7 results on '"Nishihara, Mika"'
Search Results
2. Effect of EGLN1 Genetic Polymorphisms on Hemoglobin Concentration in Andean Highlanders.
- Author
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Yasukochi, Yoshiki, Nishimura, Takayuki, Ugarte, Juan, Ohnishi, Mayumi, Nishihara, Mika, Alvarez, Guillermo, Fukuda, Hideki, Mendoza, Victor, and Aoyagi, Kiyoshi
- Subjects
ANDEANS (South American people) ,HEMOGLOBINS ,GENETIC polymorphisms ,PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation ,GENOMICS ,GENETIC markers ,ALTITUDES - Abstract
The physiological characteristics of Andean natives living at high altitudes have been investigated extensively, with many studies reporting that Andean highlanders have a higher hemoglobin (Hb) concentration than other highlander populations. It has previously been reported that positive natural selection has acted independently on the egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1 (EGLN1) gene in Tibetan and Andean highlanders and is related to Hb concentration in Tibetans. However, no study has yet revealed the genetic determinants of Hb concentration in Andeans even though several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in EGLN1 have previously been examined. Therefore, we explored the relationship between hematological measurements and tag SNPs designed to cover the whole EGLN1 genomic region in Andean highlanders living in Bolivia. Our findings indicated that haplotype frequencies estimated from the EGLN1 SNPs were significantly correlated with Hb concentration in the Bolivian highlanders. Moreover, we found that an Andean-dominant haplotype related to high Hb level may have expanded rapidly in ancestral Andean highlander populations. Analysis of genotype data in an ~436.3 kb genomic region containing EGLN1 using public databases indicated that the population structure based on EGLN1 genetic markers in Andean highlanders was largely different from that in other human populations. This finding may be related to an intrinsic or adaptive physiological characteristic of Andean highlanders. In conclusion, the high Hb concentrations in Andean highlanders can be partly characterized by EGLN1 genetic variants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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3. Efficient synthesis of polypeptide-α-thioester by the method combining polypeptide expression and chemical activation for the semi-synthesis of interferon-γ having oligosaccharides.
- Author
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Kajihara, Yasuhiro, Kanemitsu, Yurie, Nishihara, Mika, Okamoto, Ryo, and Izumi, Masayuki
- Abstract
In order to synthesize interferon-γ glycoform having an oligosaccharide at the 97 position by a semi-synthetic method, interferon-γ-polypeptide-(1-94)-α-hydrazide was prepared by the specific Cys-cyanylation of polypeptide-(1-94)-Cys-His
6 expressed from E. coli and subsequent hydrazinolysis in 22% yield (two steps). This polypeptide-α-hydrazide was then converted into corresponding polypeptide-α-thioester under NaNO2 /acid conditions followed by thiolysis in 83% yield. Copyright © 2014 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2014
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4. Chemical Synthesis of a Synthetic Analogue of the Sialic Acid-Binding Lectin Siglec-7.
- Author
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Izumi, Masayuki, Otsuki, Akihisa, Nishihara, Mika, Okamoto, Ryo, and Kajihara, Yasuhiro
- Published
- 2014
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5. IL-6–gp130–STAT3 in T cells directs the development of IL-17+ Th with a minimum effect on that of Treg in the steady state.
- Author
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Nishihara, Mika, Ogura, Hideki, Ueda, Naoko, Tsuruoka, Mineko, Kitabayashi, Chika, Tsuji, Fumio, Aono, Hiroyuki, Ishihara, Katsuhiko, Huseby, Eric, Betz, Ulrich A. K., Murakami, Masaaki, and Hirano, Toshio
- Subjects
AUTOIMMUNE diseases ,T cells ,GROWTH factors ,TYROSINE ,PHOSPHOTRANSFERASES ,LYMPHOCYTES - Abstract
IL-17-producing Th (Th17) comprise a distinct lineage of pro-inflammatory Th that are major contributors to autoimmune diseases. Treatment with IL-6 and transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) induces naive CD4+ T cells to generate Th17, which also requires expression of the IL-6/TGFβ target RORγt. We reported that IL-6 transduces two signaling pathways via tyrosine redidues of the signal transducer gp130: one depends on signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT)-3 activation and the other on Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 2 (SHP2)/Grb2 associated binder (Gab)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. Here, we showed that CD4+ T cells carrying a mutant gp130 that transduces the SHP2/Gab/MAPK pathway but not the STAT3-mediated one failed to develop into Th17, while CD4+ T cells whose mutant gp130 transduces the STAT3 signal only generated Th17, indicating that IL-6 acts directly on T cells through the tyrosine residues of gp130 required for STAT3 activation to promote the development of Th17. Moreover, we found that gp130–STAT3 pathway is essential for Th17 development and for the expression of RORγt by using T cells specifically lacking gp130 and STAT3. Noteworthy is that the regulatory T cell (Treg) percentages and numbers were comparable between all mutant mice we tested in vivo, although we showed that IL-6–gp130–STAT3 pathway suppressed Treg development in vitro. Thus, we conclude that IL-6 acts directly to promote the development of Th17 by activating the T cell gp130–STAT3 pathway but has a minimum effect on Treg development at least in the steady state in vivo. Therefore, blockade of IL-6–gp130–STAT3 pathway in CD4+ T cells could be a good target for controlling unwanted Th17-mediated immune responses including autoimmune diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2007
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6. Individual variations and sex differences in hemodynamics with percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in young Andean highlanders in Bolivia.
