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Copyright of Precious Metals / Guijinshu is the property of Precious Metals Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Corruption represents a complex problem firmly embedded within our societal structures, governments, and organizations. The current study aimed to build a clearer consensus on the extent to which perceptions of organizational corruption are associated with organizational hierarchy. Two high-powered close replications of studies 1c and 6 by Fath and Kay provide further evidence for the claim that taller organizational structures are associated with greater perceived potential for corruption, and that these perceptions may compromise subsequent trust-related outcomes. Our results reinforce the importance of organizational design and aim to inspire future works to consider the ways in which researchers and organizations can minimize corruption. Preregistration, data and materials can be found on the OSF: . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using tax centralisation reform enacted to eliminate decentralised tax authorities, we find firms have lower probabilities of tax and accounting fraud since its implementation. Our analysis shows the negative impact of the reform on tax and accounting fraud becomes stronger among firms with weaker tax enforcement, indicating that the reform plays a corporate governance role through strengthening tax enforcement. Additionally, we find this effect is stronger when firm‐level governance is weaker and stronger in firms with higher agency costs. Finally, the reform effect is weaker among non‐state‐owned enterprises with political connections to the central government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses ways in which the scaling strategies of two Dutch non-profit organisations (NPOs) impact their pathways to social enterprise development. The NPOs under investigation seek to address the intertwined issues of hunger, food waste and environmental protection. Comparing and contrasting the two cases, the article discusses the strategies conducive to social enterprise development and the obstacles encountered. Underlying this analysis is a mixed embeddedness perspective which revolves around organisational structure in tandem with institutional pressures affecting the outcome of scaling strategies. So doing, this article makes a contribution to the burgeoning literature on impact scaling, in particular the significance of scaling strategies in the transition of NPOs to social enterprise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study explores how organizational structure and culture in the South African property sector influence decision-making on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) challenges and Green Policy development. It hypothesized that traditional hierarchical structures and non-participative cultures hinder digitalization, impairing data collection essential for informed ESG decisions. In contrast, participative cultures and modern or matrix structures facilitate data-driven insights, expediting ESG and Green Policy advancements. Qualitative methods, including unstructured in-depth interviews with key decision-makers across various sectors (listed companies, commercial developers, financiers, real estate agencies), alongside interviews with digital application developers, provided perspectives on organizational impacts. A systematic literature review supplemented the data. Thematic content analysis of the data revealed traditional structures and cultures complicate decision-making, impede digital transformation, and delay ESG and Green Policy implementation. Conversely, participative cultures and modern structures streamline data-driven decision-making processes, promoting ESG and Green Policy progress. The findings highlight opportunities for traditional organizations to enhance structures and cultures, removing barriers to digitalization and accelerating ESG and Green Policy initiatives. This study underscores the critical role of organization dynamics in fostering sustainability within the built environment, emphasizing digital transformation's importance in driving positive environmental and social outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a detailed exploration of the Afrocentric epistemological perspective of sociocultural constructs that drive the influence of informal structures on corporate strategy and employees. The research focuses on the African context, which has a dearth of studies despite ample research exploring informal structures in Western and Asian socio-ecological contexts. To achieve this, the study employed a systematic literature review through the aid of NVivo 14 and ChatGPT, a language generation model. NVivo 14 provided the study with a tool to manage and analyze the data, and ChatGPT offered a dialogical string that created a clear path for critical analysis. The paper adopted a systematic literature review approach to investigate the origin of the concept of informal structures and their impact on corporate strategy in an Afrocentric context. The findings indicate that informal structures can have a positive influence by facilitating the flow of information, flexibility, and fulfilling social needs and shared values. However, the negative influence of informal structures, including resistance to corporate strategy, social fragmentation, conflict, and political discord, outweighs the positive influence. The study also reveals that there is limited research on the social-ecological context of Africa and its impact on corporate strategy. The paper addresses a contextual gap in the body of knowledge through its contribution that focuses specifically on the Afrocentric context. The research also sheds light on the need for more studies on the social-ecological context of Africa to gain a better understanding of its impact on corporate strategy. Overall, the paper provides a comprehensive and detailed exploration of the Afrocentric perspective of informal structures and their impact on corporate strategy and employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many organisations are increasingly dealing with massive amounts of data to face new competitive challenges. However, even if powerful technologies support data collection and analysis, the lack of appropriate resources and capabilities for handling socio-technical systems often