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Organic–inorganic manganese halide with environmentally friendly properties has become a new candidate material for backlight display applications. In this article, tetraethylammonium bromide (C8H20N)2MnBr4 is synthesized by a simple room temperature evaporation method. The tetrahedral coordinated Mn2+ demonstrates a green emission peak at 523 nm and a commendable photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 81.7%. To improve its stability, different proportions of Zn2+ are incorporated, leading to the discovery of (C8H20N)2Mn0.95Zn0.05Br4 as the most stable variant with a high PLQY of 84.3%. Additionally, by utilizing a sandwich method and double‐layer polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film encapsulation, the powder‐to‐binder ratio and thickness gradient are optimized, resulting in the ideal (C8H20N)2Mn0.95Zn0.05Br4@PET film with a powder‐to‐binder ratio of 1:2 and a thickness of 0.5 mm. Remarkably, the film exhibits superior stability against water, heat, and photo degradation. Finally, the light conversion film prepared from (C8H20N)2Mn0.95Zn0.05Br4@K2SiF6: Mn4+@PET composite material is applied to backlight display, and the color gamut covers 112% of NTSC 1953 and 83% of Rec. 2020. This study provides a feasible route for developing environmentally friendly, low‐cost, and high‐performance liquid crystal displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into radiomic models has become increasingly popular due to advances in computer-aided diagnosis tools. These tools utilize statistical and machine learning methods to evaluate various medical image analysis modalities. In the case of prostate cancer, there are multiple areas in the radiomics pipeline that can be improved. This article explores the latest developments in mpMRI for PCa and examines the radiomic flowchart, as well as the fusion of traditional medical imaging with AI to overcome challenges and limitations in clinical applications. Furthermore, it addresses challenges related to radiomics, radiogenomics, and multi-omics in prostate cancer and suggests the necessary critical steps for clinical validation. The use of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has become a common technique used in guiding biopsy and developing treatment plans for prostate lesions. While this technique is effective, non-invasive methods such as radiomics have gained popularity for extracting imaging features to develop predictive models for clinical tasks. The aim is to minimize invasive processes for improved management of prostate cancer (PCa). This study reviews recent research progress in MRI-based radiomics for PCa, including the radiomics pipeline and potential factors affecting personalized diagnosis. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with medical imaging is also discussed, in line with the development trend of radiogenomics and multi-omics. The survey highlights the need for more data from multiple institutions to avoid bias and generalize the predictive model. The AI-based radiomics model is considered a promising clinical tool with good prospects for application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zero-dimensional lead-free metal halides Cs3Cu2X5 (X = Cl, Br, and I) have attracted much attention in recent years due to their unique structure, photoelectric properties and environment-friendly nature; unfortunately they are sensitive to humidity. Herein, Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals (NCs) were successfully precipitated in situ within glass using the methods of melt quenching and heat treatment (Cs3Cu2I5 glass ceramic). The optical characterization and morphological characterization provide evidence for the successful in situ precipitation of the Cs3Cu2I5 glass ceramic, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is as high as 63.3%. The water stability of Cs3Cu2I5 NCs is greatly improved due to the inorganic glass matrix, and the fluorescence intensity remains largely unchanged for 30 days. The Cs3Cu2I5 glass ceramic endows Cs3Cu2I5 NCs with a wider range of application areas. Finally, by constructing an X-ray imaging system using Cs3Cu2I5 glass ceramics, springs in opaque samples were observed to be visible, demonstrating the great potential of Cs3Cu2I5 glass ceramics with long-term stability for X-ray detection imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lu3Al5O12:Ce (LuAG:Ce) phosphor has been designed and fabricated into various forms of green fluorescent converters and plays a critical role in the field of solid‐state laser lighting. Phosphor in glass (PiG) and phosphor in glass film (PiGF) are expected to be viable strategies for high‐power and high‐brightness laser diode (LD) illumination due to their easy synthesis and low cost. In this study, LuAG:Ce‐PiG with an internal quantum efficiency of 90.5% is prepared by investigating the sintering conditions and combining with a borosilicate glass. It possesses a luminous flux (LF) of 584 lm and luminous efficiency (LE) of 225 lm W−1 @ 20 W mm−2. On this basis, LuAG:Ce‐PiG sapphire film (LuAG:Ce‐PiGSF) with high thermal conduction (10.26 W (m K) −1) is successfully sintered on the sapphire to obtain the LF of 833 lm and LE of 252 lm W−1 @ 36.36 W mm−2. The maximum tolerated power density can reach 45.45 W mm−2. In addition, when the color converters are placed in a commercial LD transmission module and continuously light for 24 h at 16.5 W, the relative light intensity only decreases by 14.15% and 12.82%, respectively. Therefore, it is believed that the work has promising applications in laser illumination and accelerating the development of LD lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicon (Si) photodetectors (PDs) have attracted more attention due to their wide applications, but are limited by their extremely weak ultraviolet (UV) photo‐response. Herein, Dy3+‐CsPbCl2Br1 nanocrystals glass (Dy3+‐CPCB NCsG) is synthesized in borosilicate glass by traditional melt‐quenching. The doping of Dy3+ exceedingly improves the PL intensity of CsPbCl2Br1 nanocrystals glass (CPCB NCsG) with enhancing photoluminescence quantum yield from 8.0% to 30.2%, ascribed to the improved crystallinity and reduced defects. Meanwhile, the stability of CPCB NCsG exposed to air, light, and high temperature is largely boosted. After integrating with Dy3+‐CPCB NCsG, the responsivity, external quantum efficiency, detectivity, and stability of Si PDs are significantly enhanced. The responsivity (R) of Si PDs‐5% Dy3+‐CPCB NCsG is 0.006 A W−1 at 320 nm, which is sixfold higher than that of bare Si PDs. This work develops a blue Dy3+‐CPCB NCsG, which has great potential as a new luminescent material for the next generation of Si PDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High