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We present cosmological parameter constraints using maps from the last Planck data release (PR4). In particular, we detail an upgraded version of the cosmic microwave background likelihood, HiLLiPoP, that is based on angular power spectra and relies on a physical modeling of the foreground residuals in the spectral domain. This new version of the likelihood retains a larger sky fraction (up to 75%) and uses an extended multipole range. Using this likelihood, along with low-ℓ measurements from LoLLiPoP, we derived constraints on ΛCDM parameters that are in good agreement with previous Planck 2018 results, but with smaller uncertainties by 10% to 20%. We demonstrate that the foregrounds can be accurately described in the spectral domain, with a negligible impact on ΛCDM parameters. We also derived constraints on single-parameter extensions to ΛCDM, including AL, ΩK, Neff, and ∑mν. Noteworthy results from this updated analysis include a lensing amplitude value of AL = 1.039 ± 0.052, which is more closely aligned with theoretical expectations within the ΛCDM framework. Additionally, our curvature measurement, ΩK = −0.012 ± 0.010, is now fully consistent with a flat universe and our measurement of S8 is closer to the measurements derived from large-scale structure surveys (at the 1.5σ level). We also added constraints from PR4 lensing, making this combination the most tightly constrained data set currently available from Planck. Additionally, we explored the addition of baryon acoustic oscillation data, which tightens the limits on some particular extensions to the standard cosmology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European Space Agency's Planck satellite was launched on 14 May 2009, and surveyed the sky stably and continuously between August 2009 and October 2013. The scientific analysis of the Planck data requires understanding the optical response of its detectors, which originates partly from a physical model of the optical system. In this paper, we use in-flight measurements of planets within ∼1° of boresight to estimate the geometrical properties of the telescope and focal plane. First, we use observed grating lobes to measure the amplitude of mechanical dimpling of the reflectors, which is caused by the hexagonal honeycomb structure of the carbon fibre reflectors. We find that the dimpling amplitude on the two reflectors is larger than expected from the ground, by 20% on the secondary and at least a factor of 2 on the primary. Second, we use the main beam shapes of 26 detectors to investigate the alignment of the various elements of the optical system, as well as the large-scale deformations of the reflectors. We develop a metric to guide an iterative fitting scheme, and are able to determine a new geometric model that fits the in-flight measurements better than the pre-flight prediction according to this metric. The new alignment model is within the mechanical tolerances expected from the ground, with some specific but minor exceptions. We find that the reflectors contain large-scale sinusoidal deformations most probably related to the mechanical supports. In spite of the better overall fit, the new model still does not fit the beam measurements at a level compatible with the needs of cosmological analysis. Nonetheless, future analysis of the Planck data would benefit from taking into account some of the features of the new model. The analysis described here exemplifies some of the limitations of in-flight retrieval of the geometry of an optical system similar to that of Planck, and provides useful information for similar efforts in future experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have performed a comprehensive investigation of the global integrated flux density of M33 from radio to ultraviolet wavelengths, finding that the data between ~100GHz and 3 THz are accurately described by a single modi?ed blackbody curve with a dust temperature of Tdust = 21.67 ± 0.30K and an effective dust emissivity index of βeff = 1.35 ± 0.10, with no indication of an excess of emission at millimetre/submillimetre wavelengths. However, subdividing M33 into three radial annuli, we found that the global emission curve is highly degenerate with the constituent curves representing the subregions of M33. We also found gradients in Tdust and βeff across the disc of M33, with both quantities decreasing with increasing radius.Comparing the M33 dust emissivitywith that of other LocalGroupmembers, we ?nd that M33 resembles theMagellanic Clouds rather than the larger galaxies, i.e. theMilky Way and M31. In the Local Group sample, we ?nd a clear correlation between global dust emissivity and metallicity, with dust emissivity increasing with metallicity. A major aspect of this analysis is the investigation into the impact of ?uctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on the integrated ?ux density spectrum of M33. We found that failing to account for these CMB ?uctuations would result in a signi?cant overestimate of Tdust by ~5K and an underestimate of βeff by ~0.4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present multi-wavelength detections of nine candidate gravitationally lensed dusty starforming galaxies (DSFGs) selected at 218 GHz (1.4 mm) from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) equatorial survey. Among the brightest ACT sources, these represent the subset of the total ACT sample lying in Herschel SPIRE fields, and all nine of the 218 GHz detections were found to have bright Herschel counterparts. By fitting their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with a modified blackbody model with power-law temperature distribution, we find the sample has a median redshift of z = 4.1-1.0+1.1 (68 per cent confidence interval), as expected for 218 GHz selection, and an apparent total infrared luminosity of log10(μLIR/Lʘ) = 3.86-1.9+0.33, which suggests that they are either strongly lensed sources or unresolved collections of unlensed DSFGs. The effective apparent diameter of the sample is √μd = 4.2-1.0+1.7 kpc, further evidence of strong lensing or multiplicity, since the typical diameter of DSFGs is 1.0-2.5 kpc. We emphasize that the effective apparent diameter derives from SED modelling without the assumption of optically thin dust (as opposed to image morphology). We find that the sources have substantial optical depth (τ = 4.2-1.9+3.7) to dust around the peak in the modified blackbody spectrum (λobs ≤ 500 μm), a result that is robust to model choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (ERCSC) has offered the first opportunity to accurately determine the luminosity function of dusty galaxies in the very local Universe (i.e. distances ≲100 Mpc), at several (sub-)millimetre wavelengths, using blindly selected samples of low-redshift sources, unaffected by cosmological evolution. This project, however, requires careful consideration of a variety of issues including the choice of the appropriate flux density measurement, the separation of dusty galaxies from radio sources and from Galactic sources, the correction for the CO emission, the effect of density inhomogeneities and more. We present estimates of the local luminosity functions at 857 GHz (350 μm), 545 