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Purpose: Customer value co-creation behavior is promising but undertheorized. To bridge this gap, this study examines the viability of a social cognitive theory positing that customers' value co-creation behavior is shaped by their co-creation experience, self-efficacy, and engagement. Design/methodology/approach: Using healthcare as a case, a stratified random sample comprising 600 patients from 40 hospitals across eight metropolitan cities in an emerging economy was acquired and analyzed using co-variance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM). Findings: Customers' co-creation experience has a positive impact on their co-creation self-efficacy, co-creation engagement, and value co-creation behavior. While co-creation self-efficacy and engagement have no direct influence on value co-creation behavior, they do serve as mediators between co-creation experience and value co-creation behavior, suggesting that when customers are provided with a co-creation experience, it enhances their co-creation self-efficacy and engagement, ultimately fostering value co-creation behavior. Originality/value: A theory of customer value co-creation behavior is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chiral and conductive hydrometallogel was synthesized using dynamic boronic acid-cis diol chemistry. A novel tris-boronic acid-functionalized C3-symmetric gelator (MB) was obtained from a trimesic acid derivative, which upon deprotonation (MOH, M = Li, Na, K, and Cs), followed by addition of D -(+)-glucose, triggered hydrometallogel formation. Gel formation was highly selective to D -(+)-glucose among all the screened sugars. To the best of our knowledge, D -(+)-glucose-triggered hydrometallogel formation using a C3-symmetric tris-boronic acid-derived gelator has not been reported. D -(+)-Glucose-triggered gelation was comprehensively investigated using FTIR spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, circular dichroism, FESEM, 1H NMR spectroscopy, ESI-mass spectrometry, rheology and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. A reasonably high yield stress (6000 Pa) value was achieved for 5 wt% gel, supporting the observation of the interesting mechanical properties and robust nature of gels. Moreover, impedance spectroscopic study revealed an appreciable conductance value of 2.67 × 10−2 S cm−1, which could be further improved to 8.90 × 10−2 S cm−1 by adding excess LiOH into the gel matrix without compromising its metallogel structural integrity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The rich tapestry of student politics and movements in Bangladesh is marked by a history of significant contributions to the country's sociopolitical landscape. This study was prompted by a keen interest in exploring the dynamics of contemporary student movements at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University (BSMRSTU), Gopalganj, and their interplay with the broader sociopolitical climate of Bangladesh. A critical examination of these movements reveals a complex web of motivations, strategies, and outcomes that both mirror and influence national sociopolitical dialogues. Methods: Employing qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews (IDI) with 26 individuals directly affected by the culture and mechanics of these movements, this study uncovers the nuanced ways in which student activism at BSMRSTU mobilizes cultural ideologies toward societal change. Purposive and snowball sampling techniques were utilized to select participants, revealing that the rhetoric of movements--framed around justice, rights, equality, and reform--plays a crucial role in recruiting and energizing participants. Results: However, this investigation also highlights a darker facet of these movements: the destructive consequences of specific actions, such as property damage, which not only impact the immediate community but also fuel further unrest. The prevalence of movements centered on themes of injustice underscores the urgent need for both governmental and academic institutions to engage more constructively with student concerns. Addressing this gap requires a nuanced understanding of the motivations behind student movements and a commitment to implementing policies that nurture a culture of dialogue and reform. Conclusion: This study, therefore, problematizes the contemporary student movements at BSMRSTU by questioning the balance between activism and the potential for unintended consequences, urging a reevaluation of how such movements are perceived and managed in the context of Bangladesh's evolving sociopolitical milieu. For harmful movement culture in academia to be prevented, government and university authorities must take student movements seriously and implement policies and strong norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological growth in thermal science found that the awareness of solar thermal energy improved widely in various applications and spotted issues on conventional flat plate solar collectors operating with water fluid: lower thermal efficiency, limited thermal performance during low sunlight, and unavoidable heat loss for extended plate surface. This research attempts to enhance the thermal performance of solar collectors modified with heat pipe solar absorber (HPSA) evaluated by 0.010, 0.015, and 0.02 volume fractions of CuO nanofluid at 18 Lpm. The effect of CuO on varied flow rate on temperature gain, heat transfer coefficient, and thermal efficiency of HPSA is experimentally studied, and its findings are compared with water fluid. The HPSA operates with 0.015 volume CuO nanofluid with a higher rate of flow, proving better thermal performance and offering a maximum temperature gain of 68 ºC with