efficient lead halide perovskites with wide-color gamut properties have emerged as new candidates for backlight displays. However, the toxicity of lead and the instability of halide perovskites greatly limit their practical applications. Herein, the luminescent powders of [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 and [(CH3)4N]MnBr3 were synthesized via a simple yet robust solvent evaporation method. [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 with tetrahedral coordination Mn2+ and [(CH3)4N]MnBr3 with octahedral coordination Mn2+ show green at 517 nm and red emission peaks at 620 nm, respectively, originating from the 4T1-6A1 transition of Mn2+. To enhance optical of manganese halide via effective alloying, Zn2+-doped [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4 was successfully prepared, and the quantum efficiency of [(CH3)4N]2Mn0.6Zn0.4Br4 was as high as 65%. Furthermore, [(CH3)4N]2Mn0.6Zn0.4Br4 exhibits better optical and thermal stability compared to [(CH3)4N]2MnBr4. [(CH3)4N]2Mn0.6Zn0.4Br4@CsPbBr1.2I1.8 light conversion films with different green-to-red ratios are placed in backlight display devices, and their color gamut exceeds 106% of the National Television Standards Committee (NTSC) 1953 standard, which is superior to the currently reported Mn-based perovskite. This work broadly shows that the [(CH3)4N]2Mn0.6Zn0.4Br4 will provide effective route to fabricate stable and high-performance lead-free liquid crystal displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid‐state white lighting applications with high brightness, low power consumption and long operating life have gradually dominated the modern industrial illumination market. For applications in white light‐emitting diodes (WLEDs) and white‐lighting laser diodes (WLDs), Phosphor‐in‐Glass (PiG), owing to its facile process, high efficiency and excellent chromaticity tunability, stands out as an optimal choice among various types of color converters. Currently, research in yellow‐emitting Y3Al5O12:Ce3+ (YAG: Ce) phosphors combined with different glass system has reached a mature stage and the poor illumination is a major bottleneck. Moreover, to realize high‐quality white lighting, exploiting full‐color PiGs is of great importance for its commercialization. Herein, the multicolour PiGs their successfully obtained by deliberately matching different color‐emitting phosphors with the glass matrix. Glass composition selection rules for specific phosphors their proposed based on investigations of glass protection mechanism and the corrosion reaction between phosphors and glass matrix. In addition, an astonishing YAG: Ce PiG phenomenon (zero thermal quenching) is founded and discussed. As for practical applications, high‐quality 5‐W chip‐on‐board (COB) WLEDs their constructed by utilizing simple matches of colorful PiGs. Assembled WLDs modules also rendered a high‐efficiency and stable lighting source. These results dramatically inspire the development of high‐quality solid‐state white lighting applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphor‐in‐glass (PiG) film has been proposed as an ideal color converter in laser diodes (LDs) lighting for its advantages of outstanding thermal conductivity (TC) and superior efficiency. Herein, yellow‐emitting Y1.31Ce0.09Gd1.6Al5O12 (Ce: GdYAG)‐PiG composite films are successfully elaborated through a practical blade‐coating approach. Systematical studies are performed on its microstructure, thermal stability, and luminescence performance pumped by LDs. Noteworthy, the highest internal quantum efficiency of film (94.2%) retains 97.1% of the raw phosphors (97%). Particularly, by further introducing micrometer BN with high TC as light scattering center to enhance heat dissipation and increase porosity, the thermal and optical properties of the sample are greatly improved. The luminescence intensity of the sample at 423 K is increased to 1.8 times that at 298 K. The thermal diffusion (TD) and TC of the sample are increased from 1.571 to 4.227 mm2 s−1 and 6.4 to 13.0 W m−1 K−1, respectively. At the same time, the maximum saturation threshold under laser irradiation of Ce: GdYAG + micrometer BN composite film is raised from 3.12 to 5.42 W mm−2 and 260.6 to 354.1 lm, respectively. The combination of excellent optical and thermal performances, coupled with facile and low‐cost synthetic strategy, could push forward the practical application in solid‐state laser lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal halide CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have been widely studied because of their high photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) and tunable emission wavelength. However, their weak hydrothermal stability greatly limits the use of CsPbX3 NCs under harsh conditions. This work successfully solved the problem of poor stability of CsPbX3 NCs through the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) film coating strategy and expanded the application range of CsPbX3 NCs. In addition, we demonstrated an improved Yb-doped hot injection strategy, successfully prepared a Yb-doped CsPbBrI2 NC in EVA composite film (CsPbBrI2 NCs/ECF), and improved the PLQY of the prepared CsPbBrI2 NCs/ECF. Furthermore, this work studied the application of CsPbX3 NCs/ECF in the field of backlight displays. The results show that CsPbX3 NCs/ECF has a wide color gamut, which reaches 119.9% of the National Television Standards Committee 1953 standard color gamut and 89.2% of the Rec. 2020 standard color gamut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, silicon (Si) photodetectors (PDs) have been widely used in daily life, but the ultraviolet (UV) region response is extremely low, while perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) can be used as a light conversion layer to effectively improve the UV region detection performance due to their high absorption coefficient. At the same time, embedding NCs into a glass matrix can protect NCs from the adverse external environment, which can greatly prolong the effective working time of the detector. In this work, a series of perovskite NC glasses (PNGs) with intrinsic emission but still maintaining high transmittance were fabricated successfully by regulating the concentration of CsPbCl2Br1 NCs. Furthermore, the rare-earth ion Tb3+ was successfully introduced into CsPbCl2Br1 NCs, achieving energy transfer of the exciton to Tb3+, and the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) had a big boost from 11.1 to 28.1%. In the end, the prepared CsPbCl2Br1:Tb3+ PNG was first integrated with Si PDs, and the UV responsibility of Si PDs was enhanced due to the absorption of CsPbCl2Br1 PNG doped with Tb3+ in the UV region. At 320 nm, the responsivity of Tb3+-doped CsPbCl2Br1 PG-Si PDs is significantly higher than that of bare Si