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Copyright of Wissen Kompakt is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Reactivation of the varicella‐zoster virus (VZV), which causes herpes zoster (HZ, synonym: shingles) in humans, can be a rare adverse reaction to vaccines. Recently, reports of cases after COVID‐19 vaccination have arisen. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess whether the frequency of HZ is found to increase after COVID‐19 vaccination in a large cohort, based on real‐world data. As a hypothesis, the incidence of HZ was assumed to be significantly higher in subjects who received a COVID‐19 vaccine (Cohort I) vs. unvaccinated individuals (Cohort II). Methods: The initial cohorts of 1 095 086 vaccinated and 16 966 018 unvaccinated patients were retrieved from the TriNetX database and were matched on age and gender in order to mitigate confounder bias. Results: After matching, each cohort accounted for 1 095 086 patients. For the vaccinated group (Cohort I), 2204 subjects developed HZ within 60 days of COVID‐19 vaccination, while among Cohort II, 1223 patients were diagnosed with HZ within 60 days after having visited the clinic for any other reason (i.e. not vaccination). The risk of developing shingles was calculated as 0.20% and 0.11% for cohort I and cohort II, respectively. The difference was statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001; log‐rank test). The risk ratio and odds ratio were 1.802 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.680; 1.932) and 1.804 (95% CI = 1.682; 1.934). Conclusions: Consistent with the hypothesis, a higher incidence of HZ was statistically detectable post‐COVID‐19 vaccine. Accordingly, the eruption of HZ may be a rare adverse drug reaction to COVID‐19 vaccines. Even though the molecular basis of VZV reactivation remains murky, temporary compromising of VZV‐specific T‐cell‐mediated immunity may play a mechanistic role in post‐vaccination pathogenesis of HZ. Note that VZV reactivation is a well‐established phenomenon both with infections and with other vaccines (i.e. this adverse event is not COVID‐19‐specific). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work was to demonstrate the technical feasibility for the fabrication of microgrooves or micropits on dental implants or dental implant abutment surfaces using a novel fabrication method derived from common UV-lithographic microfabrication. Instead of using a flat and rigid chromium/glass mask to structure a photoresist layer on a small cylindrical part, a flexible chromium-coated polymer mask was introduced into the lithographic setup. Through an elastic deformation of the polymer mask, it was possible to achieve lateral resolutions as small as 1.5 µm on small cylinders and to structure conical parts. By subsequent controlled under-etching of the structured photoresist layer, microgrooves of different cross-sectional geometries can be generated and applied to the implant or implant abutment surface. Such structures can be used for contact guidance of human gingival fibroblasts or endothelia cells to enhance the wound healing process and the overall soft-tissue integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological parameters of standard SLA surface implants compared to chemically modified hydrophilic SLActive implants in irradiated patients after the initial 12-month loading period up to 5 years. Twenty patients with a mean age of 61·1 years were treated with dental implants after ablative surgery and radio-chemotherapy of oral cancer. All patients were non-smokers. The placement of 102 implants (50 SLA, 52 SLActive) was performed bilaterally according to a split-mouth design. Mean crestal bone changes were evaluated using standardised orthopantomographies and clinical parameters. Data were analysed using a Kaplan-Meier curve, Mann-Whitney U-test and two-factorial non-parametric analysis. The average observation period was 60 months. The amount of bone loss at the implant shoulder of SLA implants was mesial and distal 0·7 mm. The SLActive implants displayed a bone loss of mesial 0·6 mm as well as distal 0·7 mm after 5 years. Two SLA implants were lost before loading. One patient lost five implants due to recurrence of a tumour. The overall cumulative 12-month, 3-year and 5-year survival rate of SLA implants was 92%, 80% and 75·8% and of SLActive implants 94·2%, 78·8% and 74·4%, respectively. Eighteen implants were considered lost because the patients had died. Sandblasted acid-etched implants with or without a chemically modified surface can be used in irradiated patients with a high predictability of success. Lower implant survival rates in patients with irradiated oral cancer may be associated with systemic effects rather than peri-implantitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Wissen Kompakt is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The authors reflect on how their study concerning the success of dental implants in patients treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma with radiotherapy might discourage dentists from treating these patients. They state that patients receiving radiotherapy as a result of oral cancer resection are considered high-risk patients with a higher chance of implant failure. They talk about while some implants were lost when patients died, those implants shouldn't be considered failed.