hinders effective decision-making. Hence, this study aims to investigate how performance measurement systems should develop and drive appropriate resources and capabilities to enable effective decision-making for creating a competitive advantage in data-intensive organisations. A case study approach was adopted with seven data-intensive organisations using one-to-one semi-structured interviews, personal observation, and secondary sources such as company documentation, meetings notes, reports, etc. The findings highlight the relevance of organisational structure and cross-functional communication to cultivate senior management commitment and drive to develop data capturing and analytical capabilities to support effective decision-making. The findings also suggest that to enable superior data capturing capability, organisations should leverage on a higher degree of automation, a higher degree of awareness on data value, and data variety for providing accurate and timely information as well as developing new business insights. Similarly, to enable superior data analytics capability, organisations should develop analytical skills, data visualisation, and data-driven culture to make effective decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article explores the potential for remote work within the Czech Republic Police, considering modern technologies and organisational structure. The analysis focuses on the current state of Police officers' remote access and the suitability of such access and identifies areas that offer the most potential for remote working implementation. Methodologically, the study analyses the Police's organisational structure, investigates operations in district and local departments, and defines the police hierarchy. The findings display significant differences in remote access distribution amongst regional directorates. The paper explores the challenges and benefits of implementing remote working in policing and suggests ways to enhance the use of modern technology in the Police's organisational structure. The paper concludes by identifying questions for further research, focusing on differentiating practices related to remote access allocation and analysing the factors that affect their efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The maritime industry is the cornerstone of the transportation of goods worldwide, offering safe, secure and environmentally friendly operations. Greek-owned and managed shipping companies and their successful performance can also be attributed to their unique organisational structure. The present paper explores the operational and theoretical organisational features in relation to Greek shipping companies and establishes to which extent these contribute to their business performance. Primary and secondary sources of information are considered while also employing semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Two shipping companies each with a diverse fleet of vessels are examined through the development of 8 organisational structures and 12 company structural elements. It is found that Greek shipping companies' structure is described by a hybrid organisational framework, combining the family-oriented strong leadership, internal company bonds, solid management, rapid adaptation to change and the attraction of loyal investors. Company A should further streamline the specialist organisational elements within operations (bunkering and chartering), technical and corporate functions (commercial, finance, training, IT, HR, insurance and legal) department while company B should upgrade the finance (accounts and invoice controls teams), HSQE (health, safety, environment, quality), operations (chartering element) and technical (purchasing, new building and performance teams) departments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Contingency studies within logistics and supply chain management have shown a need for longitudinal studies on fit. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the logistics strategy from a process of establishing fit perspective. Design/methodology/approach: A large Swedish building contractor's logistics strategy process was analysed using a longitudinal single-case study for a period of 11 years (2008–2019). Findings: The case study reveals three main constraints to logistics strategy implementation: a dominant purchasing organisation, a lack of incentives and diverging top-management priorities. This suggests that logistics strategy fit is not a conscious choice determined by contextual factors. Research limitations/implications: Establishing fit is a continuous cycle of regaining fit between the logistics context and logistics strategy components. Fit can be achieved by a change to the logistics context or to logistics strategy components. Practical implications: Logistics managers may need to opt for satisfactory fit in view of the costs incurred by changing strategy versus the benefits to be gained from a higher degree of fit. Originality/value: This paper adopts a longitudinal case design to study the fit between the logistics context and strategy, adding to the body of knowledge on organisational design and strategy in logistics and supply chain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The implementation of radiation therapy advanced practice in Australia has not yet been broadly realised. With anticipated growing demands on cancer services, it is imperative to understand why this is the case, and to strategise a way forward. As a result, we explored the factors influencing the implementation of advanced practitioner radiation therapists (APRT) in Australia. The research outcome was a complex process of Navigating Uncertainty, which described the contextual, social and personal factors surrounding implementation successes and challenges. Further synthesis of the findings was undertaken to highlight the fundamental features influencing this process, with the intention to provide a useful understanding for practitioners seeking APRT implementation. Methods: Data were collected through national online focus groups and case studies with 53 participants. Analysis identified a constructivist grounded theory process of Navigating Uncertainty. Further analysis of the categories and properties of the process was undertaken to synthesise findings at a higher level of abstraction. Results: Four overarching and intertwined factors