GHz (550 μm) and 353 GHz (850 μm) extending across the characteristic luminosity L⋆, and a preliminary estimate over a limited luminosity range at 217 GHz (1382 μm). At 850 μm and for luminosities L ≳ L⋆ our results agree with previous estimates, derived from the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) Local Universe Galaxy Survey, but are higher than the latter at L ≲ L⋆. We also find good agreement with estimates at 350 and 500 μm based on preliminary Herschel survey data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report multiple epoch VLA/JVLA observations of 89 northern hemisphere sources, most with 37 GHz flux density >1 Jy, observed at 4.8, 8.5, 33.5, and 43.3GHz. The high frequency selection leads to a predominantly flat spectrum sample, with 85% of our sources being in the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalog (ERCSC). These observations allow us to: 1) validate Planck's 30 and 44 GHz flux density scale; 2) extend the radio spectral energy distributions of Planck sources to lower frequencies allowing for the full 5—857 GHz regime to be studied; and 3) characterize the variability of these sources. At 30 GHz and 44 GHz, the JVLA and Planck flux densities agree to within ∼3%. On timescales of less than two months the median variability of our sources is 2%. On timescales of about a year the median variability increases to 14%. Using the WMAP 7-year data, the 30 GHz median variability on a 1—6 years timescale is 16%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) five year data, we look for the average Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signal from clusters of galaxies by stacking the regions around hundreds of known X-ray clusters. We detect the average SZE at a very high significance level. The average cluster signal is spatially resolved in the W band. This mean signal is compared with the expected signal from the same clusters calculated on the basis of archival ROSAT data. From the comparison, we conclude that the observed SZE seems to be less than the expected signal derived from X-ray measurements when a standard β-model is assumed for the gas distribution. This conclusion is model dependent. Our predictions depend mostly on the assumptions made about the core radius of clusters and the slope of the gas density profile. Models with steeper profiles are able to simultaneously fit both X-ray and WMAP data better than a β-model. However, the agreement is not perfect and we find that it is still difficult to make the X-ray and SZE results agree. A model assuming point source contamination in SZE clusters provides a better fit to the one-dimensional SZE profiles, thus suggesting that contamination from point sources could be contributing to a diminution of the SZE signal. Selecting a model that better fits both X-ray and WMAP data away from the very central region, we estimate the level of contamination and find that on average, the point source contamination is on the level of 16 mJy (at 41 GHz), 26 mJy (at 61 GHz) and 18 mJy (at 94 GHz). These estimated fluxes are marginally consistent with the estimated contamination derived from radio and infrared surveys, thus suggesting that the combination of a steeper gas profile and the contribution from point sources allows us to consistently explain the X-ray emission and SZE in galaxy clusters as measured by both ROSAT and WMAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the wide-field imaging and polarimetry at of seven most extended, bright , high-frequency selected radio sources in the southern sky with declinations . Accompanying the data are brief reviews of the literature for each source. The results presented here aid in the statistical completeness of the Australia Telescope 20-GHz Survey: the Bright Source Sample. The data are of crucial interest for future cosmic microwave background missions as a collection of information about candidate calibrator sources. We were able to obtain data for seven of the nine sources identified by our selection criteria. We report that Pictor A is thus far the best extragalactic calibrator candidate for the Low Frequency Instrument of the Planck European Space Agency mission due to its high level of integrated polarized flux density on a scale of 10 arcmin. Six out of the seven sources have a clearly detected compact radio core in our images, with either a null detection or less than 2 per cent detection of polarized emission from the nuclei. Most sources with detected jets have magnetic field alignments running in a longitudinal configuration, however, PKS 1333−33 exhibits transverse fields and an orthogonal change in field geometry from nucleus to jets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines processes that allow us to study the state and distribution of matter during or just after the 'dark ages' of cosmic history. Inclusion of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect from high-redshift clusters, line emission from molecules at very large redshift range; Constraints on the processes and what planned facilities will reveal about the evolution of structure at high redshifts.

Metastatic candida endophthalmitis presented as a unilateral panuveitis in an apparently healthy drug addict. Diagnosis was confirmed by vitrectomy. The eye made an excellent response to treatment with the new antifungal drug, ketoconazole, and 5-fluorocytosine. Problems raised in the diagnosis and management of this infection are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Telekonl Malaysia (TM) was floated as a private enterprise in 1990 as part of the country's overall privatisation programme. The programme included the usual privatisation goals of competition, reduced state involvement, growth and efficiency, but also a redistributional goal to enhance the Bumiputra community. This paper discusses whether the Malaysian government has been able to reconcile all its stated objectives, and suggests that the Bumiputra redistributional goal has been favoured at the expense of the other objectives. It is concluded that the privatisation of TM was cosmetic and that the government has used TM to implement its strategy, mainly through internal control of its corporate affairs, which runs contrary to the most widely accepted views of privatisation. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This is the report on a fatal case of aspergilloma with intracranial mycotic aneurysm associated with infection, confirmed by culture and serology. Drug therapy is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

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This article summarises the reactions of supervisory and managerial employees to a system of flexible working hours. They were seen to be personally very much in favour of the new arrangements but reported difficulties in coordinating their subordinates' work activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the case study of a male patient suffering from Hendersonula torutoidea infection of nails. Dystrophy of toe- and finger-nails has been present for 2 years. He was given ketoconazole 200 mg twice daily for 8 weeks. There has been some improvement but it was not very marked. This demonstrates the clinical similarity to onychomycosis.