a better heat transfer coefficient of 81.5W/m2 K results enhanced thermal efficiency of 85.2%, which are higher than the water fluid operated HPSA system. An optimum operating parameter of HPSA is suggested for heat exchanger applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technology for storing heat energy with small amount of area has been proposed a challenge to the researchers over the past few decades. This would render highly useful for the thermal management system of electric vehicles. The PCM was used as an energy storage system in this work. It offers the chief advantage of higher storage density which is very much expected for both industrial and domestic needs, especially electric vehicles. In this work, the enhancement of specific heat capacity for the provided PCM was improved by embedding alumina nanoparticles into the storage medium. The addition of nanoparticles in the PCM resulted in the increase of heat absorption capacity, a 50% increase in charging time and a 25% reduction in discharging time of the PCM for the volume concentration of 0.833%. The increase of efficiency by 6% during charging and 4% during the discharging processes were observed as the effect of addition of alumina nanoparticle in the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the comparative effects of mainstream celebrities and social media influencers on consumer advocacy and relationship intentions. The study also examines the direct and serial mediation effects on those relationships. Design/methodology/approach: The survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 718 respondents throughout Malaysia, with convenience and snowball sampling techniques employed. The data were analyzed based on the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach through the AMOS version 24. The PROCESS MACRO v-4.20 was applied to evaluate mediating effects in the model. Findings: The results reveal that celebrity endorsers' involvement in social media significantly influences the uses of social media, which also impacts the attitudes and, subsequently, consumer relationship and advocacy intentions. The study found that mainstream celebrities and social media influencers effectively promote brands, and it discovered insignificant differences in their effects on the analyzed relationships. Research limitations/implications: This study has been conducted on consumers in Malaysia; it may have different effects on consumers in other countries. Practical implications: Brand managers and policymakers may benefit from following the study's guidelines for making consumer relationship and advocacy intentions by celebrity endorsers and uses of social media. Social implications: The brand community can benefit from tightening their social bondage by sharing and managing crucial information from celebrities and using social media. Originality/value: The study explores the effects of mainstream celebrities on consumer relationship and advocacy intentions using social media networks and managing consumer attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of a multi‐functional solar‐driven interfacial evaporation (SDIE) system remains a significant challenge for its large‐scale applications. By taking advantage of high surface area, excellent young's moduli, anchoring/coupling capability, large absorption surface, strong absorption in the broadband solar spectrum, and efficient photothermal conversion efficiencies of 2D emerging materials (Xenes, Mxenes, etc.), hybrid SDIEs are developed to increase the use of solar energy beyond water production. This work aims to offer a systematic review of the recent advancement in 2D emerging materials except for graphene and their significant role in hybrid SDIEs to stimulate both fundamental and applied research on utilizing the underutilized auxiliary energy sources for future integrated water, energy, and environmental systems. For this purpose, first, the most recent progress in 2D photothermal materials is discussed, mainly including emerging Xenes, MXenes, and TMDs‐inspired hybrid SDIEs. Second, structural optimization strategies and modulation of the intrinsic photothermal performances of 2D emerging materials are highlighted. Third, the cutting‐edge conceptual designs developed in many hybrid applications such as thermoelectricity, salt recovery, and hydrogen production are broadly presented. Lastly, the current challenges and perspectives of 2D emerging materials and their hybrid evaporation structures are also mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livestreaming has gained popularity as a new e-commerce platform, communication tool, social network, and source of entertainment for millions of users. It is important to examine the nature and history of this developing area of e-commerce since it has the potential to be exploited to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic's challenges. Therefore, this study critically explores the consumer livestreaming purchasing behavior and proposes a model, which composed of stimulus, organism, and response as the extension of stimuli-organism-organism model. The structural equation modeling approach applies for analyzing 434 survey responses from a convenience sample. The results suggest that the stimulus variable (source credibility, response capability, platform interactivity) significantly affects the organism variables (customer engagement, swift guanxi), which in turn significantly contribute to creating responses (purchase intentions, actual purchase behavior). Customer engagement and swift guanxi also have potent mediating effects in the model. We offer novel insights into new consumer behaviors in livestream commerce that can underpin future research to promote businesses and services even under