were influencing the implementation of APRT. Uncertainty occurred when practitioners attempted to conceptualise and assimilate the new role into the workplace. Power was apparent in the advocacy and legitimisation of the APRT by centre leaders. Value was vital to achieving purposeful outcomes. Identity was evident in the personal transition of the APRT, and in the boundary work with others. Conclusion: Recognising and negotiating uncertainty, power, value and identity is essential for APRT implementation strategies to succeed. A framework to guide practitioners towards the implementation of APRT has been described that embodies these factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of retailing has become an area of growing scholarly interest over the last few decades, with publications mainly concerning the national historiography of retail and wholesaling. On the other hand, although the retail sector is considered to be one of the most historically significant sectors of the Greek economy, the economic history of the Greek retail industry remains a notoriously underdeveloped area of inquiry and, as such, is on the margins of economic and social studies in Greek historiography. In this paper, we, attempt to provide a first concise (and certainly not exhaustive) analysis of the historical development of the Greek retail sector from the nineteenth century to the present (in circa) day. Specifically, we aim to analyse the evolution of the Greek retail trade to assess the spatial and social impacts associated with establishing and operating "new forms" of commerce. The focus is on the sectoral and organisational restructuring of the retail trade with the changes in the standards of the spatial location, which relate to the establishment and operation of retail businesses. Students and scholars of the history of retailing would benefit from this worthwhile exercise which for the first time provides a first overview of the historical development of the Greek retail sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to explore the individual lived crucible experiences of women leaders in higher education (HE) and business as the catalyst to investigate organisational inequality regimes that prevent women leaders from fully participating, contributing and flourishing at work. Drawing upon Bolman and Deal's four-frame theoretical organisational model, this study analyses women's lived crucible leadership experiences to better understand the organising processes and practices that render intersectionality invisible that reinforce and perpetuate inequality regimes. Design/methodology/approach: A collaborative autoethnographic research method was selected for data collection. The research team members each selected one significant crucible moment from their professional career and used the Gibb's six-part reflective cycle to document their narrative and reflect on their leadership experience. A reflexive thematic analysis was used based on Braun and Clarke's six phases. Findings: The study features the importance of creating a climate in organisations that acknowledges the need for greater equity, diversity and inclusion (EDI) to support women leaders. Four global themes emerged from the analysis of the leadership narratives: organisation, power dynamics, emotional distress and perseverance and intersectionality. These themes illuminate a greater understanding of organisational life for women and confirm the presence of inequality regimes of gender and race. Originality/value: This is the first study to explore the impact of women leaders' crucible experiences through the lens of the Bolman and Deal's model that highlights the need to consider an EDI lens as the fifth frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Beykoz Akademi Dergisi is the property of Beykoz University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Técnica Tributaria is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Asesores Fiscales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of World Nuclear Geoscience is the property of World Nuclear Geoscience Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article addresses determinants of effective strategy implementation in commercial bank of Ethiopia: The case of Ambo district. The objective of the study was to look into the factors influencing the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia's Ambo District strategy's execution. The study used both descriptive and explanatory research methodologies, with a focus on CBE Ambo District workers and a sample of 290 respondents. For the investigation, both primary and secondary data were employed. The primary data was collected using questionnaires and an interviewing guide. For the analysis of the data both descriptive and inferential tactical tools were used. A range of metrics, such as percentages, means, standard deviations and frequencies, were employed. The study employed a multivariate regression model to investigate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The study concluded that the efficacy of the strategy implementation process in CBE, Ambo District, is greatly influenced by organisational leadership, structure, resource allocation, culture and staff dedication. In order to accomplish the intended goals and objectives, it is advised that CBE Ambo district pay attention to the strategy implementation process and the elements impacting its success. In addition, the strategy's execution procedures require sufficient money, on-going oversight and improvement for the success of the firm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Organisation of patients' trajectories is a critical element of nursing practice. However, nursing practice is mainly expressed in terms of direct patient care, while the practices through which care is organised have received little attention, are poorly acknowledged and lack formal recognition. Aim: To examine the management of care trajectories as provided by homecare nurses. Design: We conducted focus group interviews with 29 Danish homecare nurses. The analysis drew on the evidence based and theoretically informed framework care trajectory management. Care trajectory management is conceptualised as comprising of three organisational components: (1) Trajectory awareness, (2) Trajectory working knowledge and (3) Trajectory articulation. Findings The organising work of homecare nursing is both complex