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Transition processes in a steel conductive strip are analyzed during its induction heating under a quasi-steady electromagnetic field. In particular, the temperature field in the strip is studied. A method of solving corresponding initial boundary problems in a two-dimensional mathematical model for differential equations of electrodynamics and heat conduction is developed. The Joule heat and the temperature are determined with a high level of accuracy. The defining functions are the temperature and component of the magnetic field intensity vector tangent to the bases and end planes of the strip. To find them, we use cubic approximation of the defining functions' distribution along the thickness coordinate. The original two-dimensional initial boundary value problems for the defining functions are reduced to one-dimensional initial boundary value problems on their integral characteristics. General solutions for these problems are obtained using the finite integral transformation by the transverse variable and the Laplace transform of the integral by time. Integral characteristics' expressions are represented as convolutions for functions that describe homogeneous solutions of one-dimensional initial boundary value problems and limiting values of defining functions on the bases and end planes of the strip. The change of temperature under a varying regime in the dimensionless Fourier time and temperature distribution over the strip cross-section in a steady state depending on the parameters of induction heating and the Biot number are numerically analyzed. Varying and constant temperature regimes of the strip under conditions of the near-surface and continuous induction heating are studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A mathematical model for determining the temperature field of a bimetallic plate with plane-parallel boundaries during short-term induction heating by a non-stationary electromagnetic field is proposed. Initial boundary value problems for determining the parameters of a non-stationary electromagnetic field and temperature are formulated. The temperature and the component of the magnetic field intensity vector that is tangential to the plate base were selected as defining functions. We used an approximation of the defining functions in each layer of the plate with quadratic polynomials by the thickness coordinate and Laplace transform of the integral over time. General solutions to the formulated problems under uniform non-stationary electromagnetic action were obtained. Based on them, the temperature during short-term induction heating by a non-stationary electromagnetic field was numerically analyzed depending on its amplitude-frequency parameters and duration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Health Problems of Civilization is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Health Problems of Civilization is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Conhecimento & Diversidade is the property of Conhecimento & Diversidade and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction. The aim of this research was to study the influence of pumpkin puree and flax seeds addition on nutritional value, physicochemical and sensory properties of Ryazhanka. Materials and methods. Ryazhanka samples were prepared with the addition of pumpkin puree and flax seeds. The titrated acidity was determined by the Turner method, and the active acidity was measured using pH-meter. The fat content was determined using Gerber's acid method, and sensory evaluations were conducted by an expert panel. Results and discussion. Pumpkin puree and flax seeds were used in Ryazhanka preparation. It was shown that the addition of 4-8% flax seeds to Ryazhanka with 10% pumpkin puree reduced the titrated acidity to 64-70 °T and increased the active acidity to pH 4.6-4.7. Similarly, the addition of 4-8% flax seeds with 15% pumpkin puree reduced the titrated acidity to 61-68 °T and increased the active acidity to 4.6-4.7. When 20% pumpkin puree and 4-8% flax seeds were added simultaneously, the titrated acidity decreased to 60-65 °T, and the active acidity increased to 4.6-4.8. The optimal conditions for achieving physico-chemical stability in Ryazhanka were observed for samples added with 10% pumpkin puree and 4% flax seeds. The addition of pumpkin puree (10%) and flax seeds (4%) to Ryazhanka resulted in increased content of water-soluble vitamins, such as 0.570 mg (184% increase) of vitamin C, 0.062 mg (295% increase) of vitamin B1, 0.003 mg (2% increase) of vitamin B2, and an increase in fat-soluble vitamins including vitamin E and ß-carotene. Furthermore, the addition of flax seeds increased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly the increase of omega-3 fatty acids from 0 to 0.80 g and omega-6 fatty acids from 0 to 0.20 g. Comparing the control sample, the addition of pumpkin puree and flax seeds to Ryazhanka affected its shelf life at temperatures ranging from 0 to 6 °C, extending it to no more than 7 days. Conclusions. The proposed recipe of Ryazhanka with pumpkin puree and flax seeds improves its nutrient composition, stabilizes its physicochemical parameters, enhances sensory properties, and expands the range of options to cater to the preferences of fermented milk drink consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there has been an unceasing increase in the number of patients with acute cholecystitis, including those with a complicated course of the disease against the background of concomitant pathology. The aim of the study was to establish the level of comorbidity and its influence on the level of postoperative complications in patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. We included 457 patients with acute cholecystitis with accompanying pathology, averaging 64.5±9.74 years. Operative intervention was carried out laparoscopically. Patients who scored 4-3 points were considered favorable, and those who scored 0-2 were considered unfavorable. The assessment of comorbidity was carried out using a special index - the Charlson comorbidity index. The majority of patients had a comorbidity index at 2 points (28.0% of all examined patients), indicating the presence of concomitant