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Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Spatial Economic Analysis is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the returns to education taking into consideration the existence of educational mismatches in the formal and informal employment of a developing country. Results show that the returns of surplus, required and deficit years of schooling are different in the two sectors. Moreover, they suggest that these returns vary along the wage distribution, and that the pattern of variation differs for formal and informal workers. In particular, informal workers face not only lower returns to their education, but suffer a second penalty associated with educational mismatches that puts them at a greater disadvantage compare to their formal counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to check if the rate of employment dismissal in the Spanish labour market is higher for immigrants from countries of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) than for the native-born and the immigrants from other developing countries. It also analyses the impact on this rate of the lower endowment of human capital and the segregation in particular occupations and sectors of ENP immigrants. Design/methodology/approach – The study exploits micro-data from the Labour Force Survey before and during the great depression in Spain. The authors define two groups of immigrants, one for those whose origin is an ENP country and another for those from the rest of the developing countries. Then the rate of job loss is computed for the natives and the two groups of immigrants based on the information for each individual in the sample for each of the years under analysis. An empirical model for the probability of employment dismissal is estimated to check if the immigrant-native gap vanishes when controlling for differences in human capital and occupational, sectoral, and territorial allocation of jobs. This traditional approach is complemented with a new proposal based on the decomposition of the gap using a method that does not impose the same response to the observed characteristics in the three demographic groups under analysis. Findings – Immigrants from ENP face a higher rate of employment dismissal. The gap with respect to natives and even to other immigrants increased during the crisis. Most of the gap can be explained by the lower endowment of human capital of the ENP immigrants and, particularly, by their allocation in certain occupations, sectors, and territories. Originality/value – Novelties in this paper include: first, the study of employment layoffs for natives and immigrants in a period of crisis in a country such as Spain that attracted massive migration during the booming period; second, the analysis of the origin of the higher rate of employment dismissal for immigrants from the ENP; and third, the proposal of a new approach to assess the contribution of human capital and segregation on the immigrant-native gap in the rate of job loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The profound crisis that has affected the Spanish economy since mid-2008 has been characterized by significant job losses and a marked rise in the country's unemployment rate. However, unemployment has had a differential impact on different population groups. Compared to natives, immigrant workers have experienced higher rates of job loss. Against this backdrop, this paper examines the differences between immigrants and natives (distinguished by gender) in terms of their probability of suffering job loss in the downturn of late 2008 and 2009. Our results indicate that the higher rate of job loss among female immigrant workers can be fully explained by their lower endowment of human capital. By contrast, human capital endowment and over-representation in certain occupations, sectors and regions in which the crisis had greatest impact do not appear to be the only reasons for the penalty suffered by immigrant males in terms of their chances of losing their job in the downturn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Papers in Regional Science is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

López-Bazo E. and Motellón E. Human capital and regional wage gaps, Regional Studies. This paper uses micro-level data to analyse the effect of human capital on regional wage differentials. The results for the set of Spanish regions confirm that they differ in the endowment of human capital, but also that the return that individuals obtain from it varies sharply across regions. Regional heterogeneity in returns is especially intense in the case of education, particularly when considering its effect on the employability of individuals. These differences in endowment and, especially, in returns to human capital account for a significant proportion of regional wage gaps. López-Bazo E. and Motellón E. 人力资本及区域工资差距，区域研究。本文利用微观数据分析了人力资本对于区域工资差异的影响。西班牙区域研究结果证明了人力资源禀赋方面存在的差异，同时个体回报率也存在巨大的区域差异。回报率的区域异质性在教育领域表现尤为明显，特别在考虑其对个体就业率的影响时。秉赋上的差异尤其是人力资本回报率差异构成了区域工资的显著差异。 教育 经验 区域差异 人力资本回 报率 工资差异分解 López-Bazo E. et Motellón E. Le capital humain et les écarts des salaires régionaux, Regional Studies. Cet article emploie des microdonnées afin d'analyser l'impact du capital humain sur les écarts des salaires régionaux. Les résultats pour l'ensemble des régions espagnoles confirment qu'elles diffèrent par la dotation du capital humain, mais aussi que le rendement qu'en obtiennent les individus varie sensiblement suivant la région. L'hétérogénéité régionale des rendements s'avère particulièrement vive pour ce qui est de l'éducation, notamment quand on tient compte de ses effets sur l'employabilité des individus. Ces différences de la dotation et, surtout, du rendement du capital humain expliquent une proportion non-négligeable des écarts des salaires régionaux. Éducation Expérience Écarts régionaux Rendements du capital humain Décomposition des écarts des salaires López-Bazo E. und Motellón E. Humankapital und regionale Einkommensunterschiede, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag wird mit Hilfe von Daten auf Mikroebene die Auswirkung von Humankapital auf regionale Einkommensunterschiede untersucht. Die Ergebnisse für die untersuchten spanischen Regionen bestätigen, dass sich die Regionen hinsichtlich der Ausstattung mit Humankapital, aber auch hinsichtlich der von den Personen dafür erzielten Erträge untereinander drastisch unterscheiden. Im Bildungsbereich fällt die regionale Heterogenität der Erträge besonders stark aus, vor allem wenn man ihre Auswirkung auf die Beschäftigungschancen der Personen berücksichtigt. Auf diese Unterschiede bei der Ausstattung und insbesondere bei den Erträgen des Humankapitals lässt sich ein erheblicher Anteil der regionalen Einkommensunterschiede zurückführen. Bildung Erfahrung Regionale Disparitäten Erträge aus Humankapital Dekomposition von Einkommensunterschieden López-Bazo E. y Motellón E. Capital humano y diferencias salariales por regiones, Regional Studies. En este artículo utilizamos datos a nivel micro para analizar el efecto del capital humano en las diferencias salariales por regiones. Los resultados para el grupo de las regiones españolas confirman que existen diferencias en cuanto a la dotación de capital humano, pero también varían en gran medida los beneficios que las personas obtienen a partir de este capital en las diferentes regiones. La heterogeneidad regional de los beneficios es especialmente aguda en el caso de la educación, en concreto cuando se considera qué efecto tiene para la capacidad de inserción laboral de las personas. Estas diferencias en las dotaciones y, especialmente, en los beneficios del capital humano representan un porcentaje significativo de las diferencias salariales por regiones. Educación Experiencia Desigualdades regionales Rendimiento del capital humano Descomposición de las diferencias salariales [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

ABSTRACT Regional differences in real wages have been shown to be both large and persistent in the United States and the U.K., as well as in the economies of other countries. Empirical evidence suggests that wage differentials adjusted for the cost of living cannot only be explained by the unequal spatial distribution of characteristics determining earnings. Rather, average wage gap decomposition reveals the important contribution made by regional heterogeneity in the price assigned to these characteristics. This paper proposes a method for assessing regional disparities in the entire wage distribution and for decomposing the effect of differences across regions in the endowments and prices of the characteristics. The hypothesis forwarded is that the results from previous studies obtained by comparing average regional wages may be partial and nonrobust. Empirical evidence from a matched employer-employee dataset for Spain confirms marked differences in wage distributions between regions, which do not result from worker and firm characteristics but from the increasing role of regional differences in the return to human capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]