challenging conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis and study of doped semiconducting nanomaterials have drawn great importance to researchers over the last few years. In the present study, we premeditated the structural, morphological and optical properties of gadolinium-doped zinc oxide (GZO) nanomaterials. The GZO powders were synthesized by modified solvothermal method by doping with Gd at 80 °C and characterized by XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis, SEM–EDX, TEM, SAED and HRTEM. The GZO with 5% doping of Gd exhibited maximum diffraction peak intensity. The XRD results exhibited that the crystallite size of Gd-doped ZnO nanomaterials was varied with Gd doping. The size of crystals first decreased then increased (50, 39 and 44 nm) with increasing the percentage of Gd from 5 to 15%, demonstrating the propensity of considerable grain growth in the nanomaterials due to doping of a high percentage of Gd. The morphology displayed by SEM and TEM micrographs is almost the same as irregular spherical shapes and small tiny particles on the surface of ZnO, which twisted into larger spherical ones with increasing Gd percentage. The optical band gap ranges from 2.87 to 2.93 eV with increasing the doping concentration of Gd, which reflects that the optical properties are affected by the doping of Gd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) attract many researchers in the field of photovoltaic because of their high‐power conversion efficiency and low‐cost manufacturing. However, improper interfacial charge transfer, perovskite degradation, and poor stability are major concerns for their commercialization and scale‐up. Significant efforts have been made in recent years mainly by employing different strategies such as optimizing fabrication, developing novel materials, use of additives, and an interfacial layer in PSCs. Nowadays, carbon materials are widely recognized as promising candidates for alternative usage in PSCs because of their cost effectiveness, high conductivity, appropriate work function (5.0 eV), and low‐temperature sintering process. In addition, the highly hydrophobic nature of the carbon‐based materials prevents moisture penetration into the perovskite layer, resulting in enhanced stability. This review shows how effectively carbon‐based materials can improve the performance of PSCs. First, the different carbon materials such as graphene and its derivatives, fullerenes and its derivatives, carbon quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes are described. Subsequently, the role of these carbon‐based materials employed in electron‐transport layers, hole‐transport layers, and perovskite layers in PSCs is discussed. Thus, this review highlights the recent advancements made in carbon‐based PSCs and their role in improving the performance of PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface passivation of organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHPs) is a crucial step to annihilate the surface defects and to control the deteriorated ion migration phenomenon. Here, we study the role of lead sulfate (PbSO4) as an effective passivator in OIHP single crystals (SCs). Using impedance spectroscopy, we evaluate the ion migration and electrical properties of lead sulfate-passivated methylammonium lead tri-bromide (MAPbBr3) SCs. We found that the low-frequency impedance response that is assigned to the ionic motion in the MAPbBr3 SC is strongly affected by the inorganic PbSO4 surface treatment. The activation energy corresponding to the ion migration of MAPbBr3 SC is increased from 0.28 to 0.36 eV after PbSO4 surface treatment. The temperature-dependent I–V hysteresis of the MAPbBr3 SCs upon PbSO4 passivation was also measured. We found that such PbSO4 surface treatment stabilizes the crystal surface and improves the hysteresis properties of the crystals at elevated temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have emerged as a potential candidate for third-generation thin film solar energy conversion systems because of their outstanding optoelectronic properties, cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and easy manufacturing process. The electron transport layer is one of the most essential components in DSSCs since it plays a crucial role in the device's greatest performance. Silver ions as a dopant have drawn attention in DSSC device applications because of their stability under ambient conditions, decreased charge recombination, increased efficient charge transfer, and optical, structural, and electrochemical properties. Because of these concepts, herein, we report the synthesis of pristine TiO2 using a novel green modified solvothermal simplistic method. Additionally, the prepared semiconductor nanomaterials, Ag-doped TiO2 with percentages of 1, 2, 3, and 4%, were used as photoanodes to enhance the device's performance. The obtained nanomaterials were characterized using XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, EDS, and UV–vis techniques. The average crystallite size for pristine TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 with percentages of 1, 2, 3, and 4% was found to be 13 nm by using the highest intensity peaks in the XRD spectra. The Ag-doped TiO2 nanomaterials exhibited excellent photovoltaic activity as compared to pristine TiO2. The incorporation of Ag could assist in successful charge transport and minimize the charge recombination process. The DSSCs showed a Jsc of 8.336 mA/cm2, a Voc of 698 mV, and an FF of 0.422 with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 2.45% at a Ag concentration of 4% under illumination of 100 mW/cm2 power with N719 dye, indicating an important improvement when compared to 2% Ag-doped (PCE of 0.97%) and pristine TiO2 (PCE of 