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The upcoming GAMMA-400 experiment will be implemented aboard the Russian astrophysical space observatory, which will be operating in a highly elliptical orbit over a period of 7 years to provide new data on gamma-ray emissions and cosmic-ray electron + positron fluxes, mainly from the galactic plane, the Galactic Center, and the Sun. The main observation mode will be a continuous point-source mode, with a duration of up to ~100 days. The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope will study high-energy gamma-ray emissions of up to several TeV and cosmic-ray electrons + positrons up to 20 TeV. The GAMMA-400 telescope will have a high angular resolution, high energy and time resolutions, and a very good separation efficiency for separating gamma rays from the cosmic-ray background and the electrons + positrons from protons. A distinctive feature of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope is its wonderful angular resolution for energies of >30 GeV (0.01° for Eγ = 100 GeV), which exceeds the resolutions of space-based and ground-based gamma-ray telescopes by a factor of 5–10. GAMMA-400 studies can reveal gamma-ray emissions from dark matter particles' annihilation or decay, identify many unassociated, discrete sources, explore the extended sources' structures, and improve the cosmic-ray electron + positron spectra data for energies of >30 GeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study conditions of the asymptotic normality of the number of repetitions (pairs of equal values) in a segment of strict sense stationary random sequence of values from {1, 2, ..., N} satisfying the strong uniform mixing condition. It is shown that under natural conditions for the number of repetitions to be asymptotically normal as the length of the segment tends to infinity it is necessary for the stationary distribution to be different from the equiprobable one. Under additional conditions the accuracy of the normal approximation in the uniform metrics is estimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formulas for distributions of number of ones (non-zeroes) in the cycle of the output sequence of generalized binary Pohl generator are obtained. Limit theorems for these distributions are derived in the case when the lengths of registers are coprime and tend to infinity, the contents of different registers are independent, but cell contents within each register may be dependent. The consequences of these theorems are given for the case when the contents of cells are independent random variables having equiprobable distribution on {0, 1}. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The formula for the frequencies of symbols in the output sequence of multi-cyclic generator over the direct sum of residue groups modulo 2 is obtained. In the case when cells of registers contain independent random values with the uniform distribution the limit joint distribution of the frequencies (as lengths of the registers tend to infinity) is obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phenomenon of reduction of the set of permutations H arising in theorems on the weak convergence of the number of pairs of H-equivalent tuples in a segment of an indecomposable finite Markov chain to discrete distributions of the Poisson type is investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on historical and social background of English name giving process. Proper names are considered as a leading group of onomastic units due to its extra linguistic component and direct connection with a human being. The processes of globalisation influence on all spheres of life and name giving process is not an exception. Challenges of nomination are explained in the article. The actuality of the paper is defined by the authors' point of view who cling to the idea that in modern globalized world only a proper name could be an only identifier of the national and confessional identity of an individual. Historical milestones that impact on name giving process are mentioned and social factors which influence name giving process are classified and described. Proper names have passed a long evolutionary way from a word -- the identifier of a person among similar to legally significant sign of a linguistic personality, a register component which defines a social status and position of the individual in society. The research is relevant in the linguistic, social, national and cognitive aspects, as it demonstrates an interaction between language and society. At the modern stage of the English anthroponymics progress, the researchers described social factors influencing name giving process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An asymptotic expression (with an explicit estimate of the remainder term) is obtained for the probability that in a finite sequence of polynomial trials controlled by a Markov chain there exist substrings having the same structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses with a range of historical data the dynamics of the Taimyr wild reindeer population. Its first period is a pre-commercial hunting period (1959–1971). The second is the period of intensive organised commercial hunting (1972–1993). The third is a post-commercial hunting period (1994–2007). Finally, there is the period of barbarity (2008 – present time). The analysis covers the dynamics of the size, sex and age structure of the population (according to the data of aerial census survey and commercial hunting samples), female barrenness, animals’ natural mortality, commercial hunting and productivity of the population. It has been demonstrated that the predominance of males in the sex and age structure of the population begins mainly at the beginning of animals’ lives. The analysis of the data on reindeer’s fertility and mortality (both natural and from commercial hunting) lead us to the conclusion that the most productive indices of the population were reached in the period of intensive organised commercial hunting. It has been demonstrated through the latest data that uncontrolled poaching might very soon lead to the destruction of this unique biological resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The distribution function of the minimum distance (the minimumweight of nonzero codewords) of a random linear code over a finite field is studied. Expicit bounds in the form of inequalities and asymptotic estimates for this