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Background: Environmental toxicants may impact survival in children with cancer, but the literature investigating these associations remains limited. Because oil and gas developments emit several hazardous air pollutants, the authors evaluated the relationship between residential proximity to oil or gas development and survival across 21 different pediatric cancers. Methods: The Texas Cancer Registry had 29,730 children (≤19 years old) diagnosed with a primary cancer between 1995 to 2017. Geocoded data were available for 285,266 active oil or gas wells and 109,965 horizontal wells. The authors calculated whether each case lived within 1000 m (yes/no) from each type of oil or gas development. Survival analyses were conducted using Cox regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: A total of 14.2% of cases lived within 1000 m of an oil or gas well or horizontal well. Living within 1000 m of an oil or gas well was associated with risk of mortality in cases with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.84) and hepatoblastoma (aHR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.03–4.39). An inverse association was observed with Ewing sarcoma (aHR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.13–0.95). No associations were observed with horizontal well. There was evidence of a dose‐response effect in children with AML or hepatoblastoma and residential proximity to oil or gas wells. In general, the magnitude of association increased with decreasing distance and with higher number of wells across the three distances. Conclusions: Residential proximity to oil or gas wells at diagnosis is associated with the risk of mortality in children with AML or hepatoblastoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-associated neurodegenerative condition marked by amyloid plaques, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal loss. Besides conventional medical care, herbal therapies, both raw and refined, have attracted researchers for their potential therapeutic effects. As a proof-of-concept, our study combined HPLC-DAD analysis of bioactive constituents, network pharmacology, molecular dynamics (MD), molecular docking, post-MD analysis, and experimental verification to investigate the mechanisms of crude drug formulations as a therapeutic strategy for AD. We identified nine bioactive compounds targeting 188 proteins and 1171 AD-associated genes. Using a Venn diagram, we found 47 overlapping targets, forming "herb-compound-target (HCT)" interaction networks and a protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network. Simulations analyzed binding interactions among the three core targets and their compounds. MD assessed the stability of the best-ranked poses and beneficial compounds for each protein. Among the top 22 hub genes, AChE, BChE, and MAO, ranked 10, 14, and 34, respectively, were selected for further analysis. Two tetraherbal formulations, Form A and Form B, showed notable activity against AChE. Form A exhibited significant (p < 0.0001) inhibitory activity (IC50 = 114.842 ± 2.084 µg/mL) compared to Form B (IC50 = 142.829 ± 4.258 µg/mL), though weaker than galantamine (IC50 = 27.950 ± 0.122 µg/mL). Form B had significant inhibitory effects on BChE (IC50 = 655.860 ± 32.812 µg/mL) compared to Form A (IC50 = 679.718 ± 20.656 µg/mL), but lower than galantamine (IC50 = 23.126 ± 0.683 µg/mL). Both forms protected against Fe2+-mediated brain injury by inhibiting MAO. Docking identified quercetin (−10.2 kcal/mol) and myricetin (−10.1 kcal/mol) for AChE; rutin (−10.6 kcal/mol) and quercetin (−9.7 kcal/mol) for BChE; and kaempferol (−9.1 kcal/mol) and quercetin (−8.9 kcal/mol) for MAO. These compounds were thermodynamically stable based on MD analysis. Collectively, the results offer a scientific rationale for the use of these specifically selected medicinal herbs as AD medications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a multiuser multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) overlay cognitive radio (CR) network, an opportunistic interference alignment (IA) technique has been proposed that allows spectrum sharing between primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) while ensuring zero interference to the PU. The CR system consists of one PU and K SUs where the PU uses space-time water-filling (ST-WF) algorithm to optimize its transmission and in the process, frees up unused eigenmodes that can be exploited by the SU. The SUs make use of an optimal power allocation algorithm to align their transmitted signals in such a way their interference impairs only the PUs unused eigenmodes. Since the SUs optimal power allocation algorithm turns out to be an optimal beamformer with multiple eigen-beams, this work initially proposes combining the diversity gain property of space-time block codes, the zero-forcing function of IA and beamforming to optimize the SUs transmission rates. This proposed solution requires availability of channel state information (CSI), and to eliminate the need for CSI, this work then combines Differential Space-Time Block Coding (DSTBC) scheme with optimal IA precoders (consisting of beamforming and zero-forcing) to maximize the SUs data rates. Simulation results confirm the accuracy of the proposed solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plantain (Musa paradisiaca) has several bioactive components responsible for its pharmacological effects. The present study investigated the comparative antioxidative potential of different plantain part extracts: plantain whole fruit extract (PWFE), plantain pulp extract (PPPE), and plantain peel extract (PPLE) on FeSO₄-induced oxidative stress in isolated rat testes. Oxidative imbalance was induced in the rat testes ex vivo by incubating testis homogenate with 0.1 mM ferrous sulphate (FeSO4) in the presence or absence of plantain extracts at different concentrations (30, 60, 120, and 240 µg/mL) for 30 min at 37 °C. FeSO4 significantly reduced the levels of antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and reduced glutathione (GSH), while elevating the level of oxidative stress markers like malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, FeSO4 raised the levels of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and nitric oxide (NO). Moreover, FeSO4 significantly elevated the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (vLDL), but reduced the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). However, PWFE, PPPE, and PPLE improved FeSO4-induced oxidative stress and lipid profiling. In particular, the extracts reduced the cellular concentrations of MDA, NO, AChE, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and vLDL but elevated the levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, and HDL. The results demonstrate the capacity of the different parts of plantain to attenuate FeSO4-induced oxidative injury in rat testes ex vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research into the impacts of oxidative stress (OS), and hormonal balance on reproductive potential has increased over the last 40 years possibly due to rising male infertility. Decreased antioxidant levels and increased OS in tissues result from hormonal imbalance, which in turn leads to male infertility. Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in seminal plasma has been linked to many lifestyle factors such as alcohol and tobacco use, toxicant exposure, obesity, varicocele, stress, and aging. This article provides an overview of the crosslink between OS and gonadal hormone disruption, as well as a potential mode of action in male infertility. Disrupting the equilibrium between ROS generation and the antioxidant defense mechanism in the male reproductive system may affect key hormonal regulators of male reproductive activities. Unchecked ROS production may cause direct injury on reproductive tissues or could disrupt normal regulatory mechanisms of the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis and its interaction with other endocrine axes, both of which have negative effects on male reproductive health and can lead to male infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sphingolipids are ubiquitous in membranes of eukaryotes and are associated with important cellular functions. Although sphingolipids occur scarcely in bacteria, for some of them they are essential and, in other bacteria, they contribute to fitness and stability of the outer membrane, such as in the well-studied α-proteobacterium Caulobacter crescentus. We previously defined five structural genes for ceramide synthesis in C. crescentus, among them the gene for serine palmitoyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyzes the committed step of sphingolipid biosynthesis. Other mutants affected in genes of this same genomic region show cofitness with a mutant deficient in serine palmitoyltransferase. Here we show that at least two phosphosphingolipids are produced in C. crescentus and that at least another six gene products are needed for the decoration of ceramide upon phosphosphingolipid formation. All eleven genes participating in phosphosphingolipid formation are also required in C. crescentus for membrane stability and for displaying sensitivity towards the antibiotic polymyxin B. The genes for the formation of complex phosphosphingolipids are also required for C. crescentus virulence on Galleria mellonella insect larvae. Author summary: Sphingolipids participate in the formation of biological membranes and molecular signaling in higher organisms. Many bacteria also accommodate sphingolipids in their membranes. Here we report that eleven genes participate in the synthesis of complex bacterial phosphosphingolipids. Our data show that these lipids contribute to membrane stability, but also confer sensitivity towards certain antibiotics. The bacterium Caulobacter crescentus is widely distributed in freshwater lakes and streams and was considered to be non-virulent. However, it has recently been shown that C. crescentus can be virulent in certain model systems and we demonstrate that complex phosphosphingolipids are important for its virulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since its discovery, numerous studies have shown the role of the microbiota in well‐being and disease. The gut microbiota represents an essential factor that plays a multidirectional role that affects not just the gut but also other parts of the body, including the brain, endocrine system, humoral system, immune system, and metabolic pathways, as well as host‐microbiome interactions. Through a comprehensive analysis of existing literature using the desktop research methodology, this review elucidates the mechanisms by which gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to metabolic dysfunction, including obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, hyperuricemia, and hyperglycaemia. Furthermore, it examines the bidirectional communication pathways between gut microbiota and host metabolism, highlighting the role of microbial‐derived metabolites, immune modulation, and gut barrier integrity in shaping metabolic homeostasis. Importantly, the review identifies promising therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiota as potential interventions for metabolic syndrome, including probiotics, prebiotics, symbiotics, dietary modifications, and faecal microbiota transplantation. By delineating the bidirectional interactions between gut microbiota and metabolic syndrome, the review not only advances our understanding of disease pathophysiology but also underscores the potential for innovative microbiota‐based interventions to mitigate the global burden of metabolic syndrome and its associated complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uptake of PrEP remains suboptimal, especially in the Southern United States. Same-day or "Rapid PrEP Initiatives" (RPIs) in sexual health centers (SHCs) could facilitate access and overcome barriers to PrEP. We studied the adaptation of an RPI from Denver, Colorado to an SHC in New Orleans, Louisiana. Through focus group discussions (FGDs) with local SHC staff and PrEP providers, we developed a preliminary RPI model. In 5 FGDs with SHC clients referred for or taking PrEP, we gathered adaptation recommendations and feedback on model acceptability, feasibility, and utility. Providers and clients voiced unanimous support for the RPI. Clients favored the ease of same-day PrEP initiation and emphasized a desire for navigational support, financial counseling, and integration of PrEP care with their other clinical needs. Clients recommended that SHC providers discuss PrEP and HIV with all patients, regardless of providers' perception of risk. Next steps include small-scale implementation and evaluation. Plain Language Summary: Client Perspectives on the Development of a Same-Day PrEP Initiation Protocol at a Sexual Health Center in New Orleans, Louisiana Uptake of PrEP remains low, especially in the Southern United States. Same-day or "Rapid PrEP Initiatives" (RPIs) in sexual health centers (SHCs) could facilitate access and overcome barriers to PrEP. RPIs provide eligible clients with an opportunity to start PrEP on the same day they receive screening for sexually transmitted infections. We studied the adaptation of an RPI from Denver, Colorado, to an SHC in New Orleans, Louisiana. Through focus group discussions (FGDs) with local SHC staff and PrEP providers, we developed a preliminary RPI model. In five FGDs with SHC clients referred for or taking PrEP, we gathered adaptation recommendations and feedback on RPI model acceptability, feasibility, and utility. Providers and clients voiced unanimous support for the RPI. Clients favored the ease of same-day PrEP initiation and emphasized a desire for navigational support, financial counseling, and integration of PrEP care with their other clinical needs. Clients recommended that SHC providers discuss PrEP and HIV with all patients, regardless of providers' perception of risk. Next steps include small-scale implementation and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Welding is one of the major operations in many industries as it provides a durable means of joining metals and ensuring that diverse equipments are created to meet the growing needs of the manufacturing industries. To enhance the production of these diverse equipments, studies are continually been performed to identify improved means of obtaining reliable joints. This study applies the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) technique, in improving the predictability of the optimal weld characteristics for a mild steel welded joints, with focus on tensile strength and hardness as responses. From the study, the variation in tensile strength and hardness as a result of the process parameter effects is illustrated, and it reveals the optimal tensile strength, and hardness is obtained at the combined input parameters: 170 Amp, 20 V, 24 l/min, and 2.2 mm for the tensile strength and 220 Amp, 20 V, 20 l/min, and 2.4 mm for the hardness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasitic protozoan with a high infection rate in mammals, including humans, and birds. There is no effective vaccine, and treatment relies on antiparasitic drugs. However, existing antiprotozoal drugs have strong side effects and other problems; therefore, new treatment approaches are needed. Metal nanoparticles have attracted increased interest in the biomedical community in recent years because of their extremely high surface area to volume ratio and their unique reactivity that could be exploited for medicinal purposes. Previously, we confirmed the anti-Toxoplasma effects of gold, silver, and platinum nanoparticles, in a growth inhibition test. Here, we asked whether the anti-Toxoplasma effect could be confirmed with less expensive metal nanoparticles, specifically iron oxide nanoparticles (goethite and hematite). To improve the selective action of the nanoparticles, we modified the surface with l-tryptophan as our previous findings showed that the bio-modification of nanoparticles enhances their selectivity against T. gondii. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the successful coating of the iron oxide nanoparticles with l-tryptophan. Subsequently, cytotoxicity and growth inhibition assays were performed. L-tryptophan-modified nanoparticles showed superior anti-Toxoplasma action compared to their naked nanoparticle counterparts. L-tryptophan enhanced the selective toxicity of the iron oxide nanoparticles toward T. gondii. The bio-modified nanoparticles did not exhibit detectable host cell toxicity in the effective anti-Toxoplasma doses. To elucidate whether reactive oxygen species contribute to the anti-Toxoplasma action of the bio-modified nanoparticles, we added Trolox antioxidant to the assay medium and found that Trolox appreciably reduced the nanoparticle-induced growth inhibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr. Harold W. (Bill) Kohl III had a significant impact on the field of physical activity and public health. His seminal works included the first study linking physical fitness to all-cause mortality and his 2012 paper in The Lancet, which emphasized the importance of addressing physical inactivity as a global public health concern. However, his most enduring legacy may be his commitment to mentorship and building capacity within the field. He created a supportive environment for his mentees, fostering collaboration and growth. He also dedicated himself to mentoring international scholars and played a crucial role in the formation and expansion of regional physical activity groups, particularly in Latin America. Dr. Kohl's mentorship was characterized by generosity, respect, high expectations, empathy, and humor. He emphasized the importance of measuring what matters and encouraged his mentees to think critically and consider the broader implications of their research. Despite his loss, his mentees are privileged to have learned from one of the best and are committed to carrying forward his legacy. [Extracted from the article]

This study conceptualises the extent of supply chain collaboration in the oil and gas (O&G) sector using the evidence from the literature and the primary data collected from supply chain practitioners across various companies in the UK O&G sector. The goal is to establish how the sector can address its traditional narrow and adversary relationships that undermine the sector's ability to be resilient and competitive considering the volatility of global oil prices and the trilemma (i.e., energy transition, energy security, and energy diversification) of issues facing the sector. Using exploratory quantitative online surveys, data were collected from 82 supply chain practitioners across Tier 1, 2, and 3 companies in the UK O&G sector. The collected data were analysed thematically, providing deeper insights into supply chain collaboration, including its motivations and barriers in the UK O&G sector. The findings show that the pattern of collaboration in the O&G sector is transient, situational, and mostly influenced by the sector's performance and global economic situations. The findings further show that the nature of the relationship in the O&G sector is mostly dependent on how it contributes to the performance of each business rather than the supply chain. This study argues that businesses in the oil and gas sector need to re-examine their relationships to enhance their competitiveness. It proposes that the sector should embrace strategic collaborations as the sector faces many disruptions, particularly from energy transition and the decommissioning of assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Improvements in sickle cell disease (SCD) care have resulted in the survival of many patients into adulthood, although this is accompanied by the increased incidence of end-organ damage, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and predictors of renal dysfunction in SCD patients and investigated the associated renal histopathologic changes. Methods: We evaluated 105 patients with SCD, for proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and tubular dysfunction. Renal biopsy was conducted on 22 patients who qualified. Data were analysed using SPSS package version 23. Results: Thirty-seven (35.2%) of the 105 patients had CKD, as defined by an eGFR of 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and/or proteinuria. The fractional excretion of potassium (FEK) was elevated in all patients, whereas the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) was elevated in 98.1%. Glomerular filtration rate was negatively correlated with irreversible percentage sickle cell count (r = −0.616, P = 0.0001), FEK (r = −0.448, P = 0.0001) and FENa (r = −0.336, P = 0.004). Age, irreversible percentage sickle cell count, haemoglobin levels and FENa were the major predictors of CKD. The histological pattern in the 22 patients who had biopsies was consistent with mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis 11 (50%), minimal change disease 6 (27.3%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis 3 (13.6%) and interstitial nephritis 2 (9.1%). Conclusions: CKD was prevalent in SCD patients, and it was characterised by tubular dysfunction and mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis. The main predictors of CKD were increased age, severity of vaso-occlusive crisis, worsening anaemia and tubular dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to the herbicide atrazine has been shown to have deleterious effects on human and animal reproduction. To determine whether atrazine influences the brain‐pituitary‐testicular axis directly or indirectly, the present study examined the toxic effects of atrazine on fertility potential by assessing gonadal hormones, testicular function indices, sperm quality, and oxido‐inflammatory markers in rats. Twelve animals were grouped into two groups; control and atrazine. The control group received oral administration of olive oil (2 mL/kg), while the atrazine group received 120 mg/kg of atrazine. Treatments were daily and lasted for 7 days. Upon treatment cessation, rats were necropsied for biochemical and histopathological analyses. The biochemical function indices in the rat brain, testis, and epididymis decreased significantly in the atrazine group. Atrazine exposure led to decreases in gonadal hormonal concentrations, semen quality parameters, and testicular function indices compared with the control. Furthermore, there was a marked increase in oxidative stress and inflammatory markers as well as degeneration of the histo‐architecture in atrazine‐treated rats. Overall, atrazine exposure impaired sperm quality, led to increased inflammation and oxidative stress, and decreased the activity of the brain‐pituitary‐testicular axis via endocrine disruption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pharmacological strategies are often central to chronic pain management; however, pain treatment among non-Hispanic Black men may differ because of their disease profiles and healthcare interactions. However, less is known about pain medication prescribing and patients' satisfaction with pain treatment and management among non-Hispanic Black men with self-reported chronic pain.Purpose: This study assessed factors associated with non-Hispanic Black men being prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids for chronic pain and their satisfaction with pain treatment/management.Methods: Data were analyzed from 286 non-Hispanic Black men with chronic pain who completed an internet-delivered questionnaire. Participants were recruited nationwide using a Qualtrics web-based panel. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with being prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids for pain management treatment. Then, ordinary least squares regression was used to identify factors associated with their satisfaction level with the pain treatment/management received.Results: On average, participants were 56.2 years old and 48.3% were prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids for chronic pain. Men with more chronic conditions (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.57, P = 0.043) and depression/anxiety disorders (OR = 0.53, P = 0.029) were less likely to be prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids. Men who were more educated (OR = 2.09, P = 0.044), reported more frequent chronic pain (OR = 1.28, P = 0.007), and were allowed to participate more in decisions about their pain treatment/management (OR = 1.11, P = 0.029) were more likely to be prescribed/recommended narcotics/opioids. On average, men with more frequent chronic pain (B = − 0.25, P = 0.015) and pain problems (B = − 0.16, P = 0.009) were less satisfied with their pain treatment/management. Men who were allowed to participate more in decisions about their pain treatment/management reported higher satisfaction with their pain treatment/management (B = 0.55, P < 0.001).Conclusion: Playing an active role in pain management can improve non-Hispanic Black men's satisfaction with pain treatment/management. This study illustrates the importance of patient-centered approaches and inclusive patient-provider interactions to improve chronic pain management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study empirically examined the role of the country's absorptive capacity on the impact of domestic investment on economic growth in the selected five African countries over the study period of 1970 to 2019. In specific, the study examined the impact of domestic investment on economic growth from two models, without the country's absorptive capacity and with the country's absorptive capacity. Further, a robust linear ordinary least squares (OLS) methodology including static panel OLS and panel cointegration estimators was employed. The study found that only changes in financial development and infrastructures positively cause changes in the domestic investment-economic growth nexus in the short run while in the long run, trade openness enhances the positive impact of domestic investment on economic growth in African countries. In addition, the study found that domestic investment retards economic growth without the country's absorptive capacity in the short run and long run respectively in African countries. Therefore, the study recommended that policymakers should invest heavily in infrastructure and financial development systems as well as encourages trade openness for a stable domestic investment-economic growth nexus in African countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaria is a global health challenge with endemicity in sub-Saharan Africa, where there are multiple drug-resistant strains and limited access to modern health care facilities, especially in rural areas. Studies indicate that African traditional medicine could make a substantial contribution to the reduction of malaria-related deaths and achievement of universal health coverage (UHC), particularly in these regions. Thus, this study evaluated the curative antimalarial effects of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract using mouse model. Forty-five (45) albino mice weighing between 18 and 22 g were grouped into nine groups of 5 animals each. Animals in groups 2–9 were infected with the chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium berghei, while animals in groups 3–9 were subsequently treated with 10 mg/kg chloroquine, a combination of 1.4 mg/kg artemether and 8.75 mg/kg lumefantrine (Coartem), and varying concentrations of the fraction from the aqueous leaf extract of C. odorata at day 3 post-infection. The findings from this study indicate that treatment with 400 mg/kg of the ethanolic fraction of the crude extract resulted in a significant decrease in parasite load (97.6%), which was comparable to the activities of the conventional drugs chloroquine (98.6%) and Coartem (98.8%). The ethyl acetate and ethanolic fractions at 400 mg/kg also ameliorated the significant alterations in the red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets of the infected animals. The high antimalarial activity displayed by the ethanolic fraction could be due to the presence of quercetin and kaempferol, as detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The findings suggest that the fractions from C. odorata could serve as an alternative source of malaria therapy, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Curcumin (CUR) is known for its wide folkloric effects on various infections; however, its solubility status has remained a hindrance to its bioavailability in the host. This study evaluated the comparative effects of CUR and CUR-nanoparticle in vitro on T. congolense, T. b. brucei, and T. evansi. Additionally, CUR and CUR-nanoparticle anti-Trypanosoma efficacy were assessed in vivo against T. congolense. All the CUR-nanoparticles were two folds more effective on the T. congolense as compared to CUR in vitro, with recorded efficacy of 3.67 ± 0.31; 7.61 ± 1.22; and 6.40 ± 3.07 μM, while the CUR-nanoparticles efficacy was 1.56 ± 0.50; 28.16 ± 9.43 and 13.12 ± 0.13 μM on T. congolense, T. b. brucei, and T. evansi, respectively. Both CUR and CUR-nanoparticles displayed moderate efficacy orally. The efficacy of CUR and CUR-nanoparticles in vivo was influenced by solubility, presence of food, and treatment period. CUR-treated mice were not cured of the infection; however, the survival rate of the orally treated mice was significantly prolonged as compared with intraperitoneal-treated mice. CUR-nanoparticles resulted in significant suppression of parasitemia even though relapsed was observed. In conclusion, CUR and CUR-nanoparticles possess moderate efficacy orally on the trypanosomes as compared to the intraperitoneal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Folk medicine is crucial to healthcare delivery in the underdeveloped countries. It is frequently used as a primary treatment option or as a complementary therapy for malaria. Malaria is a deadly disease which greatly threatens global public health, claiming incredible number of lives yearly. The study was aimed at documenting the medicinal plants used for malaria treatment in folk medicine in Kwara State, Nigeria. Methods: Ethnobotanical information was collected from selected consenting registered traditional medicine practitioners (TMPs) through oral face-to-face interviews using in-depth, semi-structured interview guide. The ethnobotanical data were analysed, and descriptive statistical methods were used to compile them. Results: Sixty-two indigenous medicinal plants, including 13 new plants, used for malaria treatment were identified in this study. The TMPs preferred decoction in aqueous