0.62%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar evaporation is a facile and promising technology to efficiently utilize renewable energy for freshwater production and seawater desalination. Here, the fabrication of self‐regenerating hydrogel composed of 2D‐MXenes nanosheets embedded in perovskite La 0.6Sr 0.4Co 0.2Fe 0.8O3−δ (LSCF)/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels for efficient solar‐driven evaporation and seawater desalination is reported. The mixed dimensional LSCF/Ti3C2 composite features a localized surface plasmonic resonance effect in the polymeric network of polyvinyl alcohol endows excellent evaporation rates (1.98 kg m−2 h−1) under 1 k Wm−2 or one sun solar irradiation ascribed by hydrophilicity and broadband solar absorption (96%). Furthermore, the long‐term performance reveals smooth mass change (13.33 kg m−2) during 8 h under one sun. The composite hydrogel prompts the dilution of concentrated brines and redissolves it back to water (1.2 g NaCl/270 min) without impeding the evaporation rate without any salt‐accumulation. The present research offers a substantial opportunity for solar‐driven evaporation without any salt accumulation in real‐life applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although photodetection based on two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdWs) P—N heterojunction has attracted extensive attention recently, their low responsivity (R) due to the lack of carrier gain mechanism in reverse bias or zero bias operation hinders their applications in advanced photodetection area. Here, a black phosphorus/rhodamine 6G/molybdenum disulfide (BP/R6G/MoS2) photodiode with high responsivity at reverse bias or zero bias has been achieved by using interfacial charge transfer of R6G molecules assembled between heterojunction layers. The formed vdWs interface achieves high performance photoresponse by efficiently separating the additional photogenerated electrons and holes generated by R6G molecules. The devices sensitized by the dye molecule R6G exhibit enhanced photodetection performance without sacrificing the photoresponse speed. Among them, the R increased by 14.8–20.4 times, and the specific detectivity (D*) increased by 24.9–34.4 times. The strategy based on interlayer assembly of dye molecules proposed here may pave a new way for realizing high-performance photodetection based on 2D vdWs heterojunctions with high responsivity and fast response speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent development of pulsed fiber lasers was greatly promoted by their significant applications in various fields. Nanostructured materials show unique physicochemical properties that are different from their bulk counterparts and have attracted much interest due to their promising applications in many areas such as the generation of pulsed fiber lasers. Herein, preparation and pulsed fiber laser applications of emerging nanostructured materials are reviewed. First, preparation methods of the emerging nanostructured materials are summarized. In the following, common characterization techniques of the emerging nanostructured materials are introduced. Then, the state of the art applications of the nanostructured materials as saturable absorbers in pulsed fiber lasers are provided. Finally, a summary and outlook regarding preparation and pulsed fiber laser applications of emerging nanostructured materials are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of Zn2+ based hydrophobic coordination polymers (CPs) have been synthesized by varying methylene spacers length (m = 1 to m = 6) of aliphatic dicarboxylic acids followed by reaction with the zinc acetate by using hydrothermal method. The synthesized CPs were coated on the mild steel (MS) specimens to investigate the effect of methylene spacers length of dicarboxylic acids on hydrophobicity and corrosion behavior. The synthesized CPs and their coatings on MS have been characterized by various instrumental techniques such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), water contact angle (WCA) measurements. FTIR and PXRD measurements confirm the formation of CPs whereas the FE-SEM images of suberic acid polymer (SUAP) reveal compact distribution of sphere-like aggregates. WCA measurements showed that the bare MS including CPs coatings on MS up to methylene spacers length m = 4 is hydrophilic in nature; however, the coating of longest methylene spacers length CP (SUAP, m = 6) showed hydrophobic nature with water contact angle of ~ 108.6°. Furthermore, the obtained hydrophobic SUAP CP with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as binder was coated on MS to study its anticorrosion behavior for the protection of MS. The anticorrosion performance of the developed SUAP coating was investigated by open-circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. The corrosion rate has been calculated from potentiodynamic polarization curves for the bare MS and SUAP coated MS showed significant improvement in the anticorrosion behavior of the developed SUAP coating. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antibacterial, anticancer, and wound-healing effects of honey can vary according to the type, geographical region, honey bee species, and source of the flowers. Nanotechnology is an innovative and emerging field of science with an enormous potential role in medical, cosmetics, and industrial usages globally. Metal nanoparticles that derived from silver and range between 1 nm and 100 nm in size are called silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Much advanced research AgNPs has been conducted due to their potential antibacterial and anticancer activity, chemical stability, and ease of synthesis. The purpose of the present study was to explore the physicochemical properties of honey and the potential to use forest honey to synthesize AgNPs as well as to appraise the nanoparticles' antimicrobial and anticancer effects. Here, we used three different percentages of forest honey (20%, 40%, and 80%) as biogenic mediators to synthesize AgNPs at room temperature. The development of AgNPs was confirmed by color change (to the naked eye) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy studies, respectively. The absorbance peak obtained between 464 to 4720 nm validated both the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) band and the formation of AgNPs. Regarding the sugar profile, the contents of maltose and glucose were lower than the content of fructose. In addition, the results showed that the SPR band of AgNPs increased as the percentage of forest honey increased due to the elevation of the concentration of the bio-reducing agent. A bacterial growth kinetic assay indicated the strong antibacterial efficacy of honey with silver nanoparticles against each tested bacterial strain. Honey with nanotherapy was the most effective against hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) and colon cancer (HCT 116) cells, with IC50s of 23.9 and 27.4 µg/mL, respectively, while being less effective against breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7), with an IC50 of 32.5 µg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the growing demand for a renewable and sustainable fuel alternative is contingent on fuel cell technologies. Even though it is regarded as an environmentally sustainable method of generating fuel for immediate concerns, it must be enhanced to make it extraordinarily affordable, and environmentally sustainable. Hydrogen (H2) synthesis by electrochemical water splitting (ECWS) is considered one of the foremost potential prospective methods for renewable energy output and H2 society implementation. Existing massive H2 output is mostly reliant on the steaming reformation of carbon fuels that yield CO2 together with H2 and is a finite resource. ECWS is a viable, efficient, and contamination‐free method for H2 evolution. Consequently, developing reliable and cost‐effective technology for ECWS was a top priority for scientists around the globe. Utilizing renewable technologies to decrease total fuel utilization is crucial for H2 evolution. Capturing and transforming the fuel from the ambient through various renewable solutions for water splitting (WS) could effectively reduce the need for additional electricity. ECWS is among the foremost potential prospective methods for renewable energy output and the achievement of a H2‐based economy. For the overall water splitting (OWS), several transition‐metal‐based polyfunctional metal catalysts for both cathode and anode have been synthesized. Furthermore, the essential to the widespread adoption of such technology is the development of reduced‐price, super functional electrocatalysts to substitute those, depending on metals. Many metal‐premised electrocatalysts for both the anode and cathode have been designed for the WS process. The attributes of H2 and oxygen (O2) dynamics interactions on the electrodes of water electrolysis cells and the fundamental techniques for evaluating the achievement of electrocatalysts are outlined in this paper. Special emphasis is paid to their fabrication, electrocatalytic performance, durability, and measures for enhancing their efficiency. In addition, prospective ideas on metal‐based WS electrocatalysts based on existing problems are presented. It is anticipated that this review will offer a straight direction toward the engineering and construction of novel polyfunctional electrocatalysts encompassing superior efficiency in a suitable WS technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new benzothiazole-derived donor–acceptor-based compounds (Comp1–4) were synthesized and characterized with the objective of tuning their multifunctional properties, i.e., charge transport, electronic, and optical. All the proposed structural formulations (Comp1–4) were commensurate using FTIR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI-mass, UV–vis, and elemental analysis techniques. The effects of the electron-donating group (-CH3) and electron-withdrawing group (-NO2) on the optoelectronic and charge transfer properties were studied. The substituent effect on absorption was calculated at the TD-B3LYP/6-31+G** level in the gas and solvent phases. The effect of solvent polarity on the absorption spectra using various polar and nonpolar solvents, i.e., ethanol, acetone, DMF, and DMSO was investigated. Light was shed on the charge transport in benzothiazole compounds by calculating electron affinity, ionization potential, and reorganization energies. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were used to prepare thin films on the FTO substrate to evaluate the charge carrier mobility and other related device parameters with the help of I-V characteristic measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic semiconductors have gained substantial interest as active materials in electronic devices due to their advantages over conventional semiconductors. We first designed four Schiff base compounds, then the effect of electron donor/acceptor groups (methyl/nitro) was studied on the compounds' electronic and transport nature. The absorption spectra (λabs) were computed by time-dependent DFT at TD-B3LYP/6-31+G** level. The effect of different solvents (ethanol, DMF, DMSO, and acetone) was investigated on the λabs. The substitution of the -NO2 group to the furan moiety at the 5th position in Compound 3 leads to a red-shift in the absorption spectrum. A smaller hole reorganization energy value in Compound 3 would be beneficial to get