd = 74.527%. The male sample had four factors with a total variation Sd = 94.442%. It was stated that there were significant differences between the dispositional mental states of female and male teachers in terms of formal characteristics and content loading of components. Conclusions. The scientific value of empirical facts about the dispositional mental states of university teachers who were internally displaced as a result of wartime action is justified. The importance of incorporating the discovered results into scientific and educational processes is emphasised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to reveal the features of psychomotor training of a sapper, the development of the necessary sensory-intuitive skills to regulate their actions and deeds while performing tasks in the minefield. Material and methods. Three series of psychological experiments were conducted. The importance of psychomotor training in the context of reducing the level of anxiety and personal fears of sappers was revealed. The research was integrated into the process of training in the discipline "Blasting". The study did not change the structure of the discipline, as it was only related to the content. The collected and analyzed data were used for the quantitative method. Results. It was determined that the most talented servicemen, with welldeveloped coordination of movements, mental stability, ability to regulate personal fears, make quick decisions, work alone for a long time, stay calm in tense situations, should be involved in the sappers' activities. Conclusions. Our psychological training "Minefield" promotes the development of professionally necessary qualities among military sappers, provides the development of psychomotor and sensory-intuitive skills to regulate movements and actions during combat missions. Improves constructive attitudes in the unit of sappers, friendliness, reflexive listening, kindness, leadership and patience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study is to determine the composition and functional significance of anticipatory resources in the process of temporal regulation of sensorimotor action. Materials and methods. The subjects were male (35 people) and female (31 people) students. The tasks of a simple sensory response, a choice reaction (three alternatives), and a "double choice" were implemented in a computer version of the experiment. In the "double choice" task, the stimulation variation was first provided (possible stimuli: one or three), and then a stimulus for a fast motor response was presented after some time, the orientation time (independent variable). Results. The participants' initial reaction to the option with three alternative stimuli in the "double choice" task was negative. The time of the motor response falls linearly as the orientation time increases in both the male and female groups for the variant with one possible stimulus and the frequency of anticipatory effects and premature actions increases in a quadratic pattern. It must be noted that with enough orientation time, determining the expected duration of the sensorimotor action is quite straightforward. It was demonstrated that, in the presence of a margin of orientation time, operational estimates and revisions of the time required to accomplish an action dramatically improve the likelihood of anticipatory effects. Conclusions. Actualization of the anticipatory resource (which includes temporary memory standards, the ability to accurately determine and correlate the durations of processes and time intervals, time estimation skills, and individual characteristics that influence decision making) ensures the determination of the total duration of a sensorimotor action, prompt correction of its implementation, and a significant reduction in the time it takes to respond to a motor stimulus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of the article is to study the mental states factors of primary school pupils' anxiety during the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. The psychological factors of school anxiety and fears are theoretically substantiated. The methodological starting points of the empirical study are distinguished. The combination of psychological and physiological semantic parameters of the phenomenon is taken into account. Valid psychodiagnostic methods were used. The structure of mental states of pupils' anxiety, which consisted of five main factors F1-F5 (∑D = 76.371; V = 20.005), was studied by factor analysis of ANOVA. It is established that the principal is the mental state F1 "School anxiety" (D = 38.029; V = 9.962), which is interrelated with the mental state F4 "Self-realization anxiety" (D = 9.711; V = 2.544) (rs=-.443; p≤.01) and the mental state F2 "Emotional-expressive anxiety" (D=16.057; V=4.206) (rs=.373; p≤.01). It was established and grounded that the mental state F5 "Isolation-physiological anxiety" (D=4.529; V=1.186) is suicidal. It is generalized that the obtained empirical results and theoretical substantiations will promote: realization of the decision of educational problems in primary school age; implementation of the obtained results in preventive and corrective-developmental work; will reduce anxiety and affect the formation of adequate behavior of fourth-graders of secondary education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and empirical research of dynamic features of successful professional identity's formation of students-psychologists in institutions of higher education. The importance of this issue is substantiated and an empirical research is held. The psychological semantic features of the formation's