pathology in the vast majority of patients. We found that the Charleston comorbidity index increased with age, which indicates a higher frequency of concomitant diseases in older patients. A reliable correlation of medium strength was established (R=0.68; p<0.05) between the age and comorbidity indexes. When predicting the mortality of an experimental cohort of patients with acute cholecystitis who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, it can be predicted that the level of the Charlson comorbidity index correlates with the age of patients while the level of postoperative complications increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Health Problems of Civilization is the property of Termedia Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background and aims: In recent years, the problem of comorbid course stable coronary heart disease (SCAD) and metabolic syndrome (MS) has increased significantly due to their high medical and social significance, high costs for diagnosis and treatment, reduced quality of life (QoL). The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of QoL of patients with SCAD on the background of MS in comparison to a group of patients with isolated SCAD. Materials and methods: The study included 52 patients with MS in combination with SCAD and 50 patients with SCAD. QoL of all patients was assessed using the general medical questionnaire--the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item (SF-36) of a specialized questionnaire for patients with stable angina pectoris SAQ (Seattle Angina Questionnaire). Results: The study found a significantly lower level of QoL in patients with a comorbid course of MS and SCAD in both psychological and physical components of health (by SF-36 questionnaire) compared with patients with SCAD (p<0.05). According to the SAQ questionnaire, it was proved that in patients with MS in combination with SCAD the QoL was statistically significantly lower on all scales relative to the group of patients with isolated SCAD (by 8.76%) (p<0.05). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for innovative approaches to the training of future teachers is determined by the renewal and creation of the content of the educational process in higher education institutions, taking into account the creative development of the individual. Unfortunately, the traditional methods and forms of teaching used in higher education do not provide full and continuous effectiveness of professional training of future teachers. While the specialists of the new formation are required to acquire thorough professional knowledge and skills, a high level of intellectual development and civic position, the ability to constant personal and professional self-improvement. The purpose of the study is to reveal the essence of the creative potential of future teachers as a mental basis for professional self-improvement of high school teachers and experimental analysis of the components of the creative potential of future teachers, the study of teachers’ attitudes to professional development. Based on the results of the research, the criteria and indicators of the formation of the creative potential of future teachers were determined; developed diagnostic and methodological tools for certain criteria and indicators. Psychological and pedagogical diagnostics were carried out to differentiate the levels of formation of the creative potential of students of pedagogical specialties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the essence and genesis of an individual style in postmodern architectural graphics as a special signature of creativity. It considers conceptual and terminological issues regarding the concept of "architecture", "architectural graphics", and "an individual style". Besides, the article shows that the knowledge of architectural graphics makes it a powerful visual tool in any kind of design activity. In the current post-industrial period, manual graphics acts as an individual unit. An individual style is always formed based on a specific personal programme, whose postulates influence the architect's work. The international relevance of the article lies in a new approach to the concept of "style" in postmodern architectural graphics. In turn, it allows one to discover new methodological guidelines for its formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is devoted to the little-studied component of architectural creativity - architectural graphics. At the same time, the purpose of the article is three-dimensional: to consider the categorical, historical and postmodern problems of architectural graphics, which will allow to outline a holistic picture of this cultural phenomenon. The article uses the methods of typological, historical and synchronous-cult analysis of both specific architectural artifacts and trends in the development of architectural graphics in general. It has been proven that architectural graphics, as a unique type of graphics, are a means of expressing the creative ideas of an architect. They define, define and correct the direction of his professional searches. Graphics influence the creativity of a design as it serves as a graphical visualization of an architecture. Architectural graphics are the line between the design calculation and the creative imagination of the author. He performs artistic and engineering tasks at the same time. The article deals with the problem of architectural graphics as a specific creative activity, which, as a result of historical development, has formed into a separate genre direction. A number of conceptual and terminological issues are touched upon, including the definition of the very concept of «architectural graphics». The priority features of architectural graphics and variants of its stylistic solutions by different architects and designers have been identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The application of a new pragmatic educational model in the information environment of the higher technical education institution, which corresponds to the innovative and perspective model of society development, determined the transition from the process approach in the organisation of professional training of future aviation specialists to a reflective and effect-oriented one. It forms the basis of training objectives related to providing the country with specialists in aviation industry. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate, develop and experimentally test the effectiveness of the professional training model for future specialists under the conditions of uncertainty of the educational process of higher education institutions on the basis of a reflective approach. The result of the experimental stage of the study, as the foundation of the personal and professional development of the student, confirmed the effectiveness of the model based on the reflective approach. The systemically important core of the study considered the goals and results implemented in the educational and informational environment of the National Aviation University with the help of appropriately constructed psychological and pedagogical conditions, which were implemented at each stage of professional training with the innovative educational technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to intercontinental connections provided by air and shipping, tourism, freight transfer, flexibility and expanding labor mobility, expanding the potential of human capital, the borders between states and their societies have been erased, and the international cultural society has become more diverse. The relevance of this study is conditioned by the activities of the centres established in the European Union for transcultural education, transdisciplinary research in the field of sociology, etc. One of the key features of their activities is the understanding of the concept of ethnicity as defining for these centers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the conceptual activities of European centres of transcultural education, to clarify the features of ethnolinguistic science as the main background for the establishment and development of the study of the phenomenon of ethnicity in general. The leading approach to research has become the gradual application of a complex of interrelated methods, such as collection and processing of factual research material, description and analysis of dictionary entries, analysis of the concepts of the activities of European centers, etc. The object of the study is the structural components of the concept of ethnicity. The study identified the principles of functioning of European centres for transcultural education in the context of introducing the experience of educational centres for integration, adaptation, and development of the national identity of immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute small bowel obstruction remains one of the most challenging nosologies in emergency surgery, leading to a pronounced imbalance between lipid peroxidation and the antioxidant defense system. We aimed to study changes in the anti- and prooxidant status of serum and small intestine wall in an experiment modeling acute small bowel obstruction. The control group included 11 rats, and the main group included 42 rats (simulation of mechanical bowel obstruction on day 1 was conducted in 14 rats, on day 2 - in 12 rats, on day 3 - in 16 rats). Acute small bowel obstruction was modeled by ligation. Serum analysis and removal of the small intestinal wall were performed on days 1, 2, and 3. Indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection were determined by the spectrophotometric method, and the imbalance between lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection gradually increased from 1 to 3 days of observation. On day 3, the low level of aldehyde increased 1.3 times, and the level of superoxide dismutase decreased 1.2 times compared to the control group. Pathophysiological changes in the wall of the small intestine are caused by the activation of lipid peroxidation and the exhaustion antioxidant protection, whereby the degree of their severity increases depending on the increase in time from the moment of modeling of acute obstruction of the small intestine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern world, which is characterised by migration processes, ethnic and cultural mixing, the interest of representatives of various fields of knowledge to the category of ethnicity, ethnic processes, their historical, cultural, philosophical and linguistic component is growing. In this regard, the work is devoted to studying the dynamics of representations of ethnicity in different types of discursive practices and identifying the specifics of conceptualisation of ethnicity in English-speaking society in the context of ideological, socioeconomic and socio-cultural transformations of the second half of the 20th - early 21st century. The relevance of the study is due to the inclusion of the dynamics of language development and change in such areas of modern linguistics as ethnolinguistics, linguocultural studies and discourse analysis, as well as growing interest in the evolution of language, lexical structure of English and changes in the English world picture with the development of ethnic culture, the synthesis of language modifications in the context of global sociocultural transformations. The following methods were used in the work: definition analysis; comparative analysis; quantitative analysis; analysis-discourse; hypothetical-deductive method; generalisation; systematisation. The research methods used in the article made it possible to substantiate the principles of material selection for studying the dynamics of ethnic representations in English dictionaries; to reveal the concepts of ethnic stereotype and ethnonym-nickname as ways of stereotyping; to characterise the concept of political correctness as relevant for the study of linguistic construction of ethnicity. The dynamics of the representation of ethnicity in the lexicographic discourse on the material of British dictionaries of two times cross-sections (mid-20th century and modern latest edition) in the context of socio-cultural transformations were analysed. The practical value of the work is that the obtained results contribute to a fuller understanding of the English-language picture of the world, deepen scientific ideas about the interaction of ideology, language, culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]