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In 5G, reference signals may be transmitted on beams. Thus, the amount of UE measurements might increase with the number of beams, increasing battery consumption. With narrow beams, under specific conditions, channel variations may decrease, the so-called Channel Hardening (CH) effect. So, the UE might obtain highly correlated measurements, which suggests that the measurements could be reduced without major drawbacks. This letter proposes a method for CH detection and measurement adaptation. Moreover, an overview of CH and 5G reference signals, i.e., SSB and CSI-RS, is presented. Simulations show that our proposal can reduce measurements in up to $8 \times$. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A tight interworking between the next generation of wireless cellular networks, the fifth generation (5G), and legacy standards, e.g., long term evaluation (LTE), is being envisioned in order to support a wide range of service requirements. Aiming at addressing the challenge of coordinating resources across different technologies, centralized processing units are being considered. However, they have practical issues, e.g., processing costs and increased signaling overhead. In this context, this work formulates an optimization problem in order to manage resources in a multi radio access technology (RAT) scenario. Its objective is to maximize the minimum user throughput in the system subject to the constraint that for each user, his throughput must be higher than a requirement. One of the differences from previous works is that the users may connect to more than one RAT at the same time, the so-called dual connectivity. The referred problem is nonlinear and hard to solve. However, we get to transform it into a simpler form, a mixed integer linear programming, which can be optimally solved using standard optimization methods. This solution is categorized as a centralized solution. Thus, we propose a distributed framework to overcome the drawbacks of centralized processing. This framework is divided into two parts: a base station (BS) selection procedure (performed by the users) and a resource assignment algorithm (performed by the BSs). Besides, a performance evaluation is conducted, considering fourth generation LTE and 5G new radio parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The next generation of wireless telecommunications, 5G, is expected to have tight interworking between its novel air interface and legacy standards, such as the LTE. The major difference from interworking between previous RAT generations is that there will be common CN functionalities, enabling faster RAT scheduling due to reduced time spent with signaling. In this context, this article aims at exploiting an FS solution to improve QoS metrics of the system by means of efficient RAT scheduling. Analyses presented here show a better understanding concerning which system measurements are most efficient in a mutliple-RAT scenario. More specifically, we present an analysis concerning the metrics that should be used as RAT scheduling criteria and how frequent these switching evaluations should be done. Finally, we also compare the performance of DC and FS solutions, highlighting the scenarios in which each of them performs better than the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a QoE-aware resource assignment and power allocation framework aiming at maximizing the minimum MOS of the users in a wireless network. It considers a satisfaction factor, that is, a requirement related to the minimum number of users that should be satisfied. This requirement is an important aspect from the operators? point of view and has not yet been studied in this context, as far as we know. The proposed method is evaluated by means of simulations, and the obtained results show that it outperforms existing solutions, and performs close to the optimal solution as well. The performance evaluation demonstrates that the satisfaction factor is a good solution to deal with heavily loaded systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]