solvent (34%) and steeping in decaffeinated soft drink (19%) for herbal preparations. Oral administration (74%) was the main route of administration, while leaves (40%) and stem barks (32%) were the most dominant plant parts used in herbal preparations. The most cited families were Fabaceae (15%) and Rutaceae (6%), while Mangifera indica (77.14%), Enantia chlorantha (65.71%), Alstonia boonei (57.14%) followed by Cymbopogon citratus (54.29%) were the most used plants. Besides, the antimalarial activities of many of the plants recorded and their isolated phytocompounds have been demonstrated. Furthermore, the conservation status of 4 identified plants were Vulnerable. Conclusion: The study showed strong ethnobotanical knowledge shared by the TMPs in the State and provides preliminary information that could be explored for the discovery of more potent antimalarial compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As exposure assessment has shifted towards community-engaged research there has been an increasing trend towards reporting results to participants. Reports aim to increase environmental health literacy, but this can be challenging due to the many unknowns regarding chemical exposure and human health effects. This includes when reports encompass a wide-range of chemicals, limited reference or health standards exist for those chemicals, and/or incompatibility of data generated from exposure assessment tools with published reference values (e.g., comparing a wristband concentration to an oral reference dose). Methods: Houston Hurricane Harvey Health (Houston-3H) participants wore silicone wristbands that were analyzed for 1,530 organic compounds at two time-points surrounding Hurricane Harvey. Three focus groups were conducted in separate neighborhoods in the Houston metropolitan area to evaluate response to prototype community and individual level report-backs. Participants (n = 31) evaluated prototype drafts using Likert scales and discussion prompts. Focus groups were audio-recorded, and transcripts were analyzed using a qualitative data analysis program for common themes, and quantitative data (ranking, Likert scales) were statistically analyzed. Results: Four main themes emerged from analysis of the transcripts: (1) views on the report layout; (2) expression of concern over how chemicals might impact their individual or community health; (3) participants emotional response towards the researchers; and (4) participants ability to comprehend and evaluate environmental health information. Evaluation of the report and key concerns differed across the three focus groups. However, there was agreement amongst the focus groups about the desire to obtain personal exposure results despite the uncertainty of what the participant results meant. Conclusions: The report-back of research results (RBRR) for community and individual level exposure assessment data should keep the following key principles in mind: materials should be accessible (language level, data visualization options, graph literacy), identify known information vs unknown (e.g., provide context for what exposure assessment data means, acknowledge lack of current health standards or guidelines), recognize and respect community knowledge and history, and set participant expectations for what they can expect from the report. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exposure to the herbicide atrazine (ATZ) has deleterious effects on male fertility. This fact underscores the need for measures to protect against the detrimental impact of atrazine exposure on male fertility. The study assessed the protective effects of plantain-based diet (PBD) on rat testes exposed to ATZ by exploring oxid-inflammatory homeostasis. The study evaluated the preventive and therapeutic effects of PBD in a two-phased experiment. Male rats were randomized into seven groups for therapeutic model (Control, ATZ only, ATZ recovery, ATZ + 50% PBD, ATZ + 25% PBD, ATZ + 12.5% PBD and ATZ + quercetin-QUE) while the preventive model had ten groups (Control, ATZ, 50% PBD + ATZ, 25% PBD + ATZ, 12.5% PBD + ATZ and QUE + ATZ). The oxidative stress parameters (DNA fragmentation and MDA level), purinergic activity (ATPase), acetylcholine esterase, and inflammatory markers (NO level, MPO activity, and TNF-α) were increased while the Nrf2 levels were decreased by the ATZ treatment. However, the PBD was able to restore the oxido-inflammatory parameters in the rat testes. The chemical fingerprint of the diet revealed that the diets contained 16 bioactive compounds with quercetin being the most prominent compound. Overall, treatment with PBD was able to protect and prevent the toxicity caused by ATZ by modulating the redox and inflammatory status as well as purinergic activity in the rat testes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Distributed space time frequency coding (DSTFC) schemes address problems of performance degradation encountered by cooperative broadband networks operating in highly mobile environments. Channel state information (CSI) acquisition is, however, impractical in such highly mobile environments. Therefore, to address this problem, designers focus on incorporating differential designs with DSTFC for signal recovery in environments where neither the relay nodes nor destination have CSI. Traditionally, unitary matrix-based differential designs have been used to generate the differentially encoded symbols and codeword matrices. Unitary based designs are suitable for cooperative networks that utilize the amplify-and-forward protocol where the relay nodes are typically required to forego differential decoding. In considering other scenarios where relay nodes are compelled to differentially decode and re-transmit information signals, we propose a novel co-efficient vector differential distributed quasi-orthogonal space time frequency coding (DQSTFC) scheme for decode-and-forward cooperative networks. Our proposed space time frequency coding scheme relaxes the need for constant channel gain in the temporal and frequency dimensions over long symbol periods; thus, performance degradation is reduced in frequency-selective and time-selective fading environments. Simulation results illustrate the performance of our proposed co-efficient vector differential DQSTFC scheme under different channel conditions. Through pair-wise error probability analysis, we derive the full diversity design criteria for our code. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:Asthma is a prolonged inflammatory disorder of the airways, that affects an estimated 300 million people worldwide. Asthma is triggered by numerous endogenous and exogenous stimuli with symptoms like wheezing, cough, short of breath, chest tightening, airway obstruction, and hyperreactivity observed in patients. Objective: The review seeks to identify targets of redox imbalance and inflammation that could be explored to create effective treatments for asthma. Methods: The methodology involved a search and review of literature relating to asthma pathogenesis, redox homeostasis, and inflammation. Results: Eosinophils and neutrophils are involved in asthma pathogenesis. These inflammatory cells generate high levels of endogenous oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide and superoxide, which could result in redox imbalance in the airways of asthmatics. Redox imbalance occurs when the antioxidant systems becomes overwhelmed resulting in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and inflammation have been linked with asthma inflammation and severity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) cause lung inflammation by activating nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), activator