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Introduction: While technology continues to evolve and the prevalence of screen-based activities is rising, limited studies have investigated the effect of various types of screen time on youth behavioural problems. Further, the influence of mindfulness intervention programs on behavioural problems beyond hyperactivity is largely understudied. Objectives: This study aims to address a research gap by examining the associations between four types of screen time and hyperactivity and conduct problems among community youth during the pandemic. The current study also aimed to investigate the efficacy of a mindfulness-based intervention in reducing hyperactivity and conduct problems. Methods: Community youth aged 12-25 from Ontario, Canada, were recruited between April 2021 and April 2022 (n=117, mean age=16.82, male=22%, non-White=21%). The Mindfulness Ambassador Program, a structured, 12-week, evidence-based intervention program, was offered live, online and led by two MAP-certified facilitators. We conducted linear regression analyses using pre-intervention data to examine the unique association between the four types of screen time and behavioural problems (hyperactivity and conduct problems). The efficacy of the MAP on adolescent hyperactivity and conduct problems was examined considering the three survey time points (pre-, post-, and follow-up) using a series of linear regression models utilizing the Generalized Least Squares (GLS) Maximum Likelihood (ML), unstructured model. Results: The average score for conduct problems was classified within the normal range, while the average score for hyperactivity was considered borderline at baseline. More than 5 hours of playing video games were significantly associated with increased conduct problems [β= -1.75, 95% CI=-0.20 – 3.30, p=0.03]. Accounting for age, sex, baseline mental health status, and screen time, the mindfulness intervention program significantly contributed to decreased hyperactivity at post-intervention compared to the baseline [β=-0.49, 95% CI=-0.91 to -0.08, p=0.02]. It was maintained at follow-up [β=-0.64, 95% CI=-1.26 to -0.03, p=0.04]. Conclusions: Our findings suggest an adverse impact of excessive video gaming on behavioural problems among community youth and confirm that the trend remains the same. Considering the simplicity, brevity, non-invasive nature and other mental health benefits of the mindfulness intervention, we argue that the results are promising and worthy of further study and larger-scale implementation. Clinicians, parents, and educators should work collaboratively to provide developmentally appropriate strategies to moderate screen time spent on video games among youth. Disclosure of Interest: None Declared [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanofluid potential in a rectangular natural circulation loop has been carried out through numerical investigation. A rectangular loop of dimension 110 cm length, 100 cm width in which 90 cm length of the heating and cooling sections is considered, respectively. The loop is filled with water-based CuO nanofluid with volumetric concentrations 1%, 2%, and 3%. Firstly, the validation of experimental results available in the literature is validated using the present numerical model. The potential of CuO nanofluids is utilized subjected to various inlet boundary conditions temperature and mass flow rate of cold and hot working fluids. The results show that CuO nanofluid can enhance the fluid flow and thermal performance of the loop. It is observed that heat transfer enhancement diminished with vol 3% because of dominating buoyancy forces. The study found that enhancement in heat transfer 5.33% and mass flow rate of 21.29% for CuO vol 2% nanofluid than water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The role of serotonin (5‐HT) in human aggression has been the subject of a large number of studies, mostly with adults. Meta‐analyses indicate a small but significant inverse relationship between central nervous 5‐HT availability and aggression, but genetically informed studies suggest two pathways: one to reactive aggression and the other to proactive aggression. Method: We conducted a systemic review on central nervous 5‐HT function in children and adolescents, with attention to the function of aggression. Results: In total, 675 articles were screened for relevance, with 45 reviewed. These included blood assays (e.g. plasma, 5‐HIAA; platelet 5‐HTR2A), epigenetic studies, retrospective PET studies and 5‐HT challenge paradigms (e.g. tryptophan depletion). Overall, findings were mixed, with support both for negative and for positive associations of central nervous 5‐HT function with aggression in children and adolescents. Conclusion: We propose factors that may be blurring the picture, including problems in the conceptualization and measurement of aggression in young people, the lack of prospective designs and the bias towards clinical samples of boys. Research needs to account for variance in the both motivation for and implementation of aggression, and look to the behavioural economics literature to consider the roles of reward, vengeance and self‐control more clearly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]