PDs. In addition, CsPbCl2Br1:Tb3+ PNG-Si PDs maintained excellent photocurrent stability. The CsPbCl2Br1:Tb3+ PNGs are expected to be one of the optimum semiconductor materials for next-generation high-performance UV PDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phosphor-in-glass (PiG) as a reliable color converter has drawn considerable attention in solid-state laser lighting. Here, a series of green-emitting Y3Al3.5Ga1.5O12:Ce (YAGG:Ce) PiG samples are fabricated via a solid-state reaction method. The microstructure, photoluminescence and thermal performance of the YAGG:Ce PiG samples are systematically investigated. Impressively, the optimized sample not only exhibits a superior internal quantum efficiency of 94% but also has a remarkable thermal conductivity of 2.5 W m−1 K−1. Moreover, it achieves excellent thermal stability (maintaining 81.2% of the room-temperature intensity at 473 K). Notably, the maximum luminous efficacy of the as-synthesized sample is 236.8 lm W−1 under a blue laser power density of 2.77 W mm−2. Furthermore, a prototype laser diode packaged with the high efficiency and robust YAGG:Ce PiG produces bright green light, indicating its enormous potential as a green color converter for application in laser-driven lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perovskite material has received much attention due to its excellent photoelectric properties. However, the toxicity of Pb has always affected the wide application of perovskite materials. Herein, we proposed to replace Pb ions with the same divalent ions Ba and dope them into the CsPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals' (PNCs) lattice to reduce the content of Pb elements. In this work, we have successfully prepared a series of CsPb1−xBaxBr3 PNCs (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) and CsPbBr3 PNCs (Ba-doped concentration = x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20); the best among them were CsPb0.7Ba0.3Br3 PNCs and CsPbBr3 (Ba = 0.1) PNCs, respectively. Compared with CsPbBr3 PNCs, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of CsPb0.7Ba0.3Br3 PNCs and CsPbBr3 (Ba = 0.1) PNCs has been improved to different degrees. It was worth mentioning that after the addition of a Ba element, the photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) of CsPb0.7Ba0.3Br3 PNCs and CsPbBr3 (Ba = 0.1) PNCs was increased to 81% and 65%, respectively. It was due to the high PLQY of CsPb0.7Ba0.3Br3 PNCs that the selected CIE color coordinate monochromatic light encompassed 119.0% of NTSC color gamut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: RNF20 is recognized as a main E3 ligase for monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub). The critical role of RNF20 and H2Bub in various molecular events, such as DNA replication, RNA transcription, and DNA damage response, has been widely investigated and documented. However, its role in porcine adipogenesis remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of RNF20 on porcine preadipocyte differentiation. Materials and Methods: Backfat tissues from fat‐type pigs (Bama and Meishan) and lean‐type pigs (Yorkshire and Landrace) were collected to detect the expression level of RNF20. Preadipocytes were isolated from Bama piglets and induced to differentiation. Small interfering RNAs were applied to deplete RNF20. Oil Red O staining, quantitative real‐time PCR, RNA‐seq, Western blot analysis, and EdU assays were performed to study the regulatory mechanism of RNF20 during adipogenesis. Results: We found that the expression levels of RNF20 and H2Bub were significantly higher in backfat tissues from fat‐type pigs than in those from lean‐type pigs. Consistently, the significantly induced expression of RNF20 and H2Bub was also observed in porcine differentiated adipocytes. In addition, knockdown of RNF20 greatly inhibited porcine adipogenesis, as evidenced by dramatically decreased lipid droplet formation and lower expression levels of adipogenic transcription masters in RNF20 knockdown cells. Mechanistically, the depletion of RNF20 decreases the cell proliferation and the level of p‐C/EBPβ via the Ras‐Raf‐MEK1/2‐ERK1/2 cascade pathway at the mitotic clonal expansion phase and therefore suppresses cell differentiation. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that RNF20 is required for porcine preadipocyte differentiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a simple low‐temperature self‐assembly strategy is used to synthesize the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposite with a relatively high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY, 72%) and product yield (87%). As expected, the nanocomposite exhibits good photoluminescence (PL) performance and stability. Further, 90% of the PLQY is maintained even when heating at 100 °C for 24 h, and almost no emission degradation is observed after storage in ethanol for 10 days. Furthermore, the prepared CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposite exhibits the reversible luminescence phenomenon by simply applying the wetting and drying process. This abnormal phenomenon is due to the internal phase transformation of the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nanocomposite. The potential application of the nanocomposite in anti‐counterfeiting has been demonstrated. This work facilitates the production and application of inorganic metal halide perovskite‐based functional materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermally robust and high efficiency color converters with good thermal dispersion have attracted much attention for high power laser-lighting applications. Herein, the Y3Al3.08Ga1.92O12:Ce3+ (YAGG:Ce) phosphor-in-glass (PIG) film coated on single crystal sapphire of high thermal conductivity is fabricated by using a facile and industry friendly blade-coating technique. The as-sintered composite film displays a high internal quantum efficiency of 95.2%, a high transmittance of 45% in the wavelength of 300–800 nm, and superior thermal stability which can keep 90.2% of the room temperature intensity at 200 °C. Furthermore, when pumped by 450 nm blue laser diodes (LDs), the composite PIG film can tolerate the input power density of up to 16.2 W/mm2. Impressively, the composite PIG film with 50% phosphor content at a fixed thickness of 0.2 mm generates green light with a maximum luminous flux of 967 lm and a luminous efficiency of 167 lm/W under 12.86 W/mm2 blue laser irradiation. The above results validate that the composite PIG film is a considerably promising green color converter for high-power and high-luminance laser driven solid state lighting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-inorganic CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are the most promising next generation photoelectric materials