protein-1, as well as additional transcription factors. These factors stimulate cytokine production which ultimately activates inflammatory cells in the bronchi, causing lung cellular injury and destruction. ROS/RNS is also produced by these inflammatory cells to eradicate invading bacteria. Antioxidant treatments for asthma have not yet been fully explored. Conclusion: Redox and inflammatory processes are viable targets that could be explored to create better therapy for asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of water used by humans is of great importance owing to its association with health and wholeness. The potability of water in Onne Township, Eleme, Rivers State, Nigeria, was assessed using the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and water quality index (WQI).WQI is a global tool employed in water assessment studies. Twenty (20) borehole water samples were collected by stratified random sampling from four (4) clans within the township: Alejor, Ekara, Agbeta, and Ogoloma. The water samples were assessed for physicochemical parameters and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Although the concentration of PAHs were below World Health Organization (WHO) standard limits (<0.005), the Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) is yet to establish limit values for PAHs for potable water in Nigeria. The water quality index (WQI) scores for Alejor, Ekara, Agbeta, and Ogoloma were 96.21, 70.01, 92.62, and 339, respectively. Based on the WQI findings, the water samples from the first three clans were excellent, whereas water samples from Ogoloma were not potable. However, the common low mean pH values of water in Onne (4.33–5.62) compared to WHO and NSDWQ standards (6.5–8.5) present a public health concern for community residents. In contrast, current findings suggest that PAHs in borehole water samples may not constitute a public health nuisance due to their extremely low concentrations in tested water samples. However, there might be a need to treat borehole water samples in Onne before consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerous studies have tested the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis, yet, fewer studies have considered the disaggregated exports into oil and non-oil exports-growth nexus and also test whether oil and non-oil exports cause economic growth in the literature. Therefore, this study tests the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis in Nigeria's oil and non-oil exports over the study period of 1970 to 2021. In line with the specific objectives of this study, autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and Granger causality tests were employed to estimate the short-run and long-run export-growth relationship as well as test the validity of the export-led growth hypothesis respectively. Annual secondary data was employed for this study. Results of this study found that oil exports and non-oil exports have negative and positive significant effects on economic growth in the short run and long run at 1% and 10% respectively. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the export-led growth hypothesis (ELGH) is not valid because the unidirectional causal relationship between oil and non-exports to economic growth was not statistically significant in Nigeria. Lastly, the study recommends the need to intensify the exports drive policies to improve and strengthen the oil exports and non-oil export sectors that will cause economic growth in the country, Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Snail slime is essential in traditional and folkloric medicine, but empirical data on its toxicity is limited. Therefore, the present study assessed rats' toxicopathology and lipid profile after oral sub-acute exposure to Archachatina marginata slime extracts. Method: The rats were assigned into five (5) groups (n = 10) and treated for 28 days with distilled water and slime extract (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg bw). In addition, a follow-up group received the snail slime at 500 mg/kg bw and was observed post-administration for 14 days. After the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed, and the blood and vital organs were harvested for biochemical analyses which includes lipid profile, liver and kidney function, oxidative stress indices, and histopathology. Results: The results revealed that the slime of A. marginata did not remarkably affect the liver and kidney function indices and Castelli's Risk Index II (CRI-II) was < 3.0 across all groups. However, histopathology showed hepatocellular damage in the female rats, which resolved following the cessation of treatment. Furthermore, there were cellular changes, including mild inflammation and cellular degeneration of rat tissues across the treatment groups. Conclusion: The findings warrant further safety assessments to bolster the medicinal properties of A. marginata slime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The US–Mexico border is a medically underserved region where survival disparities have been observed in adults diagnosed and treated for various malignancies. Studies examining survival disparities among children living in this region and diagnosed with cancer are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of border residence on survival among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and living near the Texas–Mexico border at the time of their diagnosis. The authors hypothesized that this group experiences inferior survival compared with patients with childhood leukemia living in nonborder areas. Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective survival analysis leveraging data from the Texas Cancer Registry. The study included patients aged birth to 19 years who were diagnosed with ALL or AML between 1995 and 2017. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the factors associated with the risk of death. Overall survival estimates were calculated using Kaplan–Meier methods. Results: During the study period, there were 6002 children diagnosed with ALL and 1279 diagnosed with AML. Inferior 5‐year overall survival was observed among children with ALL living along the border region compared with those living in nonborder areas (77.5% vs. 85.8%). In adjusted models, children with ALL living along the border experienced a 30% increased hazard of death versus children living in nonborder areas. In contrast, for children with AML, survival estimates did not vary by border versus nonborder residence. Conclusions: Living along the border was associated with inferior survival among children with ALL, but not among children with AML. Additional studies are urgently needed to identify the factors driving these disparities to effectively design multilevel interventions and influence state and national cancer control programs. The US–Mexico border is a medically underserved region of the United States in which cancer disparities have been observed for adults. In this work, the authors describe survival disparities observed in children diagnosed with leukemia living along the Texas–Mexico border region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The visually secure image encryption scheme is an effective image encryption method, which embeds an encrypted image into a visual image to realize a secure and secret image transfer. This paper proposes a merging compression and encryption chaos image visual encryption scheme. First, a dictionary matrix D is constructed with the plain image by the K-SVD algorithm, which can encrypt the image while sparsing. Second, an improved Zeraoulia-Sprott chaotic map and logistic map are employed to generate three S-Boxes, which