the hole's intrinsic mobility. In contrast, a reduced-electron reorganization energy value of Compound 4 than hole may result in enhanced electron charge transfer capabilities. The reorganization energies of compounds 1 and 2 exposed balanced hole/electron transport probability. The optical, electronic, and charge transport properties at the molecular level indicate that Compound 3 is suitable for organic electronic device applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, healthcare has become one of the largest and most fast-paced industries due to the rapid development of digital healthcare technologies. The fundamental thing to enhance healthcare services is communicating and linking massive volumes of available healthcare data. However, the key challenge in reaching this ambitious goal is letting the information exchange across heterogeneous sources and methods as well as establishing efficient tools and techniques. Semantic Web (SW) technology can help to tackle these problems. They can enhance knowledge exchange, information management, data interoperability, and decision support in healthcare systems. They can also be utilized to create various e-healthcare systems that aid medical practitioners in making decisions and provide patients with crucial medical information and automated hospital services. This systematic literature review (SLR) on SW in healthcare systems aims to assess and critique previous findings while adhering to appropriate research procedures. We looked at 65 papers and came up with five themes: e-service, disease, information management, frontier technology, and regulatory conditions. In each thematic research area, we presented the contributions of previous literature. We emphasized the topic by responding to five specific research questions. We have finished the SLR study by identifying research gaps and establishing future research goals that will help to minimize the difficulty of adopting SW in healthcare systems and provide new approaches for SW-based medical systems' progress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low thermal conductivity is the major obstacle for the wide range utilization of phase change materials (PCMs), especially organic PCMs, for most practical applications in thermal engineering. This study investigates the potential of enhancing the charging and discharging rates of organic PCM (RT44HC) by introducing polyethylene glycol (PEG) and activated carbon macroparticles (ACMPs). Different concentrations of PEG and ACMPs ranging from 0.3 wt% to 2 wt% were tested separately. The optimized concentrations found were used as dual reinforcements to attain the highest possible thermal conductivity. The specimens were tested for a complete charging–discharging cycle using an improvised thermal apparatus. Use of ACMP alone resulted in a minimal reduction in complete charging–discharging time due to the settlement of ACMPs at the bottom after 2–3 heating–cooling cycles. However, the addition of PEG with ACMPs exhibited a reduction in charging–discharging time due to the formation of a stable dispersion. PEG served as a stabilizing agent for ACMPs. The lowest charging–discharging time of 180 min was exhibited by specimens containing 1 wt% PEG and 0.5 wt% ACMPs which is 25% lower compared to bare PCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid progress in the use of textile fabric materials in various industrial and domestic applications requires the inclusion of smart functions to achieve comfortable and safety properties to the end users. However, among these functions is the protection against harmful UV rays that cause harmful effects to human beings and textile materials. To this end, coatings for smart textile fabrics have to be incorporated into textile fabrics. Therefore, in this review, recent advances in the development of coatings for sustainable textile fabrics for UV protection will be reviewed. Hence, the precursors, the synthesis routes and the types of coatings for sustainable textile fabrics will be reviewed. Furthermore, the UV protection action of the coatings for the protection of textile fabrics will be covered and studied. Interestingly, the multifunctional effect of the treated coatings, such as the antibacterial properties of the developed textile fabrics, will be also studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social media (SM) is a popular and powerful tool used in the tourism industry to connect tourists with specific experiences. In this study, we explore the relationship between SM and revisit intention (RI), the formation of electronic word-of-mouth (e-WOM) networks, tourist satisfaction (TS), and ultimately, the development of the tourism sector (e.g., tourism development (TD)) based on the social learning theory. We used a structural equation model to identify direct and mediating relationships between variables. The model was based on perspectives provided by 395 individuals who had visited tourist destinations in Bangladesh. We confirmed that SM exerts a substantial direct and positive effect on TS, e-WOM, and TD, although we did not find an association between SM and RI. Likewise, e-WOM networks directly and positively impact RI, TS, and TD. RI, in turn, positively impacts TD, as TS also exerts a significant direct effect on RI and TD. TS and RI mediate the relationship between SM and TD, SM and RI, e-WOM and TD, as well as that of e-WOM and TD, TS and TD respectively. We were unable to identify a mediating role for TS in the relationship between e-WOM to RI, or for e-WOM in the SM and TS relationship. The relationships identified in this study are not merely of theoretical interest as relevant industry practitioners could use these insights to develop plans and guidelines for the use of SM