and unpredictable requiring advanced organisational, collaborative and clinical competences to secure concerted actions in alignment with the needs of the individual patient. Without having any formal obligation homecare nurses took on the responsibility for the coordination of the different activities of the professional actors, and for securing concerted actions. Care trajectory management as provided by homecare nurses reflected a high degree of commitment for patients and illustrated that this type of organising work was driven by the values of the humanistic ethos of nursing. Conclusion: The study highlights the strength of the invisible and ongoing organising work of homecare nurses. Care trajectory management in homecare reflects the moral foundation of nursing. Consequently, the professional logic of nursing reflected as direct patient care alone is too narrow. We need to acknowledge the organising work of patients' trajectories as a core task equal to direct patient care. Our study highlights the need for articulating the organising work of homecare nurses and for presenting problematic organisational structures to policymakers and managers. If not, the important organisational work of homecare nurses is at the risk of remaining invisible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Administración Pública is the property of Centro de Estudios Politicos y Constitucionales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Sentiment classification can provide the decision support of social applications such as trend judgment, public opinion monitoring, etc. However, the accuracy of sentiment classification for Chinese Weibo is still not satisfactory due to the complexity of Chinese. In addition, affected by the different organisational structure levels, the sentiment tendency of fewer Weibo Comments may be judged to be the opposite. To solve the problem above, this paper presents a Chinese sentiment classification model based on extended sentiment dictionary and organisational structure of comments. First, the sentiment dictionary can be extended by using seven dictionaries, which include the base sentiment dictionary and six additional dictionaries. Then, the sets of rules are constructed, which include inter-sentence rules and organisational structure rules. Finally, comments on three hot topics are crawled and used to make the data sets for sentiment calculation. Accordingly, based on the result of sentiment calculation, sentiment classification is completed. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through comparison experiments, and the experimental results are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of organisational structure and corporate governance on reinsurance decisions in the U.S. property-liability insurance industry. Our evidence shows that mutual insurers, mutual-owned stock insurers and stock insurers whose ultimate parent is publicly traded are likely to purchase more reinsurance from non-affiliated reinsurers than stock insurers closely held by managers. We also find that corporate governance significantly influences reinsurance purchases; specifically, CEO/chairperson duality is associated with lower reinsurance purchases while the percentage of independent directors on the board is positively (negatively) related to reinsurance purchases from non-affiliated (affiliated) reinsurers. Higher audit quality is associated with lower (higher) reinsurance purchases from non-affiliated (affiliated) reinsurers. Moreover, many interaction terms between organisational structure and corporate governance have significant effects on reinsurance decisions. Finally, we provide evidence that the Sarbanes–Oxley Act (SOX) has a substantial effect on the relation between organisational structure (corporate governance) and reinsurance decisions. The overall effect of SOX on reinsurance purchase from non-affiliated reinsurers is negative, implying that better investor protection results in higher risk taking and less risk shifting to outside reinsurers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The enforcement of competition law in digital markets will take some time to evolve and there are still many options for creating the most effective new national competition rules for digital markets. Keywords: competition authority; digital markets; new technologies; organisational structure; new technologies unit EN competition authority digital markets new technologies organisational structure new technologies unit 330 333 4 12/27/22 20221001 NES 221001 This country report discusses the latest information on the New Technologies Unit being lately established in the Office of Competition and Consumer Protection. Application of Competition Law in Digital Markets in Poland Currently, digital markets in Poland are the subject of a number of antitrust and consumer protection proceedings. [Extracted from the article]

South Africa post-1994 had to undergo numerous structural and governance reforms to realise the democratic utopia it imagined for its diverse societies. Societies are characterised by inequality, social ills, and the lack of services that are an aftermath of the separate development and apartheid design of the previous regime. While the core mandate of service delivery and development is attached to local government, for the past 28 years, this sphere has been synonymous with the brunt of negative and undesired outcomes of corruption, maladministration, non-delivery of basic services, and lack of leadership. The purpose of this article is to examine organisational change and its models as a method of achieving governance transformation for the betterment of local government, using the case of Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province. The study employed a qualitative approach and relied on secondary data collected through a thorough examination of literature, government records, and other secondary sources. It used an explanatory case study design to better investigate organisational transformation in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. The study findings reveal that organisational change is important and relevant in the government structure and transitional process, especially in the local sphere of government, to ensure continuity and that service delivery is not compromised. In conclusion, the study makes recommendations and offers an organisational change hybrid