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Introduction: Personal, community, and environmental factors can influence the attraction and retention of regional, rural, and remote health workers. However, the concept of place attachment needs further attention as a factor affecting the sustainability of the rural health workforce. Objective: The purpose of this rapid review was to explore the influence of a sense of place in attracting and retaining health professionals in rural and remote areas. Design: A systematic rapid review was conducted based on an empirical model using four dimensions: place dependence, place identity, social bonding and nature bonding. English‐language publications between 2011 and 2021 were sought from academic databases, including studies relevant to Australian health professionals. Findings: A total of 348 articles were screened and 52 included in the review. Place attachment factors varied across disciplines and included (a) intrinsic place‐based personal factors; (b) learning experiences enhancing self‐efficacy and rural health work interest; (c) relational, social and community integration; and (d) connection to place with lifestyle aspirations. Discussion: This rapid review provides insight into the role of relational connections in building a health workforce and suggests that community factors are important in building attachment through social bonding and place identity. Results indicate that future health workforce research should focus on career decision‐making and psychological appraisals including place attachment. Conclusion: An attachment to place might develop through placement experiences or from a strong rural upbringing. The importance of the relational interactions within a work community and the broader community is seen as an important factor in attracting, recruiting, and sustaining a rural health workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess national practices of surgeons who treat breast cancer in order to identify opportunities to improve patient education. Methods: In June 2012, the membership of the American Society of Breast Surgeons (ASBrS) ( n = 2,818) was surveyed via email questionnaire to evaluate their current practice of shared decision making and informed consent for breast cancer patients. Results: A total of 737 members (26 %) responded, including 384 breast surgeons and 306 general surgeons, 13 midlevel providers, and 25 other specialists. It was found that 90 % of surgeons spent more than 30 min meeting with a new cancer patient, and of these, 30 % spent more than an hour. Surgeons who spent more than 1 h face-to-face with a new cancer patient reported higher levels of overall patient knowledge compared with those who spent less (mean = 3.80 vs. 3.64 of 5; p = 0.001). Also, 89 % of respondents reported using educational tools, of whom more than 90 % used written tools. In addition, 65 % of members stated an interest in a free online educational tool if available and indicated a preference for a flexible tool that could be used by the patient alone or with a nurse. Conclusions: While practice patterns may vary, our results reveal that one-third of surgeons spend at least 1 h in consultation with a new breast cancer patient. More time spent translated to a higher perceived patient understanding of their disease and treatment options. Although the majority of surgeons currently use written materials, there was clear support for a free online educational tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Society of Surgical Oncology (SSO)-approved fellowships in Breast Oncology began training fellows in 2004. Here we ascertain methods of evaluating and improving the fellowship experience through fellowship alumni experience. Methods: We conducted an electronic survey of fellowship graduates to learn perceived successes and weaknesses of their fellowship training, as well as their current practice experiences. Our electronic survey focused on their preparedness for practice, their job opportunities, and their use of image-guided biopsies in practice. Results: Between 2005 and 2009, 142 fellows graduated and received our survey; 85 (60%) responded. Although 98% of graduates though that they were well prepared by their fellowship for performing breast cancer surgery, fewer thought that they were well prepared to perform oncoplastic techniques (53%), ultrasound (39%), and ultrasound-guided biopsies (28%). Nevertheless, many acquired additional training, and 63% were performing ultrasound-guided biopsies in practice. The majority (76%) were performing breast surgery exclusively, with 14% identifying themselves as director of a breast center and only 29% describing themselves as being in private practice-the rest being employed at a hospital or university. Only 8% of respondents were disappointed with the job market, and 67% stated they had received at least three job offers; 82% were satisfied in their current job. Conclusions: SSO breast oncology fellowships appear to be training confident, well-prepared graduates with good job outlooks, and many are achieving leadership positions. Deficiencies in sonography training, some advanced surgical techniques, and administrative experiences should be addressed by program directors as graduates do perceive the need for such training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Library and information management (LIM) organisations are on an almost continual path of change driven by changes in technology, service models, staffing structures, and financial allocations. The way in which LIM organisations approach change varies, as does the success rate of change management procedures undertaken. One particular approach to change management is Appreciative Inquiry (AI). AI has been gaining in popularity since its inception over two decades ago. This technique seeks to identify what works with individuals, teams, or whole organisations and then build on those elements, a digression from the common approach of looking for a problem that needs to be fixed. This paper explores the Al technique and its potential for application by LIM organisations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of breast-specific gamma imaging (BSGI) using a high-resolution breast-specific gamma camera and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with indeterminate breast findings. Twenty-three women with an indeterminate breast finding that required BSGI and MRI as deemed necessary by the interpreting radiologist or referring physician were included. MRI was performed on a GE 1.5T scanner and BSGI was performed on a Dilon high-resolution breast-specific gamma camera. All imaging findings were correlated with pathologic diagnosis. Thirty-three indeterminate lesions were evaluated in the study. There were a total of nine pathologically confirmed cancers. There was no statistically significant difference in sensitivity of cancer detection between BSGI and MRI. BSGI demonstrated a greater specificity than MRI, 71% and 25%, respectively. BSGI has equal sensitivity and greater specificity than MRI for the detection of breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Libraries and other information agencies have highly developed systems, skills, and techniques for delivering information to users. There is, nevertheless, a need to improve the delivery systems and discusses the means by which web-based systems in particular can be evaluated. The authors review systems evaluation in recent LIS literature and identify some of the common measures and methodologies employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The techniques for intraoperative evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) vary. The most common methods include frozen section, imprint cytology/touch preparation cytology, and scrape cytology (SC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there is concordance between the intraoperative SC and the final pathology of SLNs in patients with breast cancer. From October 2001 to June 2005, sentinel lymph node biopsies were attempted in 181 patients with breast cancer using a combination of blue dye and radioisotope. A lymph node was considered an SLN when it was stained with blue dye, had a blue lymphatic afferent, had increased radioactivity, or was abnormal by palpation. SLNs were successfully identified in 180 patients, for an identification rate of 99.4%. Forty-five patients had positive SLNs. In 16 (35%) of those patients, the SLNs were negative intraoperatively by SC. All of the false negatives occurred in SLNs with micrometastases. Thus, SC is an excellent method for identifying macrometastases intraoperatively, but less successful for micrometastases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]