networks to develop the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- Purpose of the study is to build an integrated model of tourist destination advocacy explaining how tourists' revisit intention is affected by its direct and mediating effects, integrated with destination experience, tourist satisfaction, and destination image. Design/methodology/approach -- Data is collected online using a self-administered structured questionnaire tool, and the survey is hosted in a Google Doc. SPSS and SEM-Amos are used to analyze the data (443 samples) after successful data cleaning and outlier elimination. Findings -- All of the hypotheses were shown to be true in this investigation, with the exception of two. The findings confirmed that tourists' destination experiences improve tourists' satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image but not destination revisit intention. The likelihood of revisit intention is significantly influenced by destination satisfaction and image. Furthermore, destination satisfaction, destination advocacy and destination image significantly mediate the link between destination experience and revisit intention. Originality/value -- This study contributes to the existing literature on consumer behavior in tourist destinations, and would guide practitioners towards effective destination management. Research limitations -- Due to the lack of control factors on the relationship between all predecessors, destination revisit intentions, and all of the data gathered from domestic visitors, the current study may have limited the applicability of its findings. Therefore, additional research is necessary to validate these results across a variety of samples in order to draw generalizations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Silymarin (SIL) has long been utilized to treat a variety of liver illnesses, but due to its poor water solubility and low membrane permeability, it has a low oral bioavailability, limiting its therapeutic potential. Aim: Design and evaluate hepatic-targeted delivery of safe biocompatible formulated SIL-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (SCNPs) to enhance SIL's anti-fibrotic effectiveness in rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. Methods: The SCNPs and chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique and are characterized by physicochemical parameters such as particle size, morphology, zeta potential, and in vitro release studies. The therapeutic efficacy of successfully formulated SCNPs and CNPs were subjected to in vivo evaluation studies. Rats were daily administered SIL, SCNPs, and CNPs orally for 30 days. Results: The in vivo study revealed that the synthesized SCNPs demonstrated a significant antifibrotic therapeutic action against CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rats when compared to treated groups of SIL and CNPs. SCNP-treated rats had a healthy body weight, with normal values for liver weight and liver index, as well as significant improvements in liver functions, inflammatory indicators, antioxidant pathway activation, and lipid peroxidation reduction. The antifibrotic activities of SCNPs were mediated by suppressing the expression of the main fibrosis mediators TGFβR1, COL3A1, and TGFβR2 by boosting the hepatic expression of protective miRNAs; miR-22, miR-29c, and miR-219a, respectively. The anti-fibrotic effects of SCNPs were supported by histopathology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) study. Conclusions: According to the above results, SCNPs might be the best suitable carrier to target liver cells in the treatment of liver fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field-effect transistors (FET) composed of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials have gained huge importance as biosensors due to their added advantage of high sensitivity and moderate bandgap. However, the true potential of these biosensors highly depends upon the quality of TMDC material, as well as the orientation of receptors on their surfaces. The uncontrolled orientation of receptors and screening issues due to crossing the Debye screening length while functionalizing TMDC materials is a big challenge in this field. To address these issues, we introduce a combination of high-quality monolayer WSe2 with our designed Pyrene-based receptor moiety for its ordered orientation onto the WSe2 FET biosensor. A monolayer WSe2 sheet is utilized to fabricate an ideal FET for biosensing applications, which is characterized via Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electrical prob station. Our construct can sensitively detect our target protein (streptavidin) with 1 pM limit of detection within a short span of 2 min, through a one-step functionalizing process. In addition to having this ultra-fast response and high sensitivity, our biosensor can be a reliable platform for point-of-care-based diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arsenic in water bodies has increased to toxic levels and become a major issue worldwide. Among various treatment methods, the removal of As from polluted water with low-cost and environmental-friendly sorbents such as biochar is considered a promising technique nowadays. In a recent experiment, the treatment of As-contaminated water using egg shell biochar was studied. Various parameters affecting the sorption, such as pH, contact time, sorbent dose, As(V) concentration and the effects of anions, were also examined. The results revealed that at a pH of 4.5, a maximum sorption of 6.3 mg g−1 was observed, and the As(V) removal was 96% with an As concentration of 0.6 mg L−1 and a sorbent dose of 0.9 g L−1. At a contact time of 2 h (120 min), a maximum sorption of 6.3 mg g−1 was noted with a removal percentage of 