Search

The experiment was to investigate effect of adding complex plant essential oils (oregano essential oil, cinnamaldehyde, eucalyptus oil) to diet of broilers on growth performance, immune function and antioxidant capacity. A total of 120 one-day-old healthy broilers with similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into four groups, with three replicates in each group and 10 broilers in each replicate. The control group broilers were fed with basic diet, while low, medium and high dose groups were supplemented with 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg of composite plant essential oil in basic diet, respectively. Broilers were raised in three stages: 1~21, 22~42 and 43~60 d, the experiment lasted for 60 d. The results showed that ADG of broilers in medium and high dose groups was significantly higher than that in control group and low dose group on 1~21, 22~42 and 1~42 d (P<0.05), and F/G was significantly lower than other two groups (P<0.05). The ADFI of broilers in low, medium and high dose groups on 43~60 d was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Titer of newcastle disease antibody and content of serum IgG, IgA and lgM in medium and high dose groups of broilers were significantly higher than those in control group and low dose group (P<0.05). T-AOC and T-SOD in serum of broilers in low, medium and high dose groups were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05), and content of MDA was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). The experiment indicates that adding complex plant essential oils to diet can improve growth performance, enhance immune function and antioxidant capacity of broilers with an appropriate dosage of 200 mg/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel sliding mode control technique for finite-time synchronization transmission of signal in erbium-doped laser network. First, we introduce the structure of erbium-doped laser network. Then the unique sliding surface and network controller are designed to complete the finite-time synchronization transmission of signal in erbium-doped laser network. Finally, the effectiveness of the finite-time synchronization transmission technique is numerically illustrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the finite-time synchronisation transmission of quantum signals between Jaynes-Cummings models is researched based on coupling technology. We first analyse the quantum properties of a Jaynes-Cummings model. Based on these, we achieve the finite-time synchronisation transmission of quantum signals between Jaynes-Cummings models and design the adaptive law of coupling coefficient. Finally, numerical simulations are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the analytical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the response of quantum entanglement to feedback control in an optomechanical system which is controlled by the feedback optical field. We concluded that the feedback field leads to two different mechanisms, increasing the effective coupling between the cavity and the oscillator, as well as the thermalization of the cavity photons. The result of the competition between above mechanisms lead to the weakening of the entanglement. Through modulate the pump laser, we find that the direct current part of the entanglement has a different response to feedback from other entangled peaks. Our work provides a basis for regulating the evolution of entanglement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the problem of exponential synchronisation between time-delay spatiotemporal network and target system is studied. Based on the Lyapunov stability principle, the Lyapunov–Krasovskii generic function with exponential form is designed, and the form of the synchronisation controller is determined, so that the exponential synchronisation is realised between the time-delay spatiotemporal network and the target system. In simulation, Fisher–Kolmogorov system is further selected as the network node to verify the rationality of synchronisation scheme. This technology fully considers the effect of time delay on network synchronisation performance, making the synchronisation scheme more practical. In addition, exponential synchronisation technology can effectively adjust the rate of network synchronisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excitation mechanisms using intense lasers are described as being either a multiphoton or tunneling process, based on whether the Keldysh parameter γ is greater than or less than unity. However, the lack of intrinsic connection between these two excitation mechanisms fetters the cognizance of dynamics in strong field ionization under typical experimental conditions. In this paper, quantum tunneling and the multiphoton process are connected by an intuitive picture of wavepacket interference. In this view, the transition from multiphoton resonance to tunneling is recognized as a decoherence process of tunneling electrons. We reveal this decoherence in crystals and gases when the Keldysh parameter decreases. In this process, the characteristics of driving fields, frequent scattering in crystals and localization play an important role. Moreover, once this understanding of multiphoton resonance is obtained, additional means are provided for coherent control in electron excitations. We find that the interference of tunneling electrons leads to novel performances of the transition rate in subcycles, and provides a theoretical method of attosecond-resolved quantum interference control. Our work opens up a new prospect of electron ultrafast control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the problem of finite-time synchronisation of uncertain delay spatiotemporal networks via unidirectional coupling technology is investigated. Based on Lyapunov theorem and finite-time stability