model for governance transformation in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last ten years have seen a plethora of organisational studies related to nonprofit organisations (NPOs). Regarding performance measures, the initial approach of NPOs is to adapt models and processes developed in a for-profit context. The NPO performance measurement literature suggests that these models fail in addressing the unique characteristics of NPOs relating to their dynamic and complex environments. The research presented in this paper focus is on organisational performance related studies, and it covers private companies' foundations, technological and professional institutes, and public or government agencies and departments. Ten cases were studied, and the results could not be generalised for NPOs but could be understood in the three different contexts and organisations studied. Foundations are strongly connected to their private supporter, and they are responsible for actions in terms of social responsibility and accountability. Independent institutes are project-oriented organisations that serve specific purposes that are defined by multiple stakeholders, and strongly influenced by the context in which they operate. Public service and government institutions have their operations ruled by an office term period institutional planning framework that deploys government programs and produces performance reports as they have high demands for transparency and accountability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social is the property of Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The marketisation of higher education is a global phenomenon in the new millennium as the universities are facing intense competition to manage their financial resources and maintain their academic growth and reputation. Pakistan is also influenced by the globalisation of higher education. In this context, this study is a genre analysis of the introductory pages of prospectuses o Pakistani universities. Through Bhatia's model of Applied Genre Analysis, a six‐move generic structure has been identified in the introductory pages of prospectuses to establish it as a complex hybrid promotional genre. The most significant communicative purposes are welcoming, informing, and persuading. The universities appear to borrow discourse from genres like accounts, advertisements, management, and the tourist industry. The analysis reveals that marketisation is deeply rooted in today's higher education in Pakistan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentiment classification can provide the decision support of social applications such as trend judgment, public opinion monitoring, etc. However, the accuracy of sentiment classification for Chinese Weibo is still not satisfactory due to the complexity of Chinese. In addition, affected by the different organisational structure levels, the sentiment tendency of fewer Weibo Comments may be judged to be the opposite. To solve the problem above, this paper presents a Chinese sentiment classification model based on extended sentiment dictionary and organisational structure of comments. First, the sentiment dictionary can be extended by using seven dictionaries, which include the base sentiment dictionary and six additional dictionaries. Then, the sets of rules are constructed, which include inter-sentence rules and organisational structure rules. Finally, comments on three hot topics are crawled and used to make the data sets for sentiment calculation. Accordingly, based on the result of sentiment calculation, sentiment classification is completed. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified through comparison experiments, and the experimental results are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many firms have started Industry 4.0 (I4.0) initiatives in recent years, without having a sound understanding of the effects generated by the technologies introduction. This research provides indications of what to expect from the implementation of two key technologies for I4.0: big data analytics and manufacturing execution systems. The study explores the relationships between these technologies' implementation and a set of performance effects. Additionally, it analyses the influence of the organisational structure. A set of hypotheses derived from literature builds the basis for the quantitative analysis of an industry survey with 116 participants from German-speaking countries. The results show that these technologies have distinct, partially unexpected, performance effects. Furthermore, this research provides evidence that the organisational structure of technology implementation plays no significant role in the attainment of higher technology implementation levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden is unusual because it is fully integrated within an academic department, the Department of Communication and Learning in Science. This guest editorial explores the opportunities and challenges of integration and offers observation on the learning from establishing this integrated model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Doxa Comunicación is the property of Fundacion Universitaria San Pablo - CEU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study explores the association of organisational structure, strategic posture, level of differentiation, and integration with the external environment. The unit of analysis of this study is small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in stable and dynamic environments. The study findings showed that the external environment shapes organisational structure, strategy, and level of differentiation and integration. Additionally, the findings of the study revealed that small and medium-sized enterprises work on the same mechanism as large complex organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economics & Environment / Ekonomia i Środowisko is the property of Fundacja Ekonomistow Srodowiska i Zasobow Naturalnych and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Over the past decade, media labs have become an increasingly visible structure to create, catalyse and diffuse innovation within, and beyond, journalism. In this article, we offer insights into the multiple forms media labs can take, and how innovation in the media field is being organised through labs. As such, we focus on innovation processes