96%. The sorption of As(V) was obtained at an optimal sorbent dose of 0.9 g L−1. The SEM-EDS data illustrated that biochar consisted of a large number of active sites for As(V) adsorption, and As appeared on the biochar surface after the sorption experiments. Moreover, XPS analyses also confirmed the presence of As(V) on the biochar surface after treatment with As-contaminated water. In a nutshell, the results of this study demonstrate that egg shell biochar has notable efficiency in the removal of As(V) from aqueous solution and that egg shell biochar could be a cost-effective and environmental-friendly sorbent for the treatment of As(V)-contaminated water, specifically in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most often utilised electron transport layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Owing to its inherent limitations such as low electron mobility, inadmissible charge accumulation and recombination, many efforts have been devoted to the surface alteration of TiO2 to enhance the performance of PSCs. However, the key mechanism of this improvement is still unclear. Here, we study the mesoporous TiO2 (ms‐TiO2) ETL passivated by Nb2O5 and Ta2O5. The ETL modified PSCs show increased open‐circuit voltage (VOC). Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.70%, 20.71%, and 20.96% were obtained for the devices with ms‐TiO2, ms‐TiO2/Nb2O5 and ms‐TiO2/Ta2O5 ETL. Furthermore, the hysteresis index (HI) of pristine ms‐TiO2 (HI = 4.91%) based devices are much higher than the Nb2O5 (HI = 2.75%) and Ta2O5 (HI = 1.19%) based devices. Our characterization results reveal that the carrier recombination is the main factor in increasing the VOC rather than energy band alignment once we passivate the surface of the ETL. This work is helpful in providing new insights into the surface modification of the mesoscopic ETL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The small perturbation frequency‐resolved techniques have been powerful tools in unraveling the kinetic processes governing the operation of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). One such technique is electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). However, a thorough interpretation of the EIS response of PSCs is still lacking owing to the absence of a uniform electrical equivalent circuit. In this context, intensity‐modulated photocurrent/photovoltage spectroscopy (IMPS/IMVS) can be the link between the optical and electrical responses of PSCs and complement the IS technique. In this review, the progress made in interpreting the IMPS/IMVS response of various types of PSCs is summarized and diverse prospects are discussed. First, the basic theory and models present in the literature are discussed. Next, the IMPS/IMVS response of mesoporous and planar PSCs based on various physical parameters is discussed. At last, proposed future prospects for the development of this field are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work is focused on the fabrication of NiO-ZrO2/FTO and NiO-Y2O3/FTO thin films via a simple dip-coating method. The films are deposited from precursor solutions of Ni(CH3COO)2·2H2O, Zr(CH3COO)4, Y(CH3COO)3·H2O in methanol. The synthesized films, after proper characterization, are employed for electrochemical oxidation of methanol. The analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, and Infrared (IR) spectroscopy reveal the successful formation of crystalline thin films of mixed metal oxide without any additional impurities. Further, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results, confirm the composition and oxidation state of all the elements present in thin films. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) further aided to identify the uniformity and porous nature of composite thin films while the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the targeted elemental composition of the prepared thin films is in good agreement with precursors. The electrochemical oxidation of methanol results reveals that NiO-Y2O3/FTO and NiO-ZrO2/FTO thin films showed current densities of 6.2 mA/cm2 and 10 mA/cm2 at 0.65 V, respectively, against Ag/AgCl/3M KCl using 0.6 M methanol solution. Furthermore, Chronoamperometric (CA) results show good stability of NiO-ZrO2/FTO and NiO-Y2O3/FTO thin films with observed current decay of 10% and 6.8% of the initial current density, respectively. Moreover, the effect of scan rate and concentration of metals in a catalyst was also investigated. The Electrochemical impedance studies (EIS) further support electrochemical results, where the lower charge transfer resistance (Rct) values are recorded for composite thin films as compared to the pure metal oxide thin films (NiO/FTO, ZrO2/FTO, and Y2O3/FTO). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In this study, 490 nm thin tin selenide thin films were deposited by facile co‐evaporation techniques using Sn and Se sources on a clean glass substrate. The thin films were annealed at moderate annealing temperature followed by characterization and analysis. The thin annealed films possess polycrystalline nature and orthorhombic structure with an average grain size of 130 nm. The band gap assessed from absorption spectra for the highly annealed sample was 1.52 eV. The resistivity and sheet resistance were measured with four‐probe techniques and the sheet resistance was =1.362 × 104 ohm for the highly annealed film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymorphism has been recognized as a useful tool to govern the behavior of solid materials for different technological applications. In this work, we present new polymorphs of Zinc-Blende (zb) Indium phosphide (InP) in Beryllium Oxide (β-BeO)-, Wurtzite (wz)-, and Silicon Carbide (SiC)- phases and explore their