distribution function are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Suficient conditions for the joint distribution of frequences of elements on the cycle of the random multicyclic sequence modulo 4 to converge to the limit distribution are given. This limit distribution and some of its properties are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An estimate of the accuracy of the Poisson approximation in B. A. Sevastyanov's theorem providing conditions for the distribution of the sum of random indicators to converge to the Poisson distribution is obtained. This result is applied to estimate the rate of convergence to the limit Poisson distribution in a theorem on the number of solutions of systems of random inclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low-frequency room temperature interface magnetoelectric (ME) effect was observed in the layered heterostructures comprising the ferromagnetic (FM) Co layers and ferroelectric (FE) ceramic substrates on the base of lead zirconate titanate PbZr0.45Ti0.55O3 (PZT). The Co films 1-12 μm in thickness were deposited by ion-beam sputtering/deposition technics onto the 400 μm PZT substrates. Results of X-ray, magnetic and ME experiments have shown the existence of ME effect in Co/PZT/Co and (Co/PZT/Co)3 heterostructures obtained by the above mentioned techniques being independent on ferromagnetic/ferroelectric interface roughness. The values of ME voltage coefficient in heterostructures with ion-beam planarized PZT surfaces are much higher than that in heterostructures with mechanochemically polished ceramic substrate surfaces. The heterostructures possess ME effect of the same order as those obtained by means of the mechanical bonding of FM and FE sheets with organic binders and have the typical ME hysteresis curves. The structures obtained are perspective for application as energy-independent elements in magnetic field sensors and magnetic memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article studies the medico-psychological features in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy, their influence on patients' quality of life, and the dynamics of indices obtained in the course of medical rehabilitation. The clinical examination included a thorough analysis of case histories, the assessment of the patients' somatic, neurological, and mental state, as well as instrumental diagnosis.

Describes the superconducting magnetic system of the fast cycling intermediate energy ion synchrotron of the Nuclotron accelerator complex at the Laboratory of High Energies in Russia. Repetition rate and circumference of the booster; Number of dipole and quadrupole magnets with a cold iron yoke and a hollow superconductor winding; Parameters of the magnets, cryogenic system and cryomagnetic assembly.

Here are two reports. The first: "That evening Lusya did not plan to go out. She ate with her family and sat down to make herself a coat. But at 8 P.M. Georgy came to visit. She was very happy to see him. They whispered about something for ten minutes or so, and Lusya changed her clothes and called out to her mother: 'I'm going for a walk!' She was the same lively, happy, healthy girl as always. .." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A usual event, called anisotropic cosmic-ray enhancement (ACRE), was observed as a small increase (≤5%) in the count rates of polar neutron monitors during 12 - 19 UT on 07 June 2015. The enhancement was highly anisotropic, as detected only by neutron monitors with asymptotic directions in the southwest quadrant in geocentric solar ecliptic (GSE) coordinates. The estimated rigidity of the corresponding particles is ≤1 GV. No associated detectable increase was found in the space-borne data from the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), the Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron (ERNE) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), or the Payload for Antimatter Matter Exploration and Light-nuclei Astrophysics (PAMELA) instruments, whose sensitivity was not sufficient to detect the event. No solar energetic particles were present during that time interval. The heliospheric conditions were slightly disturbed, so that the interplanetary magnetic field strength gradually increased during the event, followed by an increase of the solar wind speed after the event. It is proposed that the event was related to a crossing of the boundary layer between two regions with different heliospheric parameters, with a strong gradient of low-rigidity (<1 GV) particles. It was apparently similar to another cosmic-ray enhancement (e.g., on 22 June 2015) that is thought to have been caused by the local anisotropy of Forbush decreases, with the difference that in our case, the interplanetary disturbance was not observed at Earth, but passed by southward for this event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Magnetoelectric properties of layered heterostructures (FM/PZT/FM)n (n≤ 3) obtained by ion-beam sputtering deposition of ferromagnetic metal (FM), where FM is the cobalt (Co) or permalloy Ni78Fe22, onto ferroelectric ceramic based on lead zirconate titanate (PZT) have been studied. The polished ferroelectric plates in thickness from 400 to 20 μm were subjected to finished treatment by ion-beam sputtering. After plasma activation they were covered by the ferromagnetic films from 1 to 6 μm in thickness. Enhanced characteristics of these structures were reached by means of both the thickness optimization of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic layers and obtaining of ferromagnetic/ferroelectric interfaces being free from defects and foreign impurities. Assuming on the basis of analysis of elastic stresses in the ferromagnetic film that the magnetoelectric effect forms within ferromagnetic/ferroelectric interface, the structures with 2–3 ferromagnetic layers were obtained. In layered heterostructure (Py/PZT/Py)3, the optimal thickness of ferromagnetic film was 2 μm, and outer and inner ferroelectric layers had 20 μm and 80 μm in thickness, respectively. For such structure the maximal magnetoelectric voltage coefficient of 250 mV/(cm Oe) was reached at a frequency 100 Hz in magnetic field of 0.25 T at room temperature. The structures studied can serve as energy-independent elements detecting the change of magnetic or electric fields in electronic devices based on magnetoelectric effect. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]