and practices rather than innovative outcomes. Drawing on 45 semi-structured interviews with media labs around the globe, conducted between 2016 and 2018, this exploratory study explores the multifaceted nature of the media lab concept across academia, legacy media and independent structures. To help better understand the many different manifestations of the media lab construct encountered in our study, this article adopts a purposefully interdisciplinary approach spanning open innovation, institutional and social theories to illuminate and sense-make the global lab phenomena. First, we unpack the media lab construct by detailing the where, what and how of the media labs surveyed in this study. We then suggest that the many forms and functions of labs reveal a complex and nuanced picture of an innovation landscape. We trace this across the ways in which media labs perceive their own roles, and how they relate to wider networks and ecosystems that they engage with, specifically the extent of the openness of their activities. Ultimately, we suggest that media labs are in part shaped by mimetic, coercive and normative isomorphism: media labs are a replicated structure and signifier for innovation but do not exhibit absolute replication: they still retain local variation and mutation, which is influenced by localised factors or influences that are unique to them. They take myriad forms, are located across industry and academia, open, interdisciplinary and, for the main, focus on immediate innovation using user-centred innovation approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study objective was to examine the temporal macrocultural changes in Olympic sports in the United Kingdom and what regulates these changes. We carried out this study integrating grounded theory and action research in a 16-month longitudinal design. We collected data from eighteen interviews with participants from governing sports organisations (n = 6; GSOs) and NGBs (n = 3). came from ethnography with one national governing body; ten focus-groups with athletes, coaches, parents, and NGB personnel; and eight interviews with stakeholders. We found that political will had shielded Olympic sports from societal changes. However, macrocultural changes to social standards and the power of athletes highlighted that the organisational culture was increasingly deficient and required radical changes. GSOs used their systemic power to dictate appropriate avenues for change. Athletes used their reinforced position by speaking out about aspects that challenged the welfare of athletes and others working in Olympic sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explores the vital factors that prevent institutional child care homes from ensuring optimal wellbeing to the children, from becoming development friendly for the children and a real alternate to family system in India. Child care homes are socially and legally constructed rather instituted. They are designed not only to provide a roof to the destitute children, but are expected to contribute significantly for their personality and overall development in the absence of a biological family. Very often institutional care homes are criticised for their failure to provide adequate care and support to the children. In this context, the present study aims to unravel the challenges faced by institutional care system which prevent them from performing their core functions and becoming delivering in character. The study is conducted by the authors in five care homes in the state of Odisha, a state in the eastern province of India. Three care homes are government sponsored while two care homes are managed by private trusts. The researchers have used personal interaction and have administered a semi structured interview schedule to collect the information from the five studied care homes. A tripartite objective has guided the study i.e. to probe into the objectives, organisation and operational strategy. The paper notes that institutional child care homes till date though adhere to some common objectives and organisational structure, fail to have a standardised operational strategy which is basically due to the financial crunch and poor financial management and priority fixation. So, the paper recommends the development and administration of a common guidelines to manage the care homes' functioning, to keep a surveillance on their capital use and their goal setting and goal attainment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article sets out to argue that the complexity, political culture and bureaucratic nature of the Public Sector matter in the analysis of institutional Knowledge Management (KM) implementation as well as knowledge creation and sharing. Hence, existing KM practices in the Public Sector have remained inadequate because they prioritise technical success factors, to the virtual ignorance of organisational power structures which have continued to be prescribed to by Weberian Theory prescripts. The article holds that structural arrangement of an organidation prescribes institutional practices of who shares what with whom and to what extent. The article finds that even when individual employees want to share, they may be hindered by the rigid hierarchical bureaucratic structure and culture of the institution. The article identifies a variety of characteristic features of the Public Sector that inhibit freedom of knowledge creation and exchange; and, it reveals that monetary rewards are not necessarily effective in encouraging knowledge sharing in government structures. For this and such other reasons, the article recommends that there is a need for installing flexible bureaucracies in order to ensure that Public Sectors may successfully implement and operationalise KM, as well as to ensure that Public Sector processes are not politicised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore and capture workforce perceptions, experiences and insights of the phenomena of integrated care (IC) in a community health and care NHS trust in England; including whether there are any associated factors that are enablers, barriers, benefits or challenges; and the level of workforce engagement in the process of integrated health and care. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative design based on an interpretivist research paradigm was used with a purposive sampling technique. Five in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with community nursing, social workers and allied health professionals. Colaizzi's (1978) descriptive phenomenological seven-step method was applied to analyse data, with the emergence of 170 significant statements, 170 formulated meanings and 8 thematic clustering of themes to reveal 4 emergent themes and 1 fundamental structure capturing the essential aspects of the structure of the phenomenon IC. Findings: This study revealed four interdependent emergent themes: (1) Insight of IC and collaboration: affording the opportunity for collaboration, shared goals, vision, dovetailing knowledge, skills and expertise. Professional aspirations of person-centred and strength-based care to improve outcomes. (2) Awareness of culture and professionalism: embracing inter-professional working whilst appreciating the fear of losing professional identity and values. Working relationships based on trust, respect and understanding of professional roles to improve outcomes. (3) Impact of workforce engagement: participants felt strongly about their differing engagement experience in terms of restructuring and redesigning services. (4) Impact of organisational structure: information technology (IT) highlighted a barrier to IC as differing IT platforms prevent interoperability with one system to one patient. Shared positivity of IC, embracing new ways of working. Originality/value: This study proposes considerations for future practice, policy and research from a local, national and global platform, highlighting the need for any IC strategy or policy to incorporate the uniqueness of the "voice of the workforce" as a key enabler to integration developments, only then can IC be a fully collaborative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organisational structure of internal supply chain management (SCM) has received minimal attention. This study organises the two structural properties, formalisation and centralisation, of four organisational types on internal supply chain structure and proposes a design framework for selecting an organisational type. First, this study builds a theoretical basis by reviewing the literature in the fields of not only logistics management and SCM, but also organisational theory and other related areas. Next, this study conducts a multiple case study. Through the cross-case comparison of 10 Japanese manufacturers, this study discusses findings of individual organisational types. Consequently, the organisational type suitable for a firm depends on its own corporate strategies and organisational capabilities, specifically, the degrees of business and/or market diversification and formalised and centralised process operation and process change capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates how employees craft narratives of organisational change failure through the lens of their work identity. We analysed change recipients' retrospective sensemaking accounts of an organisational re-structuring in a university, finding these accounts to be filled with widely varying descriptions of failure – of errors, dysfunction, and loss. We explored how employees' organisational, professional, and work-group identities were intertwined with, and fundamentally challenged by, their sensemaking about the change and its failure. Our inductive analysis revealed four distinct narrative trajectories – Identity Loss, Identity Revision, Identity Affirmation, and Identity Resilience – each characterised by distinct cognitive, affective, and behavioural patterns. We discuss the unique contributions that this study makes to the literatures on organisational change failure, sensemaking, and identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In designing sociotechnical systems, accounting for the phenomenon of self-organisation is critical. Empirical studies show that workers in these systems adapt not just their individual behaviours, but also their collective structures to deal with complex work environments. The concept of self-organisation can explain how such adaptations can be achieved spontaneously, continuously, and relatively seamlessly, and why this phenomenon is important for dealing with instability, uncertainty, and unpredictability in the task demands. However, existing design approaches such as resilience engineering and cognitive work analysis are limited in their capacity to design for self-organisation. This paper demonstrates that the diagram of work organisation possibilities, a recent addition to cognitive work analysis, provides a sound theoretical basis for designing for self-organisation. That is, it shows how essential components of the diagram are aligned with the concept of self-organisation and are well-grounded in empirical observations of adaptation in a variety of sociotechnical systems, specifically emergency management, military, and healthcare systems. Consequently, designs based on this diagram should have the potential to facilitate the emergence of new spatial, temporal, and functional organisational structures from the flexible actions of individual, interacting actors, thereby enhancing a system's capacity for dealing with a dynamic, ambiguous work environment. Future research should focus on validating these ideas and demonstrating their value in industrial settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the negative effects of repetitiveness on employees' well-being, organisational performance and societal expenditure, it is desirable to reduce the number of repetitive jobs. So far, intervention strategies seeking to reduce the number of such jobs have mainly focused on individual jobs, without taking into consideration that these are embedded in organisational structures. Employee surveys and interviews were collected to measure changes in organisational structures and job repetitiveness in 18 different organisations, which had each participated in a sociotechnical redesign programme. The findings show that making work units responsible for a complete product or service (i.e. implementing cells), or installing semi-autonomous teams, results in a decreased number of repetitive jobs. This study underlines the impact of interventions in organisational structures on decreasing the number of repetitive jobs, and challenges current intervention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Golden Triangle—the area where the borders of Thailand, Laos, and Myanmar