are used to complete scrambling, diffusion, and embedding operations. The secret keys of this scheme contain the initial value of the chaotic system and the dictionary matrix D, which significantly increases the key space, plain image correlation, and system security. Simulation shows the proposed image encryption scheme can resist most attacks and, compared with the existing scheme, the proposed scheme has a larger key space, higher plain image correlation, and better image restoration quality, improving image encryption processing efficiency and security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Risk factors for pediatric brain tumors are largely unknown. Identifying spatial clusters of these rare tumors on the basis of residential address may provide insights into childhood socio-environmental factors that increase susceptibility. From 2000–2017, the Texas Cancer Registry recorded 4305 primary brain tumors diagnosed among children (≤19 years old). We performed a spatial analysis in SaTScan to identify neighborhoods (census tracts) where the observed number of pediatric brain tumors was higher than expected. Within each census tract, the number of pediatric brain tumors was summed on the basis of residential address at diagnosis. The population estimate from the 2007–2011 American Community Survey of 0- to 19-year-olds was used as the at-risk population. p-values were calculated using Monte Carlo hypothesis testing. The age-standardized rate was 54.3 per 1,000,000. SaTScan identified twenty clusters, of which two were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Some of the clusters identified in Texas spatially implicated potential sources of environmental risk factors (e.g., proximity to petroleum production processes) to explore in future research. This work provides hypothesis-generating data for further investigations of spatially relevant risk factors of pediatric brain tumors in Texas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules and protect the body from the effects of free radicals, produced either by normal cell metabolism or as an effect of pollution and exposure to other external factors and are responsible for premature aging and play a role in cardiovascular disease. degenerative diseases such as cataracts, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. While many antioxidants are found in nature, others are obtained in synthetic form and reduce oxidative stress in organisms. This review highlights the pharmacological relevance of antioxidants in fruits, plants, and other natural sources and their beneficial effect on human health through the analysis and in‐depth discussion of studies that included phytochemistry and their pharmacological effects. The information obtained for this review was collected from several scientific databases (ScienceDirect, TRIP database, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science), professional websites, and traditional medicine books. Current pharmacological studies and evidence have shown that the various natural antioxidants present in some fruits, seeds, foods, and natural products have different health‐promoting effects. Adopting functional foods with high antioxidant potential will improve the effective and affordable management of free radical diseases while avoiding the toxicities and unwanted side effects caused by conventional medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, toxoplasmosis affects nearly one-third of the world's population, but the available treatments have several limitations. This factor underscores the search for better therapy for toxoplasmosis. Therefore, in the current investigation, we investigated the potential of emodin as a new anti-Toxoplasma gondii while exploring its anti-parasitic mechanism of action. We explored the mechanisms of action of emodin in the presence and absence of an in vitro model of experimental toxoplasmosis. Emodin showed strong anti-T. gondii action with an EC50 value of 0.03 µg/mL; at this same effective anti-parasite concentration, emodin showed no appreciable host cytotoxicity. Likewise, emodin showed a promising anti-T. gondii specificity with a selectivity index (SI) of 276. Pyrimethamine, a standard drug for toxoplasmosis, had an SI of 2.3. The results collectively imply that parasite damage was selective rather than as a result of a broad cytotoxic effect. Furthermore, our data confirm that emodin-induced parasite growth suppression stems from parasite targets and not host targets, and indicate that the anti-parasite action of emodin precludes oxidative stress and ROS production. Emodin likely mediates parasite growth suppression through means other than oxidative stress, ROS production, or mitochondrial toxicity. Collectively, our findings support the potential of emodin as a promising and novel anti-parasitic agent that warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic restricted in-person appointments and prompted an increase in remote healthcare delivery. Our goal was to assess access to remote care for complex pediatric cardiology patients. We performed a retrospective chart review of Texas Children's Hospital (TCH) pediatric cardiology outpatient appointments from March 2020 to December 2020 for established congenital heart disease (CHD) patients 1 to 17 yo. Primary outcome variables were remote care use of telemedicine and patient portal activation. Primary predictor variables were age, sex, insurance, race/ethnicity, language, and location. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patient demographics. Multivariate logistic regression determined associations with remote care use (p < 0.05). We identified 5,410 established patients with clinic appointments during the identified timeframe. Adopters of telemedicine included 13% of patients (n = 691). Of the prior non patient portal users, 4.5% activated their accounts. On multivariate analysis, older age (10–17 yo) was associated with increased telemedicine (OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.71, 2.43) and patient portal use (OR 1.70, 95%CI 1.33, 2.17). Public insurance (OR 1.66, 95%CI 1.25, 2.20) and Spanish speaking were associated with increased patient portal adoption. Race/ethnicity was not significantly associated with telemedicine use or patient portal adoption. Telehealth adoption among older children may be indicative of their ability to aid in the use of these technologies. Higher participation in patient portal activation among publicly insured and Spanish speaking patients is encouraging and demonstrates ability to navigate some degree of remote patient care. Adoption of remote patient care may assist in reducing access to care disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: While the rate of Cesarean Section (CS) has been increasing in developed countries, the same cannot be said about developing countries, especially Nigeria. Despite the various indications of CS that may arise, the CS rate in Nigeria has remained as low as 2.7% as against the 15% acceptable upper limit according to the World Health Organization. The level of knowledge, perception, and attitude toward CS among pregnant women have been found to significantly influence the women's decision to utilize this life-saving means. Hence, the researchers conducted this study among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ogun State, to assess their level of knowledge, perception and attitude toward CS. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional design was utilized. A questionnaire designed by the researchers was used to collect data from 200 respondents, and the data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Results were reported with frequencies, mean scores and percentages. Results: Findings of the study showed that 78.5% had a high level of knowledge of CS, 67.5% had a good perception of CS, and 93% had a positive attitude toward CS. Around average (52.5%) considered CS a safe procedure, and 78.5% would agree to have CS if medically indicated. The majority (76.5%) believed that opting for a CS could save the life of the mother or the child. Discussion: In conclusion, the findings of this study show that although majority of the respondents had good knowledge and perception of CS, and were willing to accept CS when medically indicated, around one-third had poor perception of CS and around two-tenths would not agree to have it if medically indicated. Hence, nurses and other stakeholders are thus encouraged to always include CS lessons in antenatal teachings to ensure that every woman is knowledgeable enough to accept CS, especially when medically indicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The people living in Onne are highly vulnerable to PAH exposure due to constant exposure to black soot through oral, dermal, and inhalation routes. This work aims to determine the PAHs profile of selected soils in Onne, to determine the health risks associated with PAHs exposure through the soil, and to determine the impact of reduced industrial and other activities on the PAHs profile and associated public health risks. This study evaluated 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) pollutants in soil samples from the four (4) major clans in Onne using a gas chromatography flame ionization detector (GC-FID) during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. The results showed a differential presence of PAHs during and after the lockdown. Of the 16 priority PAHs, 10 and 8 PAHs were respectively detected during and after the COVID-19 lockdown. High molecular weight PAHs such as benzo(k)fluoranthene and benzo(a)anthracene were major contributors during the lockdown, while low molecular weight PAHs such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and fluorene were present at higher levels after the lockdown. An assessment of health risk by incremental lifetime cancer risks revealed that the entire population of Onne might be at risk of cancer development across periods, though a higher risk was presented during the lockdown. In addition, children under the age of 18 may be at greater risk. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report on the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on soil PAH profile and health risks, with particular attention to the Onne industrial host community. Earlier work considered the ecological risks of heavy metals on dumpsites in Onne. Taken together, the PAH-contaminated soil in Onne poses an immediate health concern. Therefore, reduced anthropological activities, as evident during the COVID-19 lockdown, may play a role in exposure and cancer risk reduction. While there may not be another lockdown due to the challenging impacts associated with a physical lockdown, firmly controlled economic activity can be a solution if embraced by stakeholders. The COVID-19-lockdown was encumbered with restricted movements and security checks, which limited the number of samples collected. However, the Local Government Council (Department of the Environment) granted permission for the researchers to work with a minimal threat to their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the relationship between external control, effort expectancy and use of EIRs among undergraduates in two selected universities in Oyo State, Nigeria. The survey research design of correlational type was adopted for this study across undergraduates in Ajayi Crowther University (N=1,619) and Lead City University (N=2,046), with a total population of 3,665. The study found that both independent variables of external control and effort expectancy had individual significant relationship with undergraduates' use of EIRs. Also, there was a significant positive relationship between perception of external control and effort expectancy in the use of EIRs. Both independent variables when taken together significantly influence use of EIRs among the undergraduates. The study concludes that the level of EIRs use in the universities understudied will be a function of available control or facilitating condition and the ease in using these resources. Recommendations for the study were made according. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Towards achieving the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, this study revisits the information and communication technology (ICT) leapfrogging hypothesis of Steinmueller (2001), and Fong (2009) to expand the literature by testing its relevance in the labour force-growth dynamics in Asia. To achieve this, the study addresses four objectives: (i) test the ICT leapfrogging hypothesis; (ii) investigate the growth-enhancing impact of labour; (iii) examine whether ICT enhances or distorts the productivity of labour on economic growth; and (iv) if these effects differ by economic development. The study uses an unbalanced panel data on 81 countries located in East Asia and Pacific (EAP) and Europe and Central Asia (ECA) from 2010 to 2019. Two estimation techniques, namely panel spatial correlation consistent fixed effects (PSCC-FE) and random effects instrumental variables two-stage least squares (RE-IV2SLS), are deployed. To appraise if the impact differs by economic development, the study engages income group analysis. Among other findings: the leapfrogging hypothesis holds; labour is a significant predictor of economic growth; mobile phones usage is a more potent ICT indicator with more leapfrogging potentials relative to fixed telephones subscription; the net effect of labour on growth is mostly positive in the mobile phones' models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic's global scope and resulting social distancing measures have caused unprecedented economic, lifestyle, and social impacts to personal and relationship well-being. While lockdowns have prompted individuals to increase reliance on intimate partners for support, stressful external contexts can also interfere with partners' capacity to request and provide support, resulting in relationship dissatisfaction and even dissolution. Guided by a risk and resilience framework, this study examined the impact of perceived stress, social contextual factors, and dyadic coping on self-reported relationship satisfaction changes during the initial United States COVID-19 lockdown period. Participants were adults in romantic relationships who completed an online survey between April 13 and June 8, 2020. Overall, survey respondents (N = 1106) reported higher perceived stress levels than established population norms, and small but significant decrements in relationship satisfaction. Multivariable models revealed that higher perceived stress levels were associated with lower relationship satisfaction levels. Additionally, dyadic coping was found to moderate the impact of perceived stress on relationship satisfaction (B =.05, 95% CI =.02–.07), suggesting that engaging in dyadic coping buffered individuals from adverse effects of perceived stress on their relationships. Findings emphasize heightened stress experienced by individuals during the pandemic, potential detrimental effects of stress on couple relationships, and suggest dyadic coping may help buffer couples from adverse effects of the pandemic on their relationships. As such, dyadic coping may be an important target for future interventions designed to assist couples during the ongoing pandemic and future pandemics/natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]