theory, an effective finite-time synchronisation scheme is designed to achieve finite-time synchronisation between uncertain delay spatiotemporal networks, and adaptive estimations of coupling coefficient, unknown parameter and uncertain network topology are realised. Then, the Fisher–Kolmogorov spatiotemporal model is used as the state equation of the network node for numerical simulation. The simulation results show that the finite-time synchronisation scheme is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel synchronization technique to investigate the projective synchronization of a class of uncertain network. First, the sliding mode control technique is modified. Then, the sliding surface between each node of the network and the synchronization target and the control input of the network are designed, and the uncertain parameter in the network can be effectively identified using the identification law of the uncertain parameter. In the end, a numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the synchronization technique proposed in our work. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose a new technology to synchronize the uncertain dynamical network with the switching topology. In this new technology, we construct the Lyapunov function of network through designing a special function to obtain the network synchronization condition, which effectively avoids the complicated calculations for solving the second largest eigenvalue of the coupling matrix of the dynamical network. At the same time, the uncertain parameters in state equations at network nodes can also be identified accurately by the designed identification laws of uncertain parameters. Our results are universal without assumption about the symmetry of the coupling matrix in network, which can be widely used to research various topologies, no matter whether they are undirected or directed, weighted or unweighted, time-invariant or switching. And there are not any limitations for the synchronization target of network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a novel sliding mode control technique for synchronization transmission of information in a small-world neuronal network with uncertainty. First, we introduce the structure of small-world neuronal network. Then, we modified the sliding mode control technique to make it suitable for network synchronization. The control input of the small-world neuronal network and the adaptive law of the uncertain configuration coefficient can be effectively determined by using this modified technique. Finally, we compare our analytic results with numerical simulations through a few examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the signal synchronization transmission among uncertain discrete networks with different nodes based on Lyapunov theorem. A novel synchronization technique and an identification law of adjustment parameter are designed. In order to testify the effectiveness of synchronization technique, laser phase-conjugate wave, Gibbs electro-optical system and Bragg acousto-optical system are taken as the nodes of the complex networks to make a simulation. It shows the synchronization technique can be applied to any network connected arbitrarily, and the network number and the number of network nodes can be selected freely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatiotemporal chaos synchronization between uncertain complex networks with diverse structures is investigated. The identification law of unknown parameters and the adaptive law of the configuration matrix element in state equations of network nodes are determined based on stability theory, and the conditions of realizing spatiotemporal chaos synchronization between uncertain complex networks with different structures are discussed and obtained. Further, the Fisher-Kolmogorov system with spatiotemporal chaotic behavior is taken as the nodes of drive and response networks to imitate the experiment. It is found that the synchronization performance between two networks is very stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spatiotemporal chaos synchronization among complex networks with diverse structures is investigated. The spatiotemporal chaos systems are taken as the nodes of networks and constructed as some networks with diverse structures. The conditions of global synchronization among networks and the coupling function to be determined among diverse networks are discussed and confirmed based on stability theory. The Burgers equation with many practice physics processes, such as turbulent flow and heat-transfer, is adopted for example to imitate the experiment. It is found that the synchronization performance among all networks is very stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatiotemporal chaotic systems are taken as nodes to constitute the small-world delayed network with uncertainty, and projective synchronization of the network is researched. The control input of the network and the adaptive law of adjustment parameters are designed based on Lyapunov theorem. Concretely, the Burgers systems with spatiotemporal chaotic behavior in physics domain are taken as nodes to constitute the complex network, and the Fisher-Kolmogorov system is taken as the target system. The simulation results show that the synchronization performance of the network is very stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method of chaos synchronization and parameter identification is proposed in the paper. The synchronization controller and the parameter recognizer are designed. Two coupled map lattices with different structures are taken as examples to verify the effectiveness of the method. Simulation results show that the identification variables in the parameter recognizer can substitute for the unknown parameters in both target and response systems. Then global