owing to their excellent properties. Although embedding perovskite NCs into a glass matrix improves their stability, different applications require perovskite nanocrystal glasses (PNGs) with different properties. In this work, we controlled the network structure of the precursor glass by changing the content of ZnO (3.8–11.4 mol. %) in the raw materials, thus inhibiting the direct precipitation of CsPbCl2Br NCs in the glass (i.e., the self-crystallization process), and obtained samples with local emission and high transmittance. In addition, we incorporated rare-earth (RE) Yb3+ into a CsPbCl2Br PNG to achieve efficient ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared quantum cutting emissions and boost the UV response of silicon photodetectors (PDs). Finally, after combining the Yb3+-doped CsPbCl2Br PNG on the Si PDs, the responsivity of the latter increased to 0.014 A/W at 320 nm, which is 14 times higher than that of the bare Si PDs. Moreover, Si PDs based on Yb3+-doped CsPbCl2Br PNG exhibited excellent photocurrent stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a promising optoelectronic material, all-inorganic perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted much attention, but there are few studies on zero-dimensional Cs4PbBr6 perovskite NCs. Herein, the in situ growth of the CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs inside amorphous glass has been achieved by adjusting the ratios of Cs2CO3 and PbBr2. The effect of different proportions with raw materials on the phase, microstructure, and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics was discussed in detail. Moreover, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs glass with high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of ∼58.9% was obtained by optimizing the heat treatment condition. In particular, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs glass realizes low-threshold amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) at room temperature. Meanwhile, as a green light source, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs glass makes white light-emitting diode (WLED) presents a wide color gamut. Importantly, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs glass displays excellent water/thermal stability. All these results prove that CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 NCs glass has broad application prospects in the field of lasers and backlight displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat-resistant fluorescent glass is an ideal color converter for laser lighting applications. However, the application requirements of high-quality laser lighting are difficult to meet due to the insufficient availability of cyan, green and red emission components. Therefore, the development of fluorescent green glass with high thermal stability and high brightness is the key core technology in the fields of laser lighting and display projection. In this research, a series of green-emitting (BaSr)2SiO4–PiG samples with high quantum efficiency were successfully prepared by dispersing (BaSr)2SiO4 phosphor in a SiO2–B2O3–CaO–Na2O glass matrix. Meanwhile, the thermal stability, photoluminescence properties, and applicability of (BaSr)2SiO4–PiG in solid-state laser lighting applications have been monitored for the first time. Surprisingly, the thermal conductivity of (BaSr)2SiO4–PiG is 1.87 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature, which is much higher than that of other multicomponent glasses. Furthermore, under 2.69 W mm−2 blue laser incident power density excitation, a maximum luminous flux of 196.7 lm is achieved. More importantly, (BaSr)2SiO4–PiG exhibits an excellent luminous efficiency of 98 lm W−1 at a laser incident power density of 2.09 W mm−2. Based on these investigations, (BaSr)2SiO4–PiG would be a reliable and efficient candidate as a green color converter for laser lighting and displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in the field of nanoscale laser field, however, poor environmental stability is the biggest challenge that restricts their applications. In this study, an in situ synthesis method was used to encapsulate CsPbBr3 nanocrystals (NCs) in titanium silicalite molecular sieve (TS-1). Owing to the hollow structure and the hydrophobicity of the TS-1, the hydro and thermal stabilities of the perovskite NCs were significantly improved. Using AB glue, we prepared thin films using a one-step spin coating method, and synthesized highly compact and smooth CsPbBr3 nanocomposite thin films. Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) was achieved with a low-threshold under two-photon excitation at room temperature, and a stable emission under continuous intense laser shots in an ambient atmosphere was maintained. The influence of the perovskite concentration and calcination temperature on the ASE threshold was also investigated. This study will significantly broaden the application of perovskite nanocrystals in practical nonlinear optical devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, fluorescent glass mainly emits a single yellow light. The characteristic of green and red luminescent materials limits its omni-directional combination with yellow light materials, resulting in high correlated color temperature and low color rendering index of laser lighting devices, which seriously reduces the quality of laser lighting. Therefore, the development of multi-color fluorescent glass to improve the color quality is a huge challenge in laser lighting technology. In this research, the glass matrix that can be compounded with multi-color phosphors is proposed to solve the problems of phosphor decomposition, oxidation, corrosion, and blackening during the vitrification process. Surprisingly, a 50 wt. % Ce:YAG&1.5 wt. % CaAlSiN3-PiG (50 Y&1.5 R-PiG) sample exhibits an excellent internal quantum efficiency of 94% and achieves a high luminous efficiency of 184 lm/W under laser irradiation. Moreover, an ultrahigh luminous efficiency of 331 lm/W is realized by using a laser device with a heat sink. It demonstrated that Y&R-PiG can own excellent application prospects in high-quality lighting fields, such as laser displays and automobile headlights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite materials have received extensive attention as optical gain media. However, it is tough to realize lasing using such materials on account of the unstable structure of MAPbI3/CsPbI3 nanocrystals (NCs), and the propensity for mixed-halogen perovskites to undergo phase decomposition into bromine-rich and iodide-rich regions under intense laser irradiation. To solve this issue, we fabricated CsPbX3 (X = Br, I) NCs, which were embedded into a glassy matrix with high stability. In addition, by doping Br− ions into the CsPbI3 NCs to partially replace