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Introduction. Cardiovascular risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and dyslipidemia enfold heart disease morbimortality. Diagonal earlobe crease has been proposed as a prognostic marker of extension and severity of illness in patients with acute coronary syndrome. But its usefulness remains unclear in patients with or without coronary disease. Methods. A case‐control study was carried out on a total of 805 patients with and without cardiovascular risk factors or acute coronary syndrome. Univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to determine the probability of having diagonal earlobe crease with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors and acute coronary syndrome. Data were summarized as odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals and P values. Results. An unadjusted (univariate) analysis showed that being male, being older than 55 years, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, smoking, and dyslipidemia, as well as having acute coronary syndrome, were associated with the presence of diagonal earlobe crease. The multivariate analysis showed that men (OR 1.6, 95% IC 1.1–2.4, P = 0.007), being over 55 years old (OR 4.8, 95% IC 3.2–7.2, P < 0.001), being obese (OR 2.1, 95% IC 1.4–3.1, P < 0.001), having arterial hypertension (1.5, 95% IC 1.1–2.3, P = 0.025), or suffering from acute coronary syndrome (OR 5.3, 95% IC 2.5–11.1, P < 0.001), were independent factors associated with diagonal earlobe crease. The rest of cardiovascular risk factors were not relevant in the multivariate model. Conclusions. In Mexican adults, having an acute coronary syndrome is not the only factor associated with diagonal earlobe crease but also being a man, older than 55 years, having high blood pressure and obesity. Diagonal earlobe crease may simply be caused by changes in the skin and connective tissues of the ears because of the aging process, obesity, and/or being male. These factors, by themselves, enfold cardiovascular risk due to well‐known pathophysiological causes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stellar ages are elusive to measure, albeit being very important for understanding stellar evolution. We investigate the impact of photospheric activity on 2-min cadence light curves from the TESS /NASA mission of a selected sample of 30 solar-twins with well-determined ages. The photometric variability, |$\mathcal {A}_{ {{TESS}}}$|⁠ , of the light curves due to rotational modulations by the presence of active regions was estimated and correlated with chromospheric activity (Ca ii H&K lines from an extensive High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) at the European Southern Observatory (ESO) HARPS/ESO activity time series) and ages. Moreover, these results were compared with the total solar irradiance amplitude behaviour during the solar magnetic cycles 23 and 24, validating our findings for solar-twins. Our results show the photometric amplitude to be strongly correlated to the average level of chromospheric activity for the star sample. Also, we found a good correlation of |$\mathcal {A}_{ {{TESS}}}$| with stellar age (in Gyr) described by |$\log t = +12.239-0.894 \log \mathcal {A}_{ {{TESS}}}$|⁠. In conclusion, stellar photometric variability |$\mathcal {A}_{ {{TESS}}}$|  may be used as a simple age diagnostic for solar-twins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive progress has recently been made in our understanding of heavy-element production via the r-process in the universe, specifically with the first observed neutron star binary merger (NSBM) event associated with the gravitational-wave signal detected by LIGO, GW170817. The chemical abundance patterns of metal-poor r-process-enhanced stars provide key evidence for the dominant site(s) of the r-process and whether NSBMs are sufficiently frequent or prolific r-process sources to be responsible for the majority of r-process material in the universe. We present atmospheric stellar parameters (using a nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium analysis) and abundances from a detailed analysis of 141 metal-poor stars carried out as part of the R-Process Alliance (RPA) effort. We obtained high-resolution "snapshot" spectroscopy of the stars using the MIKE spectrograph on the 6.5 m Magellan Clay telescope at Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. We find 10 new highly enhanced r-II (with [Eu/Fe] > +1.0), 62 new moderately enhanced r-I (+0.3 < [Eu/Fe] ≤ +1.0), and 17 new limited-r ([Eu/Fe] < +0.3) stars. Among those, we find 17 new carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, of which five are CEMP-no. We also identify one new s-process-enhanced ([Ba/Eu] > +0.5) and five new r/s (0.0 < [Ba/Eu] < +0.5) stars. In the process, we discover a new ultra-metal-poor (UMP) star at [Fe/H] = −4.02. One of the r-II stars shows a deficit in α and Fe-peak elements, typical of dwarf galaxy stars. Our search for r-process-enhanced stars by RPA efforts has already roughly doubled the known r-process sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commission 29 consists of members of the International Astronomical Union carrying out theoretical and observational studies of stars using spectroscopy, developing instrumentation for spectroscopy and producing and collecting data for interpretation of spectra. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We discuss the fraction of carbon stars (C-stars) and of C-enhanced stars among samples of candidate extremely metal poor (EMP: [Fe/H] $\le -3.0$ dex) stars selected from the Hamburg/ESO Survey (HES), obtaining a total for C-rich stars with [C/Fe] $\ge$ +1.0 dex of 14.4$\pm4$%. We also present the key results of detailed abundance analyses of a sample of 14 C-stars selected in this way. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Focuses on a study which described the cloning of guinea pig tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases complementary DNA, the expression pattern in guinea pig tissues, and its expression and localization in a model of lung injury induced by hyperoxia. Discussion on tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases; Materials and method; Results and discussion.

The business meeting was attended by 23 members of the Commission. The meeting started at 16:00 a short report of the activities during the triennium 2006-2009. The focus of the activities was the sharing of expertise between spectroscopic techniques in various areas of astronomical research. In particular, the progress in instrumentation, detectors, data reduction, data analysis and archiving. The second activity was the analysis of to IAU meeting proposals followed by recommendations for improvements and eventually support. The sponsored symposia included Sponsoring symposia The Ages of Stars and The Disk Galaxy Evolution in the Cosmological Context. The Commission was also disseminating information about the Commission activities and relevant meetings to the Commission members. In this respect the Commission web page is playing a crucial role. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The business meeting was attended by 23 members of the Commission. The meeting started at 16:00 a short report of the activities during the triennium 2006-2009. The focus of the activities was the sharing of expertise between spectroscopic techniques in various areas of astronomical research. In particular, the progress in instrumentation, detectors, data reduction, data analysis and archiving. The second activity was the analysis of to IAU meeting proposals followed by recommendations for improvements and eventually support. The sponsored symposia included Sponsoring symposia The Ages of Stars and The Disk Galaxy Evolution in the Cosmological Context. The Commission was also disseminating information about the Commission activities and relevant meetings to the Commission members. In this respect the Commission web page is playing a crucial role. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]