synchronization of the two uncertain coupled map lattices can be realized after the designed controller is added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the outer synchronization between uncertain networks is investigated using the backstepping design. The adaptive laws of uncertain parameters and the structure of control input in the node of response network are determined based on the stability theory. The outer synchronization between networks can be realized only by putting a control input on one node of response network. Further, the effect of the synchronization principle is verified through a simulation experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Projective synchronization of a class of complex networks is investigated using second-order sliding mode control. The sliding surface and the control input are designed based on stability theory. The Burgers system with spatiotemporal chaotic behavior in the physics domain is taken as nodes to constitute the complex network, and the Fisher-Kolmogorov system is taken as the tracking target. The artificial simulation results show that the synchronization technique is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sliding mode control method is used to study spatiotemporal chaos synchronization of an uncertain network. The method is extended from synchronization between two chaotic systems to the synchronization of complex network composed of N spatiotemporal chaotic systems. The sliding surface of the network and the control input are designed. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the method is analysed based on the stability theory. The Burgers equation with spatiotemporal chaos behavior is taken as an example to simulate the experiment. It is found that the synchronization performance of the network is very stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatiotemporal chaos tracking synchronization of a class of complex network is studied. The structure of the coupling functions between connected nodes of the network and the range of the linear coefficient of separated configuration in the state equation of the node are obtained based on the extended Milosavljevic control law. Each node of the network is a unilateral coupled map lattice in which a square map with an exponential term constructed by extending the logistic map is taken as the local function, and simulation results show the effectiveness of the tracking synchronization principle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GaNs grown by hydride vapor phase epitaxy (HVPE) were irradiated by protons with different fluences. The changes of surface topography of as-grown and irradiated samples were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystal quality and optical properties of GaN films were examined by the variations of the micro-Raman and photoluminescence (PL) spectra with proton fluence. It was observed that the surface became a little more rough after irradiation. The Raman spectra indicated that the strain of materials and carrier concentration were not affected by the proton injection. The full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of E phonon mode narrowed, which was consistent with the FWHM of PL near-band-edge emission (BE). The spectra of yellow luminescence and blue luminescence normalized to the intensity of BE demonstrated a little increase of Ga vacancy and a large decrease of O, which may be the main reason for the change of optical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on the growth of the high-quality GaN grain on a r-plane sapphire substrate by using a self-organized SiN interlayer as a selective growth mask. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are used to reveal the effect of SiN on the overgrown a-plane GaN growth. The SiN layer effectively terminates the propagation of the threading dislocation and basal plane stacking faults during a-plane GaN regrowth through the interlayer, resulting in the window region shrinking from a rectangle to a "black hole". Furthermore, strong yellow luminescence (YL) in the nonpolar plane and very weak YL in the semipolar plane on the GaN grain is revealed by cathodoluminescence, suggesting that C-involved defects are responsible for the YL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) were exposed to 1 MeV neutron irradiation at a neutron fluence of 1 ×1015 cm-2. The dc characteristics of the devices, such as the drain saturation current and the maximum transconductance, decreased after neutron irradiation. The gate leakage currents increased obviously after neutron irradiation. However, the rf characteristics, such as the cut-off frequency and the maximum frequency, were hardly affected by neutron irradiation. The AlGaN/GaN heterojunctions have been employed for the better understanding of the degradation mechanism. It is shown in the Hall measurements and capacitance-voltage tests that the mobility and concentration of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) decreased after neutron irradiation. There was no evidence of the full-width at half-maximum of X-ray diffraction (XRD) rocking curve changing after irradiation, so the dislocation was not influenced by neutron irradiation. It is concluded that the point defects induced in AlGaN and GaN by neutron irradiation are the dominant mechanisms responsible for performance degradations of AlGaN/GaN HEMT devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) with atomic layer deposited (ALD) NbAlO gate dielectric were investigated using 3 MeV proton irradiation at a fluence of 10 p/cm. It was found that the proton irradiation damage caused degradation in DC performance and a flatband voltage shift in the capacitance-voltage curve. Gate-drain conductance measurements indicated that new traps were introduced in GaN from the irradiation, and the trap