Search

A novel metal–organic framework (MOF) denoted as CJLU-L1 has been successfully synthesized and characterized. This MOF was assembled by dicooper paddle-wheel Secondary Building Units (SBUs) and a ligand incorporating a phosphorous group. The structure was solved and analyzed through single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), revealing a framework with two types of cages with diameters of 5.79 and 6.20 Å. The void volume of CJLU-L1 is calculated to be 8130.5 Å3 per unit cell, which is 66% of the total crystal volume (12,321.4 Å3), as calculated by PLATON after remove of guest solvent in the pores. The Brunauer − Emmett − Teller (BET) surface areas also simulated by poreblazer software to be 1557 m2/g. The CJLU-L1 exhibits high hydrogen adsorption capacity at 77 K and 1 bar. This observation underscores the practical significance of CJLU-L1 in gas adsorption. Additionally, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and infrared spectrum (IR) were performed to prove the phase purity of the CJLU-L1, and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) was conducted to analyzed to the thermal stability of the CJLU-L1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of developing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This study aimed to compare indices of myocardial deformation and perfusion between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with and without HFpEF and to investigate the relationship between myocardial strain and perfusion reserve. Methods: This study included 156 patients with T2DM without obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and 50 healthy volunteers who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examination at our center. Patients with T2DM were subdivided into the T2DM–HFpEF (n = 74) and the T2DM–non-HFpEF (n = 82) groups. The parameters of left ventricular (LV) and left atrial (LA) strain as well as stress myocardial perfusion were compared. The correlation between myocardial deformation and perfusion parameters was also assessed. Mediation analyses were used to evaluate the direct and indirect effects of T2DM on LA strain. Results: Patients with T2DM and HFpEF had reduced LV radial peak systolic strain rate (PSSR), LV circumferential peak diastolic strain rate (PDSR), LA reservoir strain, global myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI), and increased LA booster strain compared to patients with T2DM without HFpEF (all P < 0.05). Furthermore, LV longitudinal PSSR, LA reservoir, and LA conduit strain were notably impaired in patients with T2DM without HFpEF compared to controls (all P < 0.05), but LV torsion, LV radial PSSR, and LA booster strain compensated for these alterations (all P < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that LA reservoir and LA booster strain were independently associated with global MPRI (β = 0.259, P < 0.001; β = − 0.326, P < 0.001, respectively). Further, the difference in LA reservoir and LA booster strain between patients with T2DM with and without HFpEF was totally mediated by global MPRI. Global stress PI, LA booster, global rest PI, and global MPRI showed high accuracy in diagnosing HFpEF among patients with T2DM (areas under the curve [AUC]: 0.803, 0.790, 0.740, 0.740, respectively). Conclusions: Patients with T2DM and HFpEF exhibited significant LV systolic and diastolic deformation, decreased LA reservoir strain, severe impairment of myocardial perfusion, and elevated LA booster strain that is a compensatory response in HFpEF. Global MPRI was identified as an independent influencing factor on LA reservoir and LA booster strain. The difference in LA reservoir and LA booster strain between patients with T2DM with and without HFpEF was totally mediated by global MPRI, suggesting a possible mechanistic link between microcirculation impairment and cardiac dysfunction in diabetes. Myocardial perfusion and LA strain may prove valuable for diagnosing and managing HFpEF in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As storage time increases, the quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) may change, and stability is an essential aspect of ensuring the safety and efficacy of TCMs. In this study, the effects of different storage times on the stability of 12 decoction pieces were evaluated. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to determine the contents of the active components in the 12 decoction pieces. The chemical composition data were analyzed using fingerprinting and clustering heatmap (CH). Results showed that during storage, significant variations (relative standard deviation > 10%) were observed in the levels of paeoniflorin in Paeoniae Radix Alba and Paeoniae Radix Rubra, hesperidin in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, bufothionine in Siccus Bufo and chlorogenic acid in White Chrysanthemi Flos and Lonice Raejaponicae Caulis. However, calycosin-7-glucoside and calycosin in Astragali Radix Praeparata Cum Melle and chlorogenic acid in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos, Yellow Chrysanthemi Flos and Mori Folium were all <10%, which is consistent with the CH. Decoction pieces can be stored for up to six months, but it is recommended that volatile oil-containing and animal-based decoction pieces should not be stored for more than one month. This study provides new perspectives for the stability and quality control studies of TCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To explore the microstate characteristics and underlying brain network activity of Ménière's disease (MD) patients based on high‐density electroencephalography (EEG), elucidate the association between microstate dynamics and clinical manifestation, and explore the potential of EEG microstate features as future neurobiomarkers for MD. Methods: Thirty‐two patients diagnosed with MD and 29 healthy controls (HC) matched for demographic characteristics were included in the study. Dysfunction and subjective symptom severity were assessed by neuropsychological questionnaires, pure tone audiometry, and vestibular function tests. Resting‐state EEG recordings were obtained using a 256‐channel EEG system, and the electric field topographies were clustered into four dominant microstate classes (A, B, C, and D). The dynamic parameters of each microstate were analyzed and utilized as input for a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to identify significant microstate signatures associated with MD. The clinical significance was further explored through Spearman correlation analysis. Results: MD patients exhibited an increased presence of microstate class C and a decreased frequency of transitions between microstate class A and B, as well as between class A and D. The transitions from microstate class A to C were also elevated. Further analysis revealed a positive correlation between equilibrium scores and the transitions from microstate class A to C under somatosensory challenging conditions. Conversely, transitions between class A and B were negatively correlated with vertigo symptoms. No significant correlations were detected between these characteristics and auditory test results or emotional scores. Utilizing the microstate features identified via sequential