I− ions, the optical efficiency and the optical gain properties were found to be significantly improved. Here, under 800 nm pulse laser excitation, red random lasing was realized with the assistance of such anion modulation. Moreover, we demonstrate that the perovskite NCs glasses (PNG) show strong water stability after immersion in water for one week, seeding a promise for application in high-definition (HD) displays and photonic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All inorganic remote Ce3+:Y3Al3.5Ga1.5O12 (Ce:YAGG) phosphor-in-glass (PIG) is considered to be an ideal robust green-emitting light converter for high-quality laser diode applications. Herein, the preparation of Ce:YAGG PIGs using an economical solid state reaction is reported. The sintered composite materials have the advantages of yielding a high transparency of 53% in the visible region and a high internal quantum efficiency of 92.7%. Benefiting from remarkably superior thermal properties, a high thermal conductivity of 1.712 W m−1 K−1 and a high thermal stability that the luminescence intensity could maintain 91.6% at 503 K, and the PIG can withstand 3.49 W/mm2 blue laser radiation. When pumped by blue laser diodes and by controlling the phosphor content and a thickness of samples, the robust PIG materials produce green light with a luminous flux of 555.6 lm and a stable luminous efficiency of 254.5 lm/W as the blue laser density increasing up to 2.78 W/mm2. The above outstanding performance of Ce:YAGG PIGs indicates a strong perspective for future lighting source. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RNF20, an E3 ligase critical for monoubiquitination of histone H2B at lysine 120 (H2Bub), has been implicated in the regulation of various cellar processes; however, its physiological roles in adipocytes remain poorly characterized. Here, we report that the adipocyte-specific knockout of Rnf20 (ASKO) in mice led to progressive fat loss, organomegaly and hyperinsulinemia. Despite signs of hyperinsulinemia, normal insulin sensitivity and improved glucose tolerance were observed in the young and aged CD-fed ASKO mice. In addition, high-fat diet-fed ASKO mice developed severe liver steatosis. Moreover, we observed that the ASKO mice were extremely sensitive to a cold environment due to decreased expression levels of brown adipose tissue (BAT) selective genes, including uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1), and impaired mitochondrial functions. Significantly decreased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ) were observed in the gonadal white adipose tissues (gWAT) from the ASKO mice, suggesting that Rnf20 regulates adipogenesis, at least in part, through Pparγ. Rosiglitazone-treated ASKO mice exhibited increased fat mass compared to that of the non-treated ASKO mice. Collectively, our results illustrate the critical role of RNF20 in control of white and brown adipose tissue development and physiological function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All‐inorganic perovskite (CsPbX3, X = Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals (NCs) with promising optical properties are recognized as a rising star among photoelectric materials, but their inevitable instabilities limit extensive application. Herein, a new one‐step strategy for encapsulating CsPbX3 NCs with porous zeolite via the hot injection method is explored. By altering the mole ratio of PbX2, the emission wavelength of CsPbX3@zeolite is found to be regularly modulated from blue‐emission (CsPbCl2Br@zeolite, 436 nm) to red‐emission (CsPbBrI2@zeolite, 648 nm), thus enabling full spectrum adjustment. Due to the surface passivation of zeolite to CsPbX3 NCs, CsPbX3@zeolite possess an outstanding quantum yield and display excellent thermal/photo/air stability. Subsequently, white light‐emitting diodes based on green‐CsPbBr3@zeolite and red‐CsPbBrI2@zeolite are constructed and applied to the backlit display, achieving a wide color gamut of 134.2% for NTSC 1953 and 99.8% for Rec. 2020. The CsPbX3@zeolite implanted with a polymethyl methacrylate film is used to realize upconversion emission under an 800 nm laser at room temperature. Furthermore, amplified spontaneous radiation based on CsPbBr3@zeolite films is achieved. These results convincingly indicate broad application prospects for CsPbX3@zeolite prepared via this simple method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mn‐doped CsPbCl3 perovskite nanocrystal (PeNC) glass was prepared by melt quenching and in situ crystallization. Under the protection of robust glass, PeNCs exhibit excellent moisture resistance and thermal stability. The combination effect of thermal quenching and energy transfer of exciton to Mn2+ enables its promising applications in the field of temperature sensor. Interestingly, by matching with ultraviolet chips, all‐inorganic blue‐red emitting conversion device consisting of PeNC glass was prepared for light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), which can meet the light requirements of plant growth. The cultivation results indicated that the growth of cabbages using PeNC plant cultivation LEDs was greater than those cultivated using commercial w‐LEDs (white light‐emitting diodes). Therefore, Mn‐doped CsPbCl3 PeNCs can be used as a new generation of solid fluorescent materials in the field of indoor plant cultivation LEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, high optical purity, perfect stability, and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) are very important, being the key to obtain high‐quality luminescent materials. The research of perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) as optical materials is in full swing. Nevertheless, the low PLQY value, especially for the red‐emitting perovskite NCs, is a main obstacle to applications in display. This work reports the optimized components to synthesize CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glasses whose PLQY achieves a big boost from 15.4% to ≈60% for the first time. Furthermore, the specimens exhibit exceptional tolerance to water and thermal and hence contribute to applicability in high‐performance light‐emitting diode (LED) and 3D printing. By combining CsPb(Br/I)3 NCs glass powder and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG):Ce phosphor with blue chips, the assembled white LEDs reach a high luminous efficiency at 113.0 lm W−1. The resulting high PLQY is to the benefit of a substantial step toward the practical application of inorganic perovskite materials in the fields of optoelectronic devices and additive manufacturing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead halide perovskite CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) nanocrystals (NCs) are widely used in the newest generation of lighting display equipment