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Background: In childhood, immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), anti-platelet autoantibodies mediate platelet clearance through Fc-γ receptor (FcγR)-bearing phagocytes. The current study aimed to assess the frequency of FcγRIIa gene polymorphism in Egyptian children with chronic ITP and its relation to the disease process and chronicity compared to controls. Methods: The current case-control retrospective study was conducted in the Hematology unit of the Pediatric Department, at Zagazig University Children's Hospital, on 40 chronic ITP pediatric patients and 40 matched age and sexhealthy controls, during the period from January 2018 until January 2019. All patients were subjected to detailed full history taking, complete clinical examinations, and routine laboratory investigations for ITP. Genotyping for FcγRIIa was performed by using PCR-RFLP methods. Results: The results revealed that mutant heterozygous (HR) were found to be significantly higher among ITP patients (57.5%) compared to the control group (10%) P<0.001. The frequency of the FcγRIIa-131 (R) allele in children with ITP was significantly higher compared with control children (48.7% versus 25%; P = 0.001). Conclusions: The significant association between FcγRIIa-131 (HR) mutant heterozygous gene polymorphism and chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura may indicate its possible role in disease susceptibility and the development of chronicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The aim of this study was to reveal the frequency of Necrosis Factor _Alpha Gene Polymorphism in evaluation of severity and outcome of chronic immune thrombocytopenia in pediatric department of Zagazig University hospitals. Methods: We conduct a retrospective case control on 40 children diagnosed with chronic ITP and 40 age and sex healthy matched subjects as a control recruited from outpatient hematology clinic Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. Results: We found a highly significant difference between ITP group and control group as regarding TNF-a alleles where A allele was expressed in 43.7% of cases versus 17.5% 0f control, P value<0.001.Our results showed that, the frequency of TNF-a gene polymorphism genotypes 308G