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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with diverse biological actions. Type I PACAP receptors (PACAPR) are specific for PACAP, whereas type II and III PACAPRs are less restricted. To localize and analyse the variation of this gene, a 559-bp long intronic fragment of the porcine PACAPR gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced in samples from five different pig breeds. One single nucleotide polymorphism was identified and its allele frequency was determined in all five breeds. Linkage analysis in a Berkshire × Yorkshire reference family placed the PACAPR gene on chromosome 18, between SW787 and S0062 ( SW787– 8.1 cM – PACAPR– 3.0 cM – S0062). Radiation hybrid mapping confirmed that the PACAPR gene was linked to SW1682 on chromosome 18 (28.8 cR3000; LOD = 10.4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fascin 3 (FSCN3)is a testis-specific actin-bundling protein involved in spermatid development. Here we describe the molecular characterisation of the porcine FSCN3 gene. The 1,800-bp cDNA sequence contains a 1,497-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 498 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 56.2 kDa and an isoelectric point of 6.82. The porcine FSCN3 protein shares high identity with other mammalian FSCN3. The FSCN3 gene contains seven exons, spans approximately 9 kb, and maps to pig chromosome 18. We also identified 24 DNA polymorphisms. Copyright © 2006 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

More than 5500 pig single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were recently identified and deposited in the public domain. To test the usefulness of these public SNPs, 109 SNPs were analysed for polymorphism within six commercial pig populations. A functional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was obtained for 103 SNPs and it was possible to validate c. 59% by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Furthermore, polymorphism was found using a relatively limited number of genomic DNA samples, indicating that these polymorphisms are segregating at a useful frequency in these populations. The high percentage of validated markers demonstrates the utility of these public pig SNPs to identify loci responsible for economically important traits in commercial pig populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We propose the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) instead of polymorphic microsatellite markers for individual identification and parentage control in cattle. To this end, we present an initial set of 37 SNP markers together with a gender-specific SNP for identity control and parentage testing in the Holstein, Fleckvieh and Braunvieh breeds. To obtain suitable SNPs, a total of 91.13 kb of random genomic DNA was screened yielding 531 SNPs. These, and 43 previously identified SNPs, were subjected to the following selection criteria: (1) the frequency of the minor allele must be larger than 0.1 in at least two of the three examined breeds, and (2) markers should not be linked closely. Allele frequencies were estimated by analysing sequencing traces of pooled DNA or by genotyping individual DNA samples. The selected SNP loci were physically mapped by radiation hybrid mapping or by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and tested against the neutral mutation hypothesis. The presented marker set theoretically allows probabilities of identity less than 10−13 for individual verification and exclusion powers exceeding 99.99% for parentage testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the construction and characterization of a bovine genomic large-insert bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library from leukocytes of a Holstein-Friesian male. Characterization of clones by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Use of a subset of BAC clones for the development of sequence tagged site; Chromosomal assignments of bovine BAC clones.

Four and a half LIM domain protein 1 (FHL1) was initially described as an abundant skeletal muscle protein with four LIM domains and a GATA like zinc finger. FHL1 was shown to be expressed in skeletal muscle as well as in a variety of other tissues. Recently, alternatively spliced FHL1 mRNAs were identified coding for C-terminal truncated proteins. The tissue distribution of these variants is more restricted and their functional properties seem to be different. We have isolated and characterized a new variant of FHL1 from porcine skeletal muscle (FHL1C). FHL1C is characterized by a newly identified start codon resulting in a 16 amino acids longer N- terminal region. We have isolated and characterized the porcine FHL1C gene spanning approximately 14 kb and harboring six exons. Using primer extension analysis, the transcription start site of FHL1C was mapped, indicating that FHL1C is regulated by an alternative promoter. The tissue distribution of FHL1C expression was studied by RT-PCR. The porcine FHL1C gene was assigned to the distal part of the long arm of the X chromosome by fluorescence in situ hybridization and screening of a somatic porcine/rodent cell hybrid panel. Copyright © 2000 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sudies the mapping of bovine AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma 1 gene to 5q21-q22. Chromosomal mapping; Role of the AMPK complex in protecting cells from ATP depletion.

The article discusses a study which compares the gene map of pig chromosome 6q11-21 and human 19q13. As predicted, the gene order of the samples would be PRKD2-FUT2-SULT2A1-HIF3A-GIPR-MAP3K10-CYP2A6- HNRPUL1-SUPTH5. It concludes that the gene order for pig 6q11-21 and human 19q13 regions were collinear but in opposite direction and with rearrangements into three main segments (S1, S2 and S3). The segment S1 was inverted between the two species. Additional was location human PRKD2 and pig PRKD2.

Discusses the conformation of the mapping of the porcine calumenin gene (CALU) to chromosome 18. Description of calumenin, a calcium-binding protein; Radiation hybrid mapping; Prime sequence.

Discusses a research about the mapping of CYP11B and a putative CYHR1 paralogous gene to bovine chromosome 14 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Suggestion that the product of the CYP11B gene catalyzes the final steps of glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid production; Claim that this assigned region corresponds to the telomeric

This article reports the localization of the porcine HOXA10 gene to chromosome SSC18q23-q24 by FISH and confirm the position by the use of hybrid panels. PCR amplification to generate a probe for screening of a porcine PAC library was done with primers A. FISH was performed. Statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation of 1.0 between the HOXA10 gene and SSC 18. Within SSC18, chromosome region q13 -q21 indicated the highest probability. The most significantly linked marker is S0120 on SSC18.

Studies the physical mapping of the interleukin-7 receptor gene to bovine chromosome. Study design; Prime sequence; Chromosomal assignment.