stages of professionalism, professional crises during the profession of psychologist at the university are studied. The influence of educational and professional activity on professional identity is outlined. The definition of professional identity as a psychological category is concretized, which is the awareness of a specialist of his belonging to a certain profession and a certain professional community. Valid psychodiagnostic tools were used and comparative and correlation analyses of data were performed. The structure of professional identity, which combines cognitive, emotional and behavioural components, is revealed. The results of empirical research confirmed that the dynamics of successful development of professional identity of future psychologists in the learning process is the gradual formation of its structural components. Crisis tendencies in the identity of third-year students have been established. They are caused by frustration in professional and life choices, inconsistency of expectations and ideas about the profession and the realities of its acquisition. The presence of identity crisis of the third-year students was established. It is proved that professional identity is determined by the conscious choice of respondents by profession. It is verified and substantiated that students, who are characterized by the formed mature professional identity, quite consciously choose the educational trajectory and carefully complete it with selective educational components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research is psychological-pedagogical experiment with factor analysis of value-sense meaningful parameters, preferences, expectations of future teachers (N = 140). The aim is to study the psychological rich in content features of formation of the value-sense sphere of future teachers. Values, while forming in the life experience of the individual, determinate the purpose-oriented and motivational program of behavior and provide sensory regulation of life activity. Personal sense, as a subject determinant, defines the effectiveness of professional activity. The development of system of values and senses is determined by rich in content process, the involvement of students in various types of social activities and purposeful impact by training facilities. Research methods: psychological and pedagogical experiment, standardized tests, factor analysis. The structure of value and sense regulation is determined. The forming stage provided changes in the experimental group (N = 17) from values oriented on social perception to values of personal and professional development. In the control group (N = 19), the dominance of personal comfort values was recorded. Compared to the ascertaining stage, the values of personalprofessional development has emerged. The results obtained can be useful to stakeholders, leaders of educational institutions, researchers of self-regulation, axiogenesis, life creation and personality expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Time synthesis of sensorimotor action is reviewed as a process of a coherence setting action duration (expected duration), time sequence of required operations and significant changes in conditions. Aim: to experimentally set up the connection of time synthesis success and efficiency of realization sensorimotor action in changeable conditions. Hypothesis: successful time synthesis of the setting duration and the temporal sequence of operations in the mental organization of sensorimotor action in changing conditions is realized in accordance with the corresponding operational meaning and is allowed by anticipatory effects and an increase in the effectiveness of the action, materials and methods. An experimental study involved 152 male and female students. Participants of the investigation solved experimental tasks, implemented in a computer version, according to schemes of a simple visual-motor reaction and a choice reaction (separately and in combination), according to a scheme of sensorimotor action with a warning signal when the apperceptive scheme, setting duration and sequence of required operations were changed promptly. Results were reviewed in the aspect of disclosing the features of the subject's elimination of the uncertainty of the moment of achieving the goal in the future and the construction of a sequence of operations of sensorimotor actions in a connection with changes in external conditions, typical for the time deficit regime. The conditionality of the time synthesis of sensorimotor action by the actual operational meaning was established revealing that the successful temporal synthesis of sensorimotor action in changing conditions is associated with the fastest acceptance of an adequate apperceptive scheme, with effective anticipation of the moment of achieving the goal and the formation of a detailed setting duration of action, with the formation of a temporal sequence of required operations. Conclusions. The levels of success of the time synthesis of sensorimotor action in changing conditions are highlighted: "quite successful; moderately successful; unsuccessful". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the basis of empirical experimental data, relationships were identified indicating the influence of navigators' response to such vessel control indicators as maneuverability and safety. This formed a hypothesis about a non-random connection between the navigator's actions, response and parameters of maritime transport management. Within the framework of this hypothesis, logical-formal approaches were proposed that allow using server data of both maritime simulators and operating vessels in order to timely identify the occurrence of a critical situation with possible catastrophic consequences. A method for processing navigation data based on the analysis of temporal zones is proposed, which made it possible to prevent manifestations of reduced efficiency of maritime transport management by 22.5 %. Based on cluster analysis and automated neural networks, it was possible to identify temporary vessel control fragments and classify them by the level of danger. At the same time, the neural network test error was only 3.1 %, and the learning error was 3.8 %, which ensures the high quality of simulation results. The proposed approaches were tested using the Navi Trainer 5000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland). The simulation of the system for identifying critical situations in maritime transport management made it possible to reduce the probability of catastrophic situations by 13.5 %. The use of automated artificial neural networks allowed defining critical situations in real time from the database of maritime transport management on the captain's bridge for an individual navigator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuestiones Políticas is the property of Revista Cuestiones Politicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the study is a theoretical substantiation and empirical study of the psychological content parameters of the relationship between perfectionism and feelings of loneliness in youth. A new view of modern reality with its constant changes and increased requirements for the functioning of the individual in society has been substantiated. It is noted that such a view provokes the mass formation and spread of perfectionism and loneliness. It is noted that every day more and more people, especially young people, suffer from the imperfections of this world and the feeling of isolation from others. It has been established that socially conditioned perfectionism, concern for mistakes, doubts about one's own actions and self-criticism have a positive significant connection with the feeling of loneliness in youth (p<.01). However, rigid perfectionism and self-centered perfectionism are inversely related to feelings of loneliness. It was found that young men are largely prone to self-centered perfectionism (p<.01). A pronounced high level of loneliness was observed in n=18 subjects. Attention has been drawn to the fact that doubts about one's own actions and concern for mistakes inevitably provoke feelings of loneliness. Emphasis has been placed on important areas of actualization of empirical results in order to develop constructive perfectionism. It has been noted that the results obtained should be operationalized in educational and professional training of students-psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncertainty and instability haunt us every day in today's new reality. It is a characteristic feature of postmodern society. The purpose of the research is a theoretical justification and empirical study of the hardiness of the personality in critical conditions of life. Psychodiagnostic complex of hardiness is indicated as a factor of personality adaptation. High average and high levels of hardiness are characteristics of an independently developed personality with a high ability to adapt. It has been established that average level of hardiness contributes to the optimal experience of situations of uncertainty and involves a person's choice of coping strategies to counteract the new difficulties in professional and personal life. It has been substantiated that respondents with a high rates of hardiness had a higher level of adaptation efficiency. It has been stated that "risk acceptance" as the component of hardiness of participants of the "Work and Travel" program is more pronounced than in the respondents of other samples (t = -1.54). It has been proved that empirical research of psychological parameters of personality hardiness in critical conditions of life allowed to draw significant conclusions. It is noted that the results of the study need to be operationalized in training, educational and developmental and psycho-correctional practices. It is emphasized that the obtained empirical results should be used in the training of applicants for psychological specialties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim is to theoretically substantiate and empirically study the psychological semantic parameters of conformism of adolescence and to establish the relationship with values. Value orientations as an important regulatory mechanism of personality behavior are revealed. Conformism is interpreted through social desirability as the individual’s desire for positive and constructive interaction, exchange with society, during which the individual obeys the latter, presenting himself in a favorable light. It is noted that young people often change their values under the pressure of “significant others” and society, presenting themselves in a favorable light, implementing conformal behavior. It is established that conformism correlates with value orientations (p<.01; p<.05). It is noted that respondents with a high level of conformism are characterized by a change in values under the influence of the environment and people with low levels – this trend is not observed. It has been studied that in adolescence there is a shift in the orientation of the individual from focusing on other people to focusing on their own meanings and values. It is determined that a person with a high level of conformism can neglect his own values, and therefore change his own behavior, which can be regarded as a “challenge to the environment”. It