because of their excellent optical properties. However, their poor stability remains an urgent issue to overcome. Encapsulation has become a significant and effective strategy to promote the stability of perovskite NCs, particularly by the package coating of polymer and porous materials. Herein, a simple two-step encapsulation strategy is adopted to fabricate CsPbBrI2@zeolite/PMMA composite films to replace the previous preparation methods of perovskite films. A highly efficient and stable red-emitting material with great colour purity and excellent PLQY of ∼53.9% is manufactured by this simple and effective packaging method. Furthermore, because of the first-encapsulation with zeolite, the CsPbBrI2@zeoite/PMMA composite films not only reduced the agglomeration of NCs but also obtained better optical performance and environmental stability compared to that of pure CsPbBrI2/PMMA. Ultimately, WLEDs constructed by the red-emitting CsPbBrI2@zeolite/PMMA composite material achieve an outstanding colour rendering index, luminous efficiency and correlated color temperature (CRI = 94.5, LE = 77.22 lm W−1 and CCT = 5354 K), and realize tunable colour coordinates of (0.3359–0.32912, 0.3455–0.3336) in the white light area, implying that CsPbBrI2@zeolite/PMMA is very promising for obtaining a high CRI of WLEDs instead of traditional phosphor. The facile two-step encapsulation method proposed in this study provides a prospect for obtaining high-quality perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, metal oxide hole transporting layers (HTLs) have been commonly used in inverted planar perovskite solar cells. Due to high optical transmittance, better long-term stability, and suitable energy band characteristics, NiOx HTLs have been intensively studied. The NiOx materials prepared by solution-combustion method with characteristics of self-energy generation and exothermic reaction have received much attention, which significantly reduces the reaction temperature compared with the traditional sol–gel methods. In this paper, a NiOx film with better conductivity and enhanced carrier extraction was obtained by adjusting the fuel concentration in the nickel oxide precursor solution. It was also confirmed that perovskite film was improved with larger grain size and reduced trap-state densities. As a consequence, by using the 10 ul/ml optimal concentration of acetylacetone in the NiOx precursor solution, the inverted planar perovskite solar cells achieved a maximum power conversion efficiency of 14.37%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By increasing the heat treatment temperature, the average size of CsPbBr3 quantum dots (QDs) in the glass matrix was increased, which contributed to a 5.5 fold increase of the optical gain coefficients. And the corresponding lasing threshold decreased from 0.752 mJ cm−2 to 0.138 mJ cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this report, a mixed‐metal cation‐based halide perovskite (HP) CsPb1−xTixBr3 quantum dots (QDs) were first embedded in the B–Si–Zn glasses using a traditional approach of melt quenching and heat treating. A battery of test results such as photoluminescence, X‐ray diffraction, and time‐resolved attenuation prove that Ti ions do not destroy the properties of CsPbBr3, and they are successfully doped into CsPbBr3. At the same time, the doping of Ti ions also reduces the toxicity of lead. By altering the ratio of Pb/Ti, we determined the optimum ratio of CsPb0.7Ti0.3Br3 QDs through experimental data. Due to the excellent optical properties and stability of CsPb0.7Ti0.3Br3 QDs glass, it was designed to construct the white‐light emitting diode device with tunable color coordinate, color rendering index, correlated color temperature, and a high luminous efficiency compared with CsPbBr3 QDs glass, which may be a promising candidate for the field of lighting and displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/hypothesis: ATPase copper transporting α (ATP7A), also known as Menkes disease protein, is a P-type ATPase that transports copper across cell membranes. The critical role of ATP7A-mediated copper homeostasis has been well recognised in various organs, such as the intestine, macrophages and the nervous system. However, the importance of adipocyte ATP7A-mediated copper homeostasis on fat metabolism is not well understood. Here, we sought to reveal the contribution of adipose ATP7A to whole-body fat metabolism in mice. Methods: We generated adipocyte-specific Atp7a-knockout (ASKO) mice using the Cre/loxP system, with Cre expression driven by the adiponectin promoter. ASKO mice and littermate control mice were aged on a chow diet or fed with a high-fat diet (HFD); body weight, fat mass, and glucose and insulin metabolism were analysed. Histological analysis, transmission electron microscopy and RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of white adipose tissue (WAT) were used to understand the physiological and molecular changes associated with loss of copper homeostasis in adipocytes. Results: Significantly increased copper concentrations were observed in adipose tissues of ASKO mice compared with control mice. Aged or HFD-fed ASKO mice manifested a lipoatrophic phenotype characterised by a progressive generalised loss of WAT. Dysfunction of adipose tissues in these ASKO mice was confirmed by decreased levels of both serum leptin and adiponectin and increased levels of triacylglycerol and insulin. Systemic metabolism was also impaired in these mice, as evidenced by a pronounced glucose intolerance, insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. Moreover, we demonstrate a significant induction of lipolysis and DNA-damage signalling pathways in gonadal WAT from aged and HFD-fed ASKO mice. In vitro studies suggest that copper overload is responsible for increased lipolysis and DNA damage. Conclusions/interpretation: Our results show a previously unappreciated role of adipocyte Atp7a in the regulation of ageing-related metabolic disease and identify new metallophysiologies in whole-body fat metabolism. Data availability: The datasets generated during the current study are available in the Genome Sequence Archive in BIG Data Center, Beijing Institute of Genomics (BIG), Chinese Academy of Sciences, under accession number CRA001769 (http://bigd.big.ac.cn/gsa). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To find a fluorescent material suitable for plant growth as a device, CsPbX3 nanocrystal glasses were taken into consideration, which is very important in the field of plant lighting. Herein, a series of CsPbClxBr3−x (x = 0, 1, 1.5, 2, and 3) nanocrystal glasses with tunable emissions (420–523 nm) were successfully prepared by the melt-quenching and heat treatment route. The device was fabricated using a violet chip, CsPbCl2Br1 and CsPbBr1I2. Besides, a series of stability tests showed that the perovskite glass has good stability compared to a perovskite solution. Importantly, the electroluminescence spectra of the device were mainly in the blue light (460 nm) and the red light (620 nm), which corresponded to the wavelengths of light required for plant growth. Meanwhile, a plant lighting test showed that the device promoted plant growth. Therefore, the CsPbX3 NC glasses can be used as a new generation of solid fluorescent materials in the field of plant lighting engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite CsPb2Br5 nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted tremendous attention owing to their unique optoelectronic properties. However, their tolerance to atmospheric moisture is limited by their corresponding poor stability, which has drastically prevented the broad application of the materials in lasers, light-emitting diodes (LED) and, most recently, photocatalysis. To address this issue, we have successfully demonstrated the design and synthesis of a nanocomposite material, CsPb2Br5 NCs coated in mesoporous silica (NCs-MS), with high photoluminescence (PL) intensity, bright emission and enhanced water stability, thermal stability and photostability versus naked CsPb2Br5 NCs. The components and structure of the prepared CsPb2Br5 NCs-MS nanocomposite were investigated in detail by PL, XRD, TEM and HAADF-STEM studies. Furthermore, the mechanism behind the outstanding stability and optical properties of the prepared NCs-MS nanocomposite is discussed. Owing to the ultrahigh stability of the NCs-MS nanocomposite, the white LED (WLED) assembled by coating the CsPb2Br5 NCs-MS nanocomposite and commercial red CaAlSiN3:Eu2+ phosphor powder on an InGaN blue chip showed CIE chromaticity coordinates of (0.3377, 0.3309) and presented excellent optical parameters with a CRI of 82.9, a CCT of 5035 K and an LE of 64.9 lm W−1. This work provides a new pathway for the synthesis and application of all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite materials in WLEDs and display devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel red‐emitting phosphor Ca5Ga6O14:Eu3+ has been synthesized using solid‐state method. The excitation and emission spectra show that the phosphor can emit the red light with the main peak at 611 nm under excitation of the 280 and 393 nm UV chip and the optimal Eu3+ concentration is determined to be x = 0.07. Analysis of emission spectrum shows that Eu3+ occupy the center of noninversion symmetry. With the increase of Eu3+ doping concentration, the decay time is prolonged due to deeper energy trap arising from nonequivalent substitution. Additionally, the measured thermal stability with 0.539 eV activation energy and calculated 90.5% color purity of optimal phosphor indicate that the phosphor has an enormous application potential in w‐LEDs industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, numerous efforts have been made to develop single-phased white light-emitting phosphors for the near-UV region to solve problems of color reabsorption and ratio regulation between different phosphors. In this work, we have designed Bi3+- and Eu3+-codoped single-phased Gd2MgTiO6 phosphors to achieve tunable white light emission based on multi-luminescence center energy transfer. The structural analysis showed that all the samples were crystallized as a monoclinic double perovskite with the P21/n symmetry space group (No. 14), with HRTEM images showing clear lattice fringes between the lattice planes. The single Bi3+-doped Gd2MgTiO6 sample exhibits two obvious emission peaks at 417 and 508 nm, which correspond to a characteristic 3P1 → 1S0 transition for the Bi3+ ions under near-UV excitation due to two types of Bi3+ emission centers, with their relative emission intensity depending closely on the value of the excitation wavelength. In this case, a suitable choice of excitation wavelength can achieve tunable emission for Gd2MgTiO6: Bi3+ between blue and green. Eu3+ is codoped into Gd2MgTiO6 as a red emission component and shows sharp emission lines that correspond to the characteristic 5D0 → 7FJ (J = 1, 2, 3, and 4) transitions of Eu3+ ions. Energy transfer in Gd2MgTiO6: Bi3+, Eu3+ has been confirmed by the electric dipole-dipole (d-d) interaction from Bi3+ to Eu3+. Our experiments show that it is straightforward to create tunable white light emission by adjusting the excitation scheme and Eu3+ concentration. Moreover, a schematic for the energy transfer mechanism and simplified spectral levels based on Bi3+ and Eu3+ ions has also been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We successfully synthesized Mn‐doped CsPbBr0.5I2.5 nanocrystals (NCs) using a traditional hot injection method. The Mn‐doped CsPbBr0.5I2.5NCs have very good luminescence propertie. Unfortunately, they can only be dissolved in nonpolar solvents, and they suffer from the effect of air instability, thermal instability, and water instability. In this study, we used mesoporous SiO2 and Al2O3 coatings to improve the air stability and water stability of these nanocrystals, inhibit the loss of Mn2+. The prepared composite material not only maintains the excellent optical properties of the NCs, but also the most important is to significantly improve the stability of the NCs. Importantly, Mn‐doped CsPbBr0.5I2.5NCs can also be used as a red fluorescent material, with green CsPbBr3NC glass‐emitting white LED under the excitation of an InGaN blue chip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite quantum dots (QDs) represent bright and tunable photoluminescence, it is regrettable that the air instability and poor water resistant properties prevent their application in optoelectronic devices. At the same time, the toxicity of lead is also a major factor restricting its development. As a consequence, we demonstrate the partial replacement of Pb with Mn through conventional melt‐quenching and heat‐treatment method preparation of Mn‐doped CsPb(Cl/Br)3 QD glass. Mn‐doped CsPb(Cl/Br)3 QD glass exhibits high luminescent intensity like QDs. It is important that Mn‐doped CsPb(Cl/Br)3 QD glass with Dual‐Color maintained the same lattice structure like Mn‐doped CsPb(Cl/Br)3 QDs, and highly homogeneous spectral characteristics of Mn luminescence. The intensity and position of this Mn‐related emission are also tunable by altering the experimental parameters, such as the Pb‐to‐Mn feed ratio, annealing temperature. More importantly, the as‐prepared orange Mn‐doped CsPb(Cl/Br)3 QD glass was employed to fabricate white LEDs combined with a commercial Ce3+:Y3Al5O12 phosphor‐in‐glass (Ce‐PiG) on top of a InGaN blue chip. And the constructed WLEDs generate a warm white with an optimal luminous efficacy (LE) of 67.00 lm/W, a high CRI of 81.4, and a low CCT of 4902 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A double perovskite‐type substrate of La2MgGeO6 (LMGO) was successfully synthesized via a high‐temperature solid‐state reaction method and was codoped with Mn4+ and Dy3+ to form a new deep‐red phosphor (LMGO:Mn4+,Dy3+) for artificial plant growth light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). This extraordinary phosphor can exhibit strong far‐red emission with a maximum peak at 708 nm between 650 and 750 nm, which can be ascribed to the 2Eg → 2A2 g spin‐forbidden transition of Mn4+. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) clarified that the La3+ sites in the host were partly replaced by Dy3+ ions. Moreover, we discovered energy transfers from Dy3+ to Mn4+ by directly observing the significant overlap of the excitation spectrum of Mn4+ and the emission spectrum of Dy3+ as well as the systematic relative decline and growth of the emission bands of Dy3+ and Mn4+, respectively. With the increase in the activator (Mn4+) concentration, the relationship between the luminescence decay time and the energy transfer efficiency of the sensitizer (Dy3+) was studied in detail. Finally, an LED device was fabricated using a 460 nm blue chip, and the as‐obtained far‐red emitting LMGO:Mn4+,Dy3+ phosphors for Wedelia chinensis cultivation. As expected, the as‐fabricated plant growth LED‐treated Wedelia chinensis cultured in the artificial climate box with overhead LEDs demonstrated that after 28 days of irradiation, the average plant growth rate and the total chlorophyll content were better than those of specimens cultured using the commercial R‐B LED lamps, indicating that the as‐prepared phosphor could have a potential application in the agricultural industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of CsPbBrxI3−x NC glasses, showing tunable emission (523–693 nm) controlled by different ratios of Br− and I−, were successfully prepared. The CsPbBrxI3−x NC glasses exhibited excellent optical properties and outstanding stability towards ambient conditions, water and heat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: CsPbBr1.5I1.5 quantum dots (QDs) glasses are synthesized by traditional melting and thermal treated method, CsPbBr1.5I1.5 QDs glasses show vast potential as red fluorescence component in warm WLED applications due to their moderate emission wavelength as well as good opacity property. However, the quantum yield of QDs glasses is still low, therefore, Eu3+ ions is chosen to introduce into CsPbBr1.5I1.5 QDs, the quantum yield is enhanced to 64.7%. After a sequence of testing operations, we find that 6.5%CsPbBr1.5I1.5:0.28%Eu3+ QDs glasses is a strong competitor among red fluorescence solid materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various luminescent carbon materials are artificially synthesized and as admirable fluorescent materials because of the increased research of carbon nanodots (CDs). Herein, a novel solvent-dependent red CDs (rCDs) is introduced through solvothermal method. The as-prepared rCDs remain benzene structure and possess abundant surface function groups that endow them well solubility in various solvents. Furthermore, multicolor luminescence are observed when rCDs are dissolved in different solvents, and the emission wavelength of these materials can be well-tuned from 475 to 624 nm, which presents intensity solvent-dependent properties. Red luminescence carbon phosphors are successfully synthesized by mix rCDs with silica powder. Finally, warm white light emitting diodes (WLEDs) are constructed using rCDs powder with Ce3+: YAG single crystal and blue GaN chips. The results demonstrate that the rCDs can act as red component to modify the correlated color temperature (CCT) and the color rendering index (CRI) of WLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eu3+ ions were introduced into the lattices of CsPbBr3 perovskite QDs and a tunable multicolour emission from CsPbBr3:xEu3+ perovskite QD glass was successfully obtained. Multicolour LEDs that were fabricated by combining the as-prepared CsPbBr3:xEu3+ QD glasses with a UV chip were also researched in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, novel composite glass materials are synthesized by a facile sol-gel approach accompanied with a controlled atmosphere, in which inexpensive iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) are introduced into sodium borosilicate glasses host. By defining temperature and time limits, two iron oxide NPs with different chemical valence (FeO NPs and FeO NPs) were produced in the glass host. The incorporation of iron oxide NPs in a sodium borosilicate glasses matrix vouchsafe the obtained glasses excellent nonlinear optical response. Thus, the Z-scan method using a ultrafast femtosecond laser pulse as fast as 190 fs was employed to evaluate the nonlinear optical feature of as-derived glasses, exhibiting self-focusing effect with reverse saturable absorption. In addition, we have added the new physics analysis of the mechanism on the nonlinear effects in the paper. The obtained results imply that these glass materials are promising candidates for the future development of ultrafast nonlinear devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report the synthesis of CsPbBr3 QDs with great stability and high quantum yield in phospho-silicate glass, which was fabricated by using a heat-treatment approach, for white light emitting devices. QD glasses exhibited excellent photo- and thermal stability, and significantly prolonged the lifetime of light emitters under ambient air conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spherical shape copper oxide (CuO) quantum dots (QDs) were successfully fabricated via copper basic calcium sodium borosilicate (NaO-CaO-BO-SiO) precursor obtained with a facile sol-gel technique. The microstructural analysis of doped QDs are systemically characterized, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy. And the results reveal that the CuO QDs with the small size are well dispersed doped in sodium calcium borosilicate glass. Remarkably, the CuO glass materials exhibit the good third-order optical nonlinear susceptibility χ (1.379 × 10 esu), which was investigated by femto-second Z-scan technique at the wavelength of 1550 nm, pulse duration of 50 fs, repetition rate of 50 MHz. The glass hybrids displayed a reverse saturable absorption and self-focusing refraction performance. And the mechanism to explain the third-order nonlinearity of CuO glass may be predominantly originated from the surface plasmon resonance effect, the quantum confinement effect and partly from the thermal effect. Besides, it is interesting that the glass hybrids have significant nonlinear absorption effects that endow the material to the potential value of the application of optical limiting device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]