- Author
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Nishimura, Takayuki, Ugarte, Juan, Ohnishi, Mayumi, Nishihara, Mika, Alvarez, Guillermo, Yasukochi, Yoshiki, Fukuda, Hideki, Arima, Kazuhiko, Watanuki, Shigeki, Mendoza, Victor, and Aoyagi, Kiyoshi
- Subjects
HEART beat ,BLOOD pressure ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,BIOLOGICAL variation ,HIGH temperatures - Abstract
Background: Many studies have reported specific adaptations to high altitude, but few studies have focused on physiological variations in high-altitude adaptation in Andean highlanders. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between SpO
2 and related factors, including individual variations and sex differences, in Andean highlanders. Methods: The participants were community-dwelling people in La Paz, Bolivia, aged 20 years and over (age range 20–34 years). A total of 50 men and 50 women participated in this study. Height, weight, SpO2 , hemoglobin concentration, finger temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure were measured. Information about lifestyle was also obtained by interview. Results: There were individual variations of SpO2 both in men (mean 89.9%, range 84.0–95.0%) and women (mean 91.0%, range 84.0–96.0%). On Student's t test, men had significantly lower heart rate (p = 0.046) and SpO2 (p = 0.030) than women. On the other hand, men had significantly higher SBP (p < 0.001), hemoglobin (p < 0.001), and finger temperature (p = 0.004). In men, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that a higher SpO2 was correlated with a lower heart rate (β = − 0.089, p = 0.007) and a higher finger temperature (β = 0.308, p = 0.030) (r2 for model = 0.18). In women, a higher SpO2 was significantly correlated with a higher finger temperature (β = 0.391, p = 0.015) (r2 for model = 0.12). A higher SpO2 was related to a higher finger temperature (β = 0.286, p = 0.014) and a lower heart rate (β = − 0.052, p = 0.029) in all participants (r2 for model = 0.21). Residual analysis showed that individual SpO2 values were randomly plotted. Conclusion: Random plots of SpO2 on residual analysis indicated that these variations were random error, such as biological variation. A higher SpO2 was related to a lower heart rate and finger temperature in men, but a higher SpO2 was related to finger temperature in women. These results suggest that there are individual variations and sex differences in the hemodynamic responses of high-altitude adaptation in Andean highlanders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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7. Factors associated with social support in child-rearing among mothers in post-disaster communities.
- Author
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Nishihara, Mika, Nakamura, Yasuhide, Fuchimukai, Toru, and Ohnishi, Mayumi
- Abstract
Background: Natural disasters have long-term negative impacts on the health and socioenvironmental conditions of a population, affecting the physical environment as well as the relationships within the community, including social networks. Mothers in post-disaster communities may have difficulty receiving social support not only from family members and relatives but also from members of their community, such as people in their neighborhoods. This study focused on mothers with infants and preschool-aged children in post-disaster communities. The associations of social support with sociodemographic characteristics and socioenvironmental conditions related to child-rearing among mothers in post-disaster communities were assessed. Methods: An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in October 2015 in 988 households in areas affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. The data collected on sociodemographic and socioenvironmental characteristics included the presence of pre-disaster acquaintances in the neighborhood and social support for child-rearing. The associations of sociodemographic and socioenvironmental characteristics with social support were examined. Results: We analyzed 215 completed questionnaires from mothers living in different houses from those they lived in before the disaster to reflect continuous relationships with people from the pre-disaster communities. Social support was significantly associated with infant sex, extended family, support obtained from relatives not living together, pre-disaster acquaintances, use of child support resources, and no perceived difficulties in child-rearing. In addition, the presence of pre-disaster acquaintances was associated with categories of mental/physical place of comfort and child-rearing support, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.88 (95% CI 1.03–3.44) and 2.84 (95% CI 1.46–5.52) compared with mothers who did not have any pre-disaster acquaintances. Conclusions: Factors associated with the obtainment of social support in child-rearing among mothers in post-disaster communities were attributed not only to mothers themselves and family members but also to socioenvironmental factors such as the presence of pre-disaster acquaintances. The presence of pre-disaster acquaintances promoted rich social support in child-rearing in post-disaster communities. When reconstructing a community following changes in residence location after a disaster, the pre-disaster relationships among the community dwellers should be considered from the viewpoint of child-rearing support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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