densities increased from 1.18×10 cm·eV to 1.82×10 cm·eV-1 in MIS-HEMTs after irradiation. However, these increases in trap densities caused by irradiation in MIS-HEMT are less than those in HEMT, which can be attributed to the protection of the AlGaN surface by the NbAlO dielectric layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization and parameter identification of a unidirectional star-network constructed by discrete spatiotemporal chaos systems with unknown parameters are studied. The synchronization principle of the network and design method of parameter recognition law are introduced. The function to be determined in the parameter recognition law and the range of adjusting parameter are obtained based on Lyapunov stability theory. Not only global synchronization of the network is realized, but also the unknown parameters in spatiotemporal chaos systems at the nodes of the network are identified. Discrete laser spatiotemporal chaos model is taken as each node of the network, and simulation results show the effectiveness of the synchronization principle and parameter recognition law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we systematically study the positive gate leakage current in AlGaN/GaN metal-oxide-semiconductor high electron-mobility transistors (MOS-HEMTs) with HfO dielectric using atomic layer deposition (ALD). We observe that the incorporated nitrogen ions will improve the positive gate leakage current of devices obviously, but do not change the reverse gate leakage current. The passivation mechanism of nitrogen ions in oxygen vacancies in HfO is studied by first-principles calculations. It is shown that the gap states of HfO caused by oxygen vacancies increase the positive gate leakage current of MOS-HEMTs. Nitrogen ions passivate the gap states of HfO and decrease the positive gate leakage current but do not effect the reverse gate leakage current. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

VP15R protein, encoded by the 15th open reading frame of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), was identified. VP15R is a 263-residue protein that is first transcribed within 12 h post-infection. The VP15R mRNA is transcribed beginning at ISKNV genomic coordinate 12111, extending 167 bp upstream of the initiation codon. No signal peptides, transmembrane fragments, or nuclear localization signal sequences were predicted in the VP15R sequence. The 102-202 sequence of VP15R is homologous to the 1153-1253 sequence of the filamin C protein of Danio rerio (zebrafish), with an identity of 29%. Immunofluorescence and VP15R-GFP fusion protein subcellular localization assays showed that VP15R is localized in the cytoplasm. Pull-down and MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS assays demonstrated that VP15R can bind to the non-muscle myosin II (NM II) protein. Co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed that VP15R can bind to the heavy chains of the NM II protein of mandarin fish, mice, and humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zero-asymptotic property of sliding variables in discrete systems is extended to a continuous one and applied to partial differential equations which describe spatiotemporal chaos. A method of chaos synchronization and parameter identification is proposed. The synchronization controllers and the parameter recognizers are designed. The uncertain Gray-Scott system is taken as an example to verify the effectiveness of the method. Simulation results show that the identification variables in the parameter recognizers may take the place of the unknown parameters in both target and response systems. Global synchronization of the two spatiotemporal chaotic systems with uncertain parameters may be realized quickly after controllers are added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronization of N different coupled chaotic systems with ring and chain connections is investigated. The New system, the Chen system, the Lü system, the Lorenz system, and the Rössler system are used as examples in verifying effectiveness of the method. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, the form of the controller is designed and the area of the coupling coefficients is determined. Simulations indicate that global synchronization of the N different chaotic systems can be realized by choosing appropriate coupling coefficients by using the controller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A controller is designed to realize the synchronization between chaotic systems with different orders. The structure of the controller, the error equations and the Lyapunov functions are determined based on stability theory. Hyperchaotic Chen system and Rossler system are taken for example to demonstrate the method to be effective and feasible. Simulation results show that all the state variables of Rossler system can be synchronized with those of hyperchaotic Chen system by using only one controller, and the error signals approach zero smoothly and quickly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum systems can display the quantum chaos characteristics under non-rotating wave approximation. Because of the complex multi-body effect, the inevitability of coupling with the environment and the existence of uncertainty relation, some parameters in quantum system are often uncertain. In order to determine the properties of quantum system, we need to accurately measure any parameters in the system. In this work, we first analyse the characteristics of quantum bits interacting with a single-mode radiation field. On this basis, we design a unique technique to accurately measure the uncertain parameter in the quantum bits. Finally, we complete the synchronization transmission of signal in quantum bits based on the sliding mode control technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]