is offered to apply the received empirical results in training and to implement in educational and professional preparation of students-psychologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking into account current trends in the development of ergatic maritime transport systems, the factors of the navigator’s influence on vessel control processes were determined. Within the framework of the research hypothesis, to improve navigation safety, it is necessary to apply predictive data mining models and automated vessel control. The paper proposes a diagram of the ergatic vessel control system and a model for identifying the influence of the navigator “human factor” during navigation. Within the framework of the model based on the principles of navigator decision trees, prediction by data mining means is applied, taking into account the identifiers of the occurrence of a critical situation. Based on the prediction results, a method for optimal vessel control in critical situations was developed, which is triggered at the nodes of the navigator decision tree, which reduces the likelihood of a critical impact on vessel control. The proposed approaches were tested in the research laboratory “Development of decision support systems, ergatic and automated vessel control systems”. The use of the Navi Trainer 5,000 navigation simulator (Wärtsilä Corporation, Finland) and simulation of the navigation safety control system for critical situations have confirmed its effectiveness. As a result of testing, it was determined that the activation of the system allowed reducing the likelihood of critical situations by 18–54 %. In 11 % of cases, the system switched the vessel control processes to automatic mode and, as a result, reduced the risk of emergencies. The use of automated data mining tools made it possible to neutralize the negative influence of the “human factor” of the navigator and to reduce the average maneuvering time during vessel navigation to 23 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The aim of the study is to perform psychological and psychophysiological analysis of the features of stress resistance that provide adaptation of medical personnel in the situation of uncertainty. Materials and methods. The study involved: 125 students of III and IV years of study majoring in "Treatment" and "Nursing"; 95 internship doctors 2-3 years of training in various specializations. 36.84% of the total numbers of studied internship doctors were those whose specialization is characterized by an increased level of stress. Methods: correlation analysis, tests with standardized questionnaires. Result. It was found that the manifestation of open, direct aggression by respondents is an acceptable strategy of interaction, which does not significantly affect adaptability. It has been studied that hostility, as an internal directive of the personality, is often not observed externally and determines the decrease in emotional comfort and violation of adaptation. Conclusions. It is proved that adaptive activity as a system-forming factor is accompanied by a number of psychological, biological and social processes and collectively forms the stress resistance of the personality. It is indicated that the immune system is an important part of the functional systems that form the biological factor of functional diagnosis at the stage of low stress resistance and borderline disorders. It is noted that it is appropriate to use functional diagnosis as a basis for diagnosing a person's mental state in the development of stress resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study partly reveals "Zelenskyi's phenomenon", when a person without any political experience confidently won a victory over an experienced politician at the presidential and parliamentary elections. The paper considered neuropsychological understanding of a brand as a multimodal image with emotional connection and as an artificial addiction. Specific features of the perception of political slogans were studied with EMOTIV Epoc+ 14-channel mobile neurointerface and EmotivPRO and EMOTIV Brain Activity Map software. The ranking of slogans in terms of the efficiency of perception of the individuals of 40-60 years old was carried out on the basis of EEG and the cognitive and emotional indexes: obtained stress, interaction, interest, excitement, concentration, relaxation. The study involved 30 men and 30 women who intended to vote in the presidential elections of 2019. It was established which slogans are the best, good, average, ambiguous, with little effect, ineffective, with a negative effect. It was determined that the most effective and at the same time efficient slogan that evokes emotions and really encourages to support is PRESIDENT IS PEOPLE'S SERVANT. The best slogan that appeals to support it is "We Are Ukraine", "New Policy of Ukraine", "Country of Strong People!" The basic cognitive and emotional indexes that would contribute to the creation of effective psychological impact on voters' behavior are the presence in the slogan of the word "Ukraine", the avoidance of the so-called "stop words" (for women it is "army" and everything related to violence and death, and for men it is everything related to the provision of material benefits), the use of religious sentimentality in women and gender differences in slogans targeting. The value of the studied phenomenon and the efficiency of slogans and other media products before launching them into mass advertising has been proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Espacios is the property of Talleres de Impresos Oma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)