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Scientific projects frequently involve measurements of thermophysical, thermochemical, and other related properties of chemical compounds and materials. These measured property data have significant potential value for the scientific community, but incomplete and inaccurate reporting often hampers their utilization. The present IUPAC Technical Report summarizes the needs of chemical engineers and researchers as consumers of these data and shows how publishing practices can improve information transfer. In the Report, general principles of Good Reporting Practice are developed together with examples illustrating typical cases of reporting issues. Adoption of these principles will improve the quality, reproducibility, and usefulness of experimental data, bring a better level of consistency to results, and increase the efficiency and impact of research. Closely related to Good Reporting Practice, basic elements of Good Research Practice are also introduced with a goal to reduce the number of ambiguities and unresolved problems within the thermophysical property data domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetics of the absorption of CO2 into two nonaqueous CO2-binding organic liquid (CO2BOL) solvents were measured at T=35, 45, and 55 °C with a wetted-wall column. Selected CO2 loadings were run with a so-called 'first-generation' CO2BOL, comprising an independent base and alcohol, and a 'second-generation' CO2BOL, in which the base and alcohol were conjoined. Liquid-film mass-transfer coefficient ( k′g) values for both solvents were measured to be comparable to values for monoethanolamine and piperazine aqueous solvents under a comparable driving force, in spite of far higher solution viscosities. An inverse temperature dependence of the k′g value was also observed, which suggests that the physical solubility of CO2 in organic liquids may be making CO2 mass transfer faster than expected. Aspen Plus software was used to model the kinetic data and compare the CO2 absorption behavior of nonaqueous solvents with that of aqueous solvent platforms. This work continues our development of the CO2BOL solvents. Previous work established the thermodynamic properties related to CO2 capture. The present paper quantitatively studies the kinetics of CO2 capture and develops a rate-based model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental data have served two critical roles in chemical process technology: (1) by providing the definitive quantitative basis to evaluate competing processes, to optimize designs, and ultimately to guarantee plant performance; and (2) by guiding the form and structure of applied-thermodynamics correlations. This paper first presents two representative applications to highlight the role of thermodynamic and transport properties in chemical process technology: ammonia recovery from syngas using water as solvent, and design of a caustic-guard system to eliminate small residual concentrations of SO2 from a gas stream. These applications illustrate the first role of experimental data. The paper next studies the second role by examining the historical contribution of experimental data-over two centuries— in guiding the development of key concepts and correlations, such as Henry's law (1802), group-contribution methods (Kopp, 1842), Raoult's law (1878), second-virial-coefficient correlation (Berthelot, 1907), surface-tension correlation (Macleod, 1923), the use of one property to estimate another (Othmer, 1940), cubic equations of state (Redlich and Kwong, 1949), electrolyte systems (van Krevelen, 1949), acentric factor (Pitzer, 1955), and highly accurate equations of state (Span and Wagner, 2003). The analysis reveals that careful, accurate, and wide-ranging experimental data have identified the patterns of the underlying phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Back Cover picture shows that CO2 capture technologies can be modified to make large efficiency gains in net power output for coal‐fired. Current industrial CO2‐separating technologies rely on 80 year old chemistry, where water‐based formulations of amines react with CO2 chemically. Such chemistry, while effective, is highly energy intensive. A solvent platform developed by us is an advanced water‐lean solvent platform has the potential to make large efficiency gains, but the high viscosity of water‐lean solvents brings about questions about their real world performance and cost. However, it was found that CO2 uptake of these solvents is just as fast, if not faster, than the state of the art water‐based amine solvents even at high viscosities. More details can be found in the Full Paper by Mathias et al. on page 3617 in Issue 21, 2015 (DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500288). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]