converge—is considered one of the most complicated narcotics-trafficking hotspots in the world. More research is needed, however, to understand the supply and demand resources as well as the overall structure of transnational narcotics trafficking (TransNT) in this area and neighboring regions. The present paper provides an in-depth examination of the organisational structure of TransNT in the borderland between Vietnam and Laos, using multiple qualitative approaches to identify four key aspects of trafficking groups in this area: namely, group size, the relative centrality of lead actors in the trafficking networks, the flexibility and adaptability of network operations, and the personal attributes of traffickers. Depending on the number of drug traffickers involved, TransNT in Vietnam can be separated into small, medium, and large-scale groups; however, drug markets in Vietnam are not controlled by monopolistic groups or 'cartels'. Notably, cross-border networks tend to have a fluid structure characterised by a sophisticated modus operandi from the preparation stages to the later stages of trafficking activity, enabling the criminal networks to achieve their goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prior literature highlights the competing institutional logics corporate venture capital (CVC) units have to face due to their intermediary position between the two environments in which they operate — the VC industry and the corporate firm. By conducting an inductive case study of 20 CVC units, we unravel how novel organisational subunits reconcile the conflicting logics in terms of their organisational structure. We show that, instead of fully aligning with one or the other environment, most units form hybrid organisations incorporating elements of both logics. Our data suggest that CVC units tend to follow the hybridisation strategy of selective coupling rather than apply strategies of compromising or decoupling. The type of structure depends on factors on the intra-, inter-organisational and industry level. We further suggest a specific hybridisation pattern that is especially beneficial in the achievement of a unit's strategic objectives. Our findings contribute to both institutional theory and CVC literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Voting and decision making in FIFA was in 2011 shifted from the executive committee to the FIFA congress with the aim to reduce risk of corrupt vote mobilisation in these elections. A key rationale behind this decision was that it would not be financially feasible to bribe a majority of the congress. However, the network structure with asymmetries of influence can still be susceptible to corruption. The aim of this study is therefore to analyse the potential susceptibility of the organisation structure to a grand vote-rigging corruption scheme of FIFA World Cup host elections by means of a social network analysis approach. Based on a theoretical notion of vote mobilisation and inter-organisational networks, the organisational structure is evaluated to identify potential susceptibility to corruption. Two possible regimes were analysed, the centrally controlled and horizontally controlled, based on structural cohesion, embeddedness, network centralisation and correlation between actor centrality distributions. Findings do not suggest a susceptibility to a centrally controlled, but to a horizontally controlled vote-rigging corruption scheme. After the social network analysis was conducted, the holders of five out of eleven of the identified vulnerable positions in the network have been charged with allegations of corruption. This is a strong indicator of the validity of the method to assess the structural susceptibility to corruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental uncertainty, social public events and increasing challenges has raised the urgency for the need to improve organisational resilience of construction projects, which is of great significance to the success and governance of construction projects. This study explores the organisational resilience factors that affect the success of construction projects based on a literature review and the actual situation and abstracts them into four explanatory variables: situation monitoring, organisational structure, organisational culture and participants. Through the crisp-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (csQCA) method, 15 Chinese cases that meet the research conditions are compared and analysed, and two effective conditional configurations obtained. The results show that in the absence of timely monitoring of the changes in the situation, flexible organisational structure, cohesive organisational culture and participation of multiple subjects can promote the success of the construction project. The synergy of multiple participants can make up for the lack of organisational culture to a certain extent. Moreover, public participation and big data applications should be given full attention in the improvement of organisational resilience. This study can provide a basis for construction projects to reasonably match organisational resilience conditions to cope with crisis and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at the relationship among elements of an organisational structure (i.e. formalisation, centralisation and integration) with project success, and examines whether the relationships are mediated by knowledge sharing. There is limited understanding with regard to how various elements of organisational structure relate to knowledge sharing and project success. Taking a contingency approach and grounding our argument in the resource-based view of the firm, we show that certain elements of organisational structures have positive implications for the project organisation. We draw on survey data from 220 respondents serving in (public and private) project-based telecom service provider firms in Pakistan. Our results show that formalisation and integration are conducive to project success, but centralisation is negatively related to project success. Knowledge sharing mediates the relationship between integration and project success for both the public and private telecom firms, but in case of formalisation, knowledge sharing mediation exists only for the public firms. Based on these results, we draw some implications for theory and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]