backward selection, the linear SVM classifier achieved a sensitivity of 86.21% and a specificity of 90.61% in distinguishing MD patients from HC. Conclusions: We identified several EEG microstate characteristics in MD patients that facilitate postural control yet exacerbate subjective symptoms, and effectively discriminate MD from HC. The microstate features may offer a new approach for optimizing cognitive compensation strategies and exploring potential neurobiological markers in MD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The geographical environment and military activities in the plateau area pose potential work-related stressors for military personnel, leading to burnout which is an external manifestation of internal energy exhaustion caused by stress. Without countermeasures, this can result in serious military problems. This study aims to examine the association between burnout and occupational stressors among military personnel stationed in the plateau area of China. Material and methods: A stratified randomized cluster sampling survey was conducted among 2026 military personnel from 6 different troops stationed in the plateau area of China. The Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey(MBI-GS in Chinese) was administered from March 2022 to December 2023, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Results: A total of 2026 military personnel participated in the survey. The mean overall burnout score was 3.37 ± 0.73, with emotional exhaustion at 2.69 ± 0.89, depersonalization at 3.58 ± 0.92, and professional achievement at 3.81 ± 0.85 levels respectively reported by participants on average scale scores ranging from zero to six. Severe level of burnout was reported by 43.2% of participants while medium level of burnout was reported by 54.3%. Age, education level, length of military service, and household income were identified as important factors influencing burnout. Conclusion: This study highlights a relatively high prevalence of burnout among military personnel stationed in plateau areas necessitating attention towards their occupational health particularly focusing on working hours and economic aspects so as to formulate effective policies and implement intervention measures that strengthen career development for soldiers deployed in such regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The influenza A virus is the primary cause of respiratory infections and poses a global health risk. Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid (PDL) exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. PDL is commonly employed in clinical practice to manage upper respiratory tract infections. However, there is still much to uncover regarding its potential therapeutic mechanism. Methods: Institute of cancer research mice were infected with influenza A virus via nasal drip. The general state of the mice, lung index, and lung index inhibition rate were used to evaluate the efficacy of PDL. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to observe the presence of proteins and cytokines in the lung tissue. Apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL assay. Results: PDL improved the mental state of influenza A virus-infected mice, reduced the lung index, and inhibited viral replication. The expression of interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α were decreased, whereas the expression of interleukin-10 in the lung tissue was increased due to PDL treatment. In addition, PDL treatment modulated Toll-like receptor 4 and MyD88 expressions in the lung tissues. PDL significantly reduced apoptosis and decreased cleaved caspase-3 and PARP levels, whereas increased B-cell lymphoma-2 expression in the lung tissue. Notably, the moderate-dose group of PDL exhibited a more pronounced effect. These findings indicate that PDL exerts a protective effect against pneumonia injury in influenza A virus-infected mice. Conclusion: PDL inhibited the inflammatory response and regulated apoptosis by regulating Toll-like receptor 4 and MyD88 protein expressions, thereby protecting the lung tissue from viral infection-induced lung tissue injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerosis is a significant risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. The occurrence of atherosclerosis is closely related to factors such as endothelial injury, lipid deposition, immunity, and inflammation. Conventional statins, currently used in atherosclerosis treatment, have numerous adverse side effects that limit their clinical utility, prompting the urgent need to identify safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives. Growing evidence indicates the significant potential of Chinese herbs in atherosclerosis treatment. Herbal monomer components, such as natural flavonoid compounds extracted from herbs like Coptis chinensis and Panax notoginseng, have been utilized for their lipid-lowering and inflammation-inhibiting effects in atherosclerosis treatment. These herbs can be used as single components in treating diseases and with other Chinese medicines to form herbal combinations. This approach targets the disease mechanism in multiple ways, enhancing the therapeutic effects. Thus, this review examines the roles of Chinese herbal medicine monomers and Chinese herbal compounds in inhibiting atherosclerosis, including regulating lipids, improving endothelial function, reducing oxidative stress, regulating inflammation and the immune response, and apoptosis. By highlighting these roles, our study offers new perspectives on atherosclerosis treatment with Chinese herbs and is anticipated to contribute to advancements in related research fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fear extinction is a biological process in which learned fear behavior diminishes without anticipated reinforcement, allowing the organism to re-adapt to ever-changing situations. Based on the behavioral hypothesis that extinction is new learning and forms an extinction memory, this new memory is more readily forgettable than the original fear memory. The brain's cellular and synaptic traces underpinning this inherently fragile yet reinforceable extinction memory remain unclear. Intriguing questions are about the whereabouts of the engram neurons that emerged during extinction learning and how they constitute a dynamically evolving functional construct that works in concert to store and express the extinction memory. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the engram circuits and their neural connectivity plasticity for fear extinction, aiming to establish a conceptual framework for understanding the dynamic competition between fear and extinction memories in adaptive control of conditioned fear responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate predictors of anticoagulation efficacy in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by ultrasound elastography (UE). METHODS: The basic clinical, laboratory and ultrasound treatment data of fifty-eight patients with DVT were collected and analyzed. Then the results of ultrasound after 3-month anticoagulation treatment were compared among different groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors that affected anticoagulation efficacy. The predictive efficacy of each independent risk factor was accessed by drawing operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: According to the regression analysis, the elastic modulus (OR = 0.631, P = 0.001) and strain rate ratio (OR = 0.332, P = 0.006) were identified as independent risk factors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy in patients with DVT. According to the ROC curves, elastic modulus and strain rate ratio could predict effective anticoagulation therapy for DVT, and the optimal threshold values were 22.10 kPa and 1.80 respectively. The corresponding AUC values were 0.879 and 0.854, with a sensitivity of 71.4% and 59.5%, a specificity of 93.7%, and a Youden index of 65.1% and 62.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The elastic modulus (≤22.10 kPa) or strain rate ratio (≤1.80) of the thrombus were independent predictors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel three‐pole bandpass filter with a pair of controllable transmission zeros (TZs) is proposed first. The proposed structure is based on asymmetric dual‐postresonators and two external resonators. The fundamental mode and the first higher mode of the asymmetric dual‐postresonators are used as the nonresonant mode and the resonant mode separately. The nonresonant mode generates direct source to load negative coupling, thus providing one TZ located below the passband. The asymmetric dual‐postresonators and one of the external resonators R3 form a magnetically coupled cascaded triplet unit to produce the other TZ above the passband. Therefore, these two TZs are independently controlled. Moreover, the filter has a good quality factor (Qu ${Q}_{u}$), of around 2700, compact size and an excellent out‐of‐band performance. For further suppressing the harmonic response and improving the processing accuracy, a six‐pole bandpass filter with harmonic suppression is designed and fabricated by using metal 3D printing technology. The measured result matches well with the simulated one, which verifies the accuracy of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integrality of the numbers $A_{n,m}={(2n)!(2m)!}/{n!m!(n+m)!}$ was observed by Catalan as early as 1874 and Gessel named $A_{n,m}$ the super Catalan numbers. The positivity of the q -super Catalan numbers (q -analogue of the super Catalan numbers) was investigated by Warnaar and Zudilin ['A q -rious positivity', Aequationes Math. 81 (2011), 177–183]. We prove the divisibility of sums of q -super Catalan numbers, which establishes a q -analogue of Apagodu's congruence involving super Catalan numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the association between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) activities measured by two of Taiwan's leading publishers, the Commonwealth Magazine and the Global View Magazine, and the acquirer's short- and long-term performances after the merger announcement in Taiwan. We use CEO compensation and the firm's free cash flow as the proxies for CEO self-confidence. We find that the acquirer's CSR engagement is positively associated with its long-term performance but not with its short-term performance. CEO compensation is positively associated with the acquirer's performance, especially after the mandatory establishment of the remuneration committee for publicly traded firms. However, the acquirer's free cash flow is found negatively associated with its performance, supporting Jensen's (Agency costs of free cash flow, corporate finance, and takeovers. American Economic Review, 76, 323–329) free cash flow hypothesis or CEO hubris. These findings indicate that the CSR measurements of Commonwealth Magazine and Global View Magazine do provide valuable information for CSR activities and that CSR activities do enhance firm value in the long run. Furthermore, the requirement for the establishment of the remuneration committee does improve the effectiveness of CEO compensation for firm performance in Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrite (NO2−) and hydrazine (N2H4) are common N‐pollutants in groundwater. The electrochemical method can realize the treatment of N‐pollutants and the synthesis of energy substance ammonia (NH3). Designing and synthesizing efficient electrocatalysts is of great significance. Herein, ultrathin Co0.5NiS nanosheets attached on nickel foam (Co0.5NiS‐NSs/NF) are synthesized via cyanogel‐NaBH4 hydrolysis process and succedent sulfurization approach. Owing to the ultrathin nanosheet structure and the interaction between Ni and Co, Co0.5NiS‐NSs/NF exhibits high activity for NO2− reduction reaction (NO2−RR), in which the Faraday efficiency is 92.2% and the NH3 yield is 0.25 mmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.15 V potential. Meanwhile, Co0.5NiS‐NSs/NF also displays remarkable activity for N2H4 oxidation reaction in KOH electrolyte. Therefore, a symmetrical Co0.5NiS‐NSs/NF||Co0.5NiS‐NSs/NF electrolyzer is assembled, which only needs the operating voltage of 0.36 V to reach 10 mA cm−2 for NO2−‐to‐NH3 conversion in the presence of N2H4. This work reports a promising and efficient strategy for NH3 production at a small operating voltage and treatment of the N‐pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new cyclohexenone derivative, phomopine (1), together with five known compounds (2-6) were isolated from Phomopsis sp. XM-01. The structure of 1 was determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. In vitro bioassays, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus with their corresponding minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 64 μg/mL and 16 μg/mL, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we focus on the boundary regularity for a class of k-Hessian equations which can be degenerate and (or) singular on the boundary of the domain. Motivated by the case of Monge–Ampère equations, we first construct sub-solutions, then apply the characteristic of the global Hölder continuity for convex functions, and finally use the maximum principle to obtain the boundary Hölder continuity for the solutions of the k-Hessian equations. However, finding such sub-solutions is very difficult due to the complexity of the k-Hessian operator. In particular, we employ the symmetric mean to overcome the difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established and effective treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), yet its underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. Optogenetics, primarily conducted in animal models, provides a unique approach that allows cell type- and projection-specific modulation that mirrors the frequency-dependent stimulus effects of DBS. Opto-DBS research in animal models plays a pivotal role in unraveling the neuronal and synaptic adaptations that contribute to the efficacy of DBS in PD treatment. DBS-induced neuronal responses rely on a complex interplay between the distributions of presynaptic inputs, frequency-dependent synaptic depression, and the intrinsic excitability of postsynaptic neurons. This orchestration leads to conversion of firing patterns, enabling both antidromic and orthodromic modulation of neural circuits. Understanding these mechanisms is vital for decoding position- and programming-dependent effects of DBS. Furthermore, patterned stimulation is emerging as a promising strategy yielding long-lasting therapeutic benefits. Research on the neuronal and synaptic adaptations to DBS may pave the way for the development of more enduring and precise modulation patterns. Advanced technologies, such as adaptive DBS or directional electrodes, can also be integrated for circuit-specific neuromodulation. These insights hold the potential to greatly improve the effectiveness of DBS and advance PD treatment to new levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical activity and stability of multimetallic nanomaterials can be improved by adjusting the structure, morphology, and composition. Herein, trimetallic AuAgPt nanowires (AuAgPt-NWs) are achieved by the galvanic replacement reaction (GRR). The corrugated one-dimensional structure of AuAgPt-NWs increases catalytically active sites and improves chemical stability. Meanwhile, the special localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) response of Au nanomaterials further enhances their electrocatalytic activity under light irradiation conditions. For the formic acid oxidation reaction, Au6.4Ag2.6Pt1.0-NWs exhibit a high mass activity (3081.25 mA mgpt−1), which is 24.4 times higher than that of commercial Pt nanoparticles (126.38 mA mgpt−1). Au6.4Ag2.6Pt1.0-NWs also show enhanced electrocatalytic activity relative to commercial Pt nanoparticles for the hydrogen evolution reaction at 10 mA cm−2. Under light conditions, the electrolysis system of Au6.4Ag2.6Pt1.0-NWs only needs a voltage of 0.33 V to achieve H2 production, which originates from the excellent bifunctional electrocatalytic performance of Au6.4Ag2.6Pt1.0-NWs and the photothermal effect caused by LSPR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydraulic fracturing facilitates the development and exploitation of unconventional reservoirs. In this study, the injected hydraulic fracturing fluid (HFF) and flowback and produced water (FPW) in tight oil reservoirs of the Lucaogou Formation in the Junggar Basin are temporally sampled from day 1 to day 64. Freshwater is used for fracturing, and HFF is obtained. The chemical and isotopic parameters (including the water type, total salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, concentrations of Na+, Cl−, Ba+, K+, Fe2+ + Fe3+, and CO32−, δD, and δ18O) are experimentally obtained, and their variations with time are systematically analyzed based on the flowback water. The results show that the water type, Na/Cl ratio, total salinity, and TDS of the FPW change periodically primarily due to the HFF mixing with formation water, thus causing δD and δ18O to deviate from the meteoric water line of Xinjiang. Because of water–rock interaction (WRI), the concentrations of Fe2+ + Fe3+and CO32− of the FPW increase over time, with the solution pH becoming more alkaline. Furthermore, based on the significant changes observed in the geochemistry of the FPW, three separate time intervals of flowback time are identified: Stage I (< 10 days), where the FPW is dominated by the HFF and the changes in ions and isotopes are mainly caused by the WRI; Stage II (10–37 days), where the FPW is dominated by the addition of formation water to the HFF and the WRI is weakened; and finally, Stage III (> 37 days), where the FPW is dominated by the chemistry of the formation water. The methodology implemented in this study can provide critical support for the source identification of formation water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hot-dip galvanizing process is widely used in the production of steel products as an important anti-corrosion method for steel products. Due to the complexity of the galvanizing process and the immaturity of some technologies, some factory productions of hot-dip galvanizing products are often with defects such as unsuitable spangle size in the head and tail, unsuitable spangle size in the edge, diagonal edge, and penetration streaks (zinc flow lines), which seriously affect the appearance of the zinc layer and subsequent using function, and are likely to cause undesirable consequences. In order to solve these problems, the object detection method in the field of deep learning is applied to the zinc spangles defects detection. Firstly, a dataset of zinc spangles defects on zinc-coated steel surfaces was established, and the dataset is preprocessed in this paper. Data enhancement is used to improve the generalization ability of the model, and Wiener filter is used to reduce the motion blur. This paper combines transformer structure and Bi-FPN structure with the YOLO-v5 model to propose the YOLOv5-Transformer-BiFPN (YOLOv5-TB) model. The YOLOv5-TB model is used for zinc-coated steel defect detection, which can accurately and quickly detect spangles defects on the surface of zinc-coated steel. The experimental results show that the overall performance of YOLOv5-TB network applied to the detection of zinc spangles defects on zinc-coated steel surfaces is better than most of the current mainstream Object detection algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The role of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) is not fully understood. Methods: In this retrospective analysis, we included 316 HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy and preoperative CTC detection. We selected 41 pairs of matched HCC patients with and without PVTT using propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. We compared the preoperative CTC counts in patients from both the full cohort and the PSM model. We also analyzed their associations with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Results: Before and after PSM analysis, the preoperative CTC counts in the HCC with PVTT group were substantially higher than in the HCC without PVTT group. In both the full cohort of patients and the PSM model, patients with CTC ≥ 2 had significantly shorter OS and DFS than patients with CTC < 2. The outcomes of HCC patients with PVTT could be well differentiated by preoperative CTC levels. HCC patients with CTC ≥ 2 had noticeably shorter OS (9.9 months vs. 24.6 months, P = 0.0003) and DFS (6.0 months vs. 12.3 months, P = 0.0041) than those with CTC < 2. Moreover, preoperative CTC ≥ 2 remained an independent predictor in all groups' multivariate analysis. Conclusion: We discovered a link between preoperative CTC counts and the occurrence of PVTT and confirmed the prognostic significance of preoperative CTC in HCC patients with PVTT. These findings suggest that preoperative CTC counts have the potential to assist in identifying patients with HCC and PVTT who may benefit from surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Middle-phase microemulsion flooding system becomes a hot spot in the research of greatly enhanced oil recovery technology owing to its excellent solubilization ability. Based on the characteristics of Changqing Wuliwan low-permeability reservoir the mixed system of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and coconut fatty acid polyoxyethylene betaine with a mass ratio of 1 u 3 is used as the main surfactant of middle-phase microemulsion n-butanol is selected as the cosurfactant and the range of alcohol concentration required to form middle-phase microemulsion is 1.3 -3.7 according to the fishlike phase diagram and the corresponding surfactant mas concentration is0.3 -0.7. The salinity ranges corresponding to the formation of middle phase and disappearance of middle phase in microemulsion are 1.5 and 6. 0 and the salt width of forming middle phase microemulsion is 4.5. When the mas concentration of NaCl is about 4.8 the solubilization effect is the best and the interfacial tension reaches an ultra-low level of 10 3 mN/m. Sand filling model microemulsion flooding experiment improves oil displacement efficiency by 23. 25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, Zn-Fe layered double hydroxides (LDHs) modified quartz sand was prepared by coprecipitation method and cultivated with inoculation of Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 under aerobic, anaerobic and alternating conditions, to examine the biofilm formation process on LDHs modified matrix and its removal efficiency of BDE-47 as the target pollutant. The biotic and abiotic removal mechanisms of BDE-47 were further explored by monitoring variations of Fe2+ and H2O2 concentrations in the reaction systems. The results showed that LDHs coating would not affect the formation of biofilm on the surface of the modified quartz sand, but Zn-Fe LDHs modified matrix showed certain inhibitory effects on electron transport system activity of CN32 under aerobic condition, while the composition of extracellular polymer substance (EPS) of matrix biofilm changed with an increase in the proportion of polysaccharide under anaerobic condition. Total concentrations of EPS in the matrix biofilm reaction systems were significantly higher than those in the pure CN32 system under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.The formation of matrix biofilm significantly improved the removal efficiency of BDE-47 in the reaction system (about 25%) under aerobic and anaerobic alternating condition. Under the alternating condition, the removal of BDE-47 in the first three cycles (within 72h) depended mainly on matrix adsorption; while 72h later, biofilm adsorption and biodegradation contributed jointly, and LDHs modified matrix exhibited greater boosting potential in the later stage. This study firstly demonstrated the biofilm formation characteristics of LDHs modified matrix and its potential for the removal of PBDEs from the aqueous phase, and provided new ideas for enhancing the biodegradation of PBDEs in constructed wetlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cordyceps is a diverse genus of insect pathogenic fungi, with about 180 accepted species, including some well-known ones used as ethnic medicine and/or functional food. Nevertheless, mitogenomes are only available for four members of the genus. The current study reports the mitogenome of Cordyceps blackwelliae, a newly described entomopathogenic fungus. The 42,257-bp mitogenome of the fungus encoded genes typically found in fungal mitogenomes, and a total of 14 introns inserted into seven genes, including cob (1 intron), cox1 (4), cox3 (3), nad1 (1), nad4 (1), nad5 (1), and rnl (3). RNA-Seq analysis revealed differential expression of mitochondrial genes and supported annotations resulting from in silico analysis. There was clear evidence for polycistronic transcription and alternative splicing of mitochondrial genes. Comparison among mitogenomes of five different Cordyceps species (i.e., C. blackwelliae, C. chanhua, C. militaris, C. pruinosa, and C. tenuipes) revealed a high synteny, with mitogenome size expansion correlating with intron insertions. Different mitochondrial protein-coding genes showed variable degrees of genetic differentiation among these species, but they were all under purifying selection. Mitochondrial phylogeny based on either nucleotide or amino acid sequences confirmed the taxonomic position of C. blackwelliae in Cordycipitaceae, clustering together with C. chanhua. This study promotes our understanding of fungal evolution in Cordyceps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well established that p-Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs), including ferulic, caffeic, sinapic, and p-coumaric acids, possess a characteristic phenylpropanoid C6-C3 backbone and account for about one-third of the phenolic compounds in our diet. HCAs are typically associated with various plant cell wall components, including mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, sterols, polyamines, glycoproteins, and lignins. Interestingly, enzymes produced by intestinal microbes liberate HCAs from these associations. HCAs are completely absorbed in their free form upon ingestion and undergo specific reactions upon absorption in the small intestine or liver. The gut epithelium, composed of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), acts as a physical barrier against harmful bacteria and a site for regulated interactions between bacteria and the gut lumen. Thus, maintaining the integrity of the epithelial barrier is essential for establishing a physiochemical environment conducive to homeostasis. This review summarizes the protective effects of HCAs on the intestinal barrier, achieved through four mechanisms: preserving tight junction proteins (TJPs), modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, exerting antioxidant activity, and regulating the intestinal microbiota. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important wave energy converter (WEC), the double-buoy device has advantages of wider energy absorption band and deeper water adaptability, which attract an increasing number of attentions from researchers. This paper makes an in-depth study on double-buoy WEC, by means of the combination of model experiment and numerical simulation. The Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) and energy capture of the double-buoy under constant power take-off (PTO) damping are investigated in the model test, while the average power output and capture width ratio (CWR) are calculated by the numerical simulation to analyze the influence of the wave condition, PTO, and the geometry parameters of the device. The AQWA-Fortran united simulation system, including the secondary development of AQWA software coupled with the flowchart of the Fortran code, models a new dynamic system. Various viscous damping and hydraulic friction from WEC system are measured from the experimental results, and these values are added to the equation of motion. As a result, the energy loss is contained in the final numerical model the by united simulation system. Using the developed numerical model, the optimal period of energy capture is identified. The power capture reaches the maximum value under the outer buoy's natural period. The paper gives the peak value of the energy capture under the linear PTO damping force, and calculates the optimal mass ratio of the device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Itch is an annoying sensation consisting of both sensory and emotional components. It is known to involve the parabrachial nucleus (PBN), but the following transmission nodes remain elusive. The present study identified that the PBN-central medial thalamic nucleus (CM)-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pathway is essential for itch signal transmission at the supraspinal level in male mice. Chemogenetic inhibition of the CM-mPFC pathway attenuates scratching behavior or chronic itch-related affective responses. CM input to mPFC pyramidal neurons is enhanced in acute and chronic itch models. Specifically chronic itch stimuli also alter mPFC interneuron involvement, resulting in enhanced feedforward inhibition and a distorted excitatory/inhibitory balance in mPFC pyramidal neurons. The present work underscores CM as a transmit node of the itch signal in the thalamus, which is dynamically engaged in both the sensory and affective dimensions of itch with different stimulus salience. Itch is known to involve the parabrachial nucleus, but the following transmission nodes remain elusive. Here, the authors show in male mice that the central medial thalamic nucleus—medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) pathway transmits itch signals and is involved in both acute scratching and chronic itch-related affective behavior, with an altered excitatory/inhibitory balance in mPFC in chronic itch models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Rare Metals is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Zona incerta (ZI) is an integrative subthalamic region in nociceptive neurotransmission. Previous studies demonstrated that the rostral ZI (ZIR) is an important gamma–aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) source to the thalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVT), but whether the ZIR–PVT pathway participates in nociceptive modulation is still unclear. Therefore, our investigation utilized anatomical tracing, fiber photometry, chemogenetic, optogenetic and local pharmacological approaches to investigate the roles of the ZIRGABA+–PVT pathway in nociceptive neurotransmission in mice. We found that projections from the GABAergic neurons in ZIR to PVT were involved in nociceptive neurotransmission. Furthermore, chemogenetic and optogenetic activation of the ZIRGABA+–PVT pathway alleviates pain, whereas inhibiting the activities of the ZIRGABA+-PVT circuit induces mechanical hypersensitivity and partial heat hyperalgesia. Importantly, in vivo pharmacology combined with optogenetics revealed that the GABA-A receptor (GABAAR) is crucial for GABAergic inhibition from ZIR to PVT. Our data suggest that the ZIRGABA+–PVT pathway acts through GABAAR-expressing glutamatergic neurons in PVT mediates nociceptive neurotransmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted treatments have improved the health outcomes of patients with advanced melanoma. However, due to the high cost of novel therapies, it is crucial to evaluate their value by considering both effectiveness and cost. To compare the cost-effectiveness of these novel agents (atezolizumab-vemurafenib-cobimetinib, vemurafenib-plus-cobimetinib, dabrafenib-plus-trametinib, and encorafenib-plus-binimetinib) for first-line treatment of metastatic melanoma with the BRAFV600 mutation. Methods: A patient-level model was developed to project the health outcomes of 4 strategies for patients with advanced melanoma. We estimated transition probabilities from the IMspire150 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02908672), COMBI-AD (NCT01682083), and COLUMBUS (NCT01909453) trials using a parametric survival model. All health outcomes, including direct cost, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), were estimated from the US payer perspective. Lifetime cost, QALYs, life-years (LYs), and ICERs were calculated. Univariable and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test model robustness, along with multiple scenario analyses. Results: Of the 4 competing strategies, atezolizumab-vemurafenib-cobimetinib produced the best health outcomes, and the vemurafenib-cobimetinib strategy was the least expensive option. Atezolizumab-vemurafenib-cobimetinib, dabrafenib-plus-trametinib, and vemurafenib-cobimetinib formed the cost-effective frontier, indicating that the ordered ICERs were $325,113/QALYs for dabrafenib-plus-trametinib vs. vemurafenib-cobimetinib strategies and $2,247,500/QALYs for atezolizumab-vemurafenib-cobimetinib vs. dabrafenib-plus-trametinib strategies. Encorafenib-plus-binimetinib was dominated by the other 3 competing strategies. The drug price and first-line utility significantly influenced the model utcomes. Conclusions: For BRAF-mutant advanced melanoma, the vemurafenib-cobimetinib strategy could be considered the most cost-effective treatment at the willingness-to-pay threshold of $150,000. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have emerged as a prognostic marker in endometrial cancer (EC). However, the role of TILs in EC with distinct histology grades and molecular types (such as mismatch repair [MMR] deficiency) has not yet been made clear. We retrospectively included 237 patients with primary EC who underwent a standard staging operation of laparoscopic or laparotomy total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for analyses. An independent pathologist who was blind to the study patients' information reviewed the pathologic slides to assess TILs according to the method introduced by the International Immuno-Oncology Biomarkers Working Group in 2017. The outcomes of interest included both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The Kaplan–Meier method was used to determine the curves of PFS and OS according to TILs, and also in the relevant subgroups (low-grade vs. high-grade, MMR-proficient vs. MMR-deficient). After a median follow-up duration of 1.82 years, 18 patients had experienced either disease progression or death. Overall, TILs (+) were not associated with PFS or OS. We did observe, however, that TILs (+) were associated with a better PFS (p = 0.045) in patients with high-grade EC, but not in those with low-grade tumors (p = 0.733). The effect of TILs on PFS was not observed in patients with MMR-proficient (p = 0.347) or MMR-deficient (p = 0.168) EC. TILs were associated with a better PFS in patients with high-grade EC. Our results suggest that TILs may be a potential prognostic marker in these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore whether METTL14 is involved in regulating the fibroblast proliferation and inflammatory cytokine secretion by regulating the m6A modification of pri-miR-141. Methods: MRC-5 cells were transfected via METTL14 overexpression lentivirus to increase METTL14 expression. Levels of METTL14 and ZEB1 were measured by qPCR and western blot. The effect of METTL14 on MRC-5 proliferation and apoptosis was determined by CCK-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. The ELISA kits of IL-2, IL6 and TNF-α were used to detect the effect of METTL14 on MRC-5 inflammatory secretion. m6A modification site on pri-miR-141 was detected by meRIP. The binding site between pri-miR-141 and METTL14 was determined by RIP. Results: We successfully upregulated METTL14 expression in MRC-5 cells. Elevated METTL14 promoted MRC-5 cell proliferation, suppressed its apoptosis and promoted inflammatory factors secretion in MRC-5 cells. pri-miR-141 had m6A modification sites. pri-miR-141 can directly bind to METTL14. METTL14 upregulation increased miR-141 while suppressed ZEB1 expression. Conclusion: METTL14 can promote the expression of miR-141 by increasing the m6A modification site of pri-miR-141, and inhibit ZEB1, thereby promoting the proliferation of fibroblasts and the secretion of inflammatory factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is of great challenge to produce highly pure C2H2 from the CO2/C2H2 mixture because of their similar physical properties. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great potential in purifying C2H2 by virtue of their versatile pore environment with excellent tunability. However, the rational exploration of ideal MOF adsorbents with CO2-preferred CO2/C2H2 separation performance (also called inverse C2H2/CO2 separation) is extremely difficult. In this work, we demonstrate a new Zn-MOF family (SNNU-334–336) with special CO2-preferred CO2/C2H2 separation performance, which can be rationally controlled by functional groups as well as temperature. Notably, SNNU-334–336 MOFs show extremely high stability, and SNNU-336 can maintain a stable structure even after 7 days in boiling water and 30 days in air, which is unprecedented for all Zn-based MOF materials. Different to common MOF adsorbents, the adsorption isotherms of SNNU-334–336 MOFs for C2H2 and CO2 under the same temperature all have an intersection point (we called the inverse point), which gradually moves to the high-pressure region with the increase of temperature and changes with the pore environment variation. So, SNNU-334–336 MOFs can be rationally controlled from C2H2-selective to CO2-selective CO2/C2H2 adsorption separation adsorbents. IAST selectivity calculation indicates that a very high CO2 over C2H2 selectivity (3595.4) can be achieved, which nearly surpasses those of all reported MOFs with CO2-preferred CO2/C2H2 separation performance. Fixed-bed column breakthrough experiments further prove that SNNU-334–336 MOFs all have controllable inverse CO2/C2H2 separation ability and can produce C2H2 with extra-high purity (>99.9%) from the CO2/C2H2 (1/99) mixture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although seismic and hydrothermal data show evidence of magma–seawater interaction in slow spreading-rate ridges, such a process has been rarely observed in situ in lower oceanic crust. In this study, we reported petrological and mineral data on the plutonic rocks from the lower oceanic crust of the Lagkorco ophiolite from central Tibet, which shows geological and petrological features indicative of a slow-spreading ridge origin. Both troctolites and gabbros were derived from depleted magmas containing 0.5–1.0 wt.% H2O. Petrology and geochemistry indicate that troctolites have experienced two stages of melt impregnation: (1) early, water-poor melt impregnation in a dunitic matrix and (2) late, hydrous melt impregnation in a troctolitic matrix. Stage (1) generated oikocrysts of clinopyroxene and plagioclase within an olivine-rich matrix, while stage (2) formed brown amphibole. The high Cl (up to 0.25 wt%) contents of the brown amphibole and the fast cooling of the troctolites (~ 0.1 °C/year) suggest that stage (2) melt impregnation was associated with the hydration of the intercumulus melts by seawater infiltration. Together with the strong arc affinities of basalts, we suggest that Lagkorco ophiolite was formed at a nascent, slow-spreading back-arc basin with a fault-controlled crustal accretion. The deep-rooted faults may provide the channels for the downward seawater infiltration into the hot, impregnation zone near the crust–mantle transition zone. This study provides an example of seawater–magma interaction in the nascent back-arc lower oceanic crust with implications for the interplay among tectonic, hydrothermal, and magmatic processes at the slow-spreading ridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing evidence indicates that testosterone is a conspicuous marker for assessing male bone mineral density (BMD). However, research regarding testosterone levels and BMD is sparse and controversial for females. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between testosterone levels and BMD among adult females aged 40–60 years in the United States. In this cross-sectional study, all participants were part of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011–2016). A weighted general linear model was used to estimate the association between testosterone levels and lumbar BMD. Age, race, income level, education level, body mass index (BMI), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level, serum uric acid (UA) level, serum calcium (Ca) level, serum phosphorus (P) level, the use of oral contraceptive pills, the use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), smoking status, drinking status, and the use of corticosteroids were adjusted using a weighted multiple regression model. Subgroup analyses were performed using the same regression model. We included 2198 female participants in the study, and testosterone levels were positively associated with lumbar BMD after adjusting for all the covariates (β = 1.12, 95% CI 0.31, 1.93). In subgroup analyses, the associations in the fourth quartile of testosterone levels were stronger for the participants aged 40–50 years old (quartile 4, β = 42.92, 95% CI 7.53, 78.30 vs. quartile 1) and 50 to 60-year-old (quartile 4, β = 32.41, 95% CI 0.14, 64.69 vs. quartile 1). Similar results were found in other subgroups, including subgroups for race (Non-Hispanic Black, Other), income level (income ≤ 1.3, income > 3.5), education level (college or higher), BMI > 25 kg/m2, BUN levels ≤ 20 mg/dL, UA levels ≤ 6 mg/dL, Ca levels ≤ 10.1 mg/dL, P levels ≤ 5 mg/dL, drinking status, never smoker, never taking birth control pills, and HRT user. There was no interaction among the covariates in the association between lumbar BMD and testosterone levels (P for interaction > 0.05). In US adult females aged 40–60 years, the testosterone level was a positive predictor of the lumbar BMD after adjusting for covariates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metal (M=Co, Cu, Mn, Sn, Fe) xanthene‐bridged bis‐corroles (M2XBC) were synthesized and used for catalyzing aerobic Baeyer‐Villiger (B‐V) oxidation of cyclic ketones to corresponding lactones. It turns out iron (IV) bis‐corrole complex (Fe2XBC) exhibited excellent activity and selectivity towards the B‐V oxidation of various cyclic ketones at very low catalyst loading. The yield of ϵ‐caprolactone could reach 98% with only 0.005 mol% catalyst. The turnover number (TON) of the Fe2XBC catalyst could even be up to 17400 in a gram‐scale oxidation of cyclohexanone, showing the promising for industrial usage. Moreover, the existences of benzoyl radical and benzoylperoxy radical in the reaction were proved by ESI‐HRMS spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. A plausible radical mechanism for the metal bis‐corrole catalyzed aerobic B‐V oxidation of cyclohexanone in the presence benzaldehyde additive was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The association between educational attainment (EA) and offspring birth weight (BW) has been reported by several traditional epidemiological studies. However, evidence for this association tends to be mixed and confounded. This study aimed to investigate the causal association between EA of parents and offspring BW. Methods: Here, we carried out a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal association between EA of males (n = 131,695) and females (n = 162,028) and offspring BW using genetic instruments. Summary statistics of EA associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were extracted from a GWAS incorporating 293,723 individuals of European descent performed by the Social Science Genetic Association Consortium (SSGAC), and the effects of these SNPs on offspring BWwere estimated using a GWAS meta-analysis of 86,577 participants of European descent from 25 studies. Univariable MR analyses were conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method and four other methods. Further sensitivity analyses were carried out to test the viability of the results. Multivariable MR was used to examine the confounders between the exposure and outcome. Results: The result shows evidence that the offspring BW is positively causally affected by female EA. Each one standard deviation (SD) increase in female EA was associated with 0.24 SD higher of offspring BW (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10 to 0.37, p < 0.001 for the IVW method). Similarly, change in offspring BWwas 0.21 SD (95% CI: 0.07 to 0.34, p = 2.82 × 10-3) per one SD higher in male EA. No causal effect of BW on EA was found by any of the five methods. The causal association between female EA and offspring BW maintained after adjusting for alcoholic drinks per week and BMI. The effect of male EA on offspring BW was attenuated when we adjusted for BMI and alcoholic drinks per week using multivariable MR analysis. Conclusion: Our study indicated that female EA is positively causally associated with offspring BW. The association between male EA and offspring BW may be confounded by alcoholic drinks per week and BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal corrole catalyzed Baeyer‐Villiger oxidation reaction was successfully achieved for the first time. Among all tested Co, Mn, Fe and Cu complexes of 5, 10, 15‐Tris (pentafluorophenyl) corrole, Fe complex [Fe(tpfc)Cl] exhibited the best activity, and the highest yield was observed for six membered cyclic ketones. Preliminary results suggest that Fe(tpfc)Cl may act as an initiator for dehydrogenation of benzaldehyde to generate benzoyl radical, which will form peroxybenzoic acid under molecular oxygen atmosphere. The oxidation of Fe(tpfc)Cl catalyst by peroxybenzoic acid produces high‐valent iron‐oxo corrole intermediate. The iron‐oxo corrole is attacked by cyclohexanone to form a Criegee adduct, which will finally generate ϵ‐caprolactone product to finish the catalytic cycle. The 4 A‐MS additive may accelerate the production of perbenzoic acid and significantly improve the reaction yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) is a rare variant of carcinoma with unique radiological and pathological features. This unusual carcinoma has been reported in a variety of organs and pancreas is the most frequently involved anatomical site. UCOGC of pancreas attains a relatively indolent clinical behavior and should be distinguished from ordinary pancreatobiliary adenocarcinoma. This paper presents the first case of UCOGC involving the entire segment of common bile duct (CBD) and common hepatic duct (CHD) without extending to the pancreatic tissue. Getting familiar with its clinical, radiological and pathological characters can help establish accurate diagnosis despite the occurrence of an unusual location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Hypoxia plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer, but the effect of hypoxia-related genes in pancreatic cancer remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to identify hypoxia-related genes related to pancreatic cancer and construct a prognostic signature. Methods. Pancreatic cancer datasets were retrieved from TCGA database. Cox regression analyses were used to identify hypoxia-related genes and construct a prognostic signature. Datasets from International Cancer Genome Consortium and GEO databases were used as validated cohorts. The CIBERSORT method was applied to estimate the fractions of immune cell types. DNA methylation and protein levels of the genes in pancreatic cancer were examined. Results. Three hypoxia-related genes (TES, LDHA, and ANXA2) were identified as associated with patient survival and selected to construct a prognostic signature. Patients were divided into high- and low-risk groups based on the signature. Those in the high-risk group showed worse survival than those in the low-risk group. The signature was shown to be involved in the HIF-1 signaling pathway. The time-dependent ROC analyses of three independent validated cohorts further revealed that this signature had a better prognostic value in the prediction of the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Immune cells analysis for three datasets demonstrated that high-risk signature was significantly associated with macrophages and T cells. DNA methylation and protein levels of the three genes validated their aberrant expression in pancreatic cancer. Conclusions. Our research provided a novel and reliable prognostic signature that composes of three hypoxia-related genes to estimate the prognosis of pancreatic cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: A huge population, especially the elderly, suffers from otogenic vertigo. However, the multi-modal vestibular network changes, secondary to periphery vestibular dysfunction, have not been fully elucidated. We aim to identify potential microstate electroencephalography (EEG) signatures for otogenic vertigo in this study. Materials and Methods: Patients with recurrent otogenic vertigo and age-matched healthy adults were recruited. We performed 256-channel EEG recording of all participants at resting state. Neuropsychological questionnaires and vestibular function tests were taken as a measurement of patients' symptoms and severity. We clustered microstates into four classes (A, B, C, and D) and identified their dynamic and syntax alterations of them. These features were further fed into a support vector machine (SVM) classifier to identify microstate signatures for vertigo. Results: We compared 40 patients to 45 healthy adults, finding an increase in the duration of Microstate A, and both the occurrence and time coverage of Microstate D. The coverage and occurrence of Microstate C decreased significantly, and the probabilities of non-random transitions between Microstate A and D, as well as Microstate B and C, also changed. To distinguish the patients, the SVM classifier, which is built based on these features, got a balanced accuracy of 0.79 with a sensitivity of 0.78 and a specificity of 0.8. Conclusion: There are several temporal dynamic alterations of EEG microstates in patients with otogenic vertigo, especially in Microstate D, reflecting the underlying process of visual-vestibular reorganization and attention redistribution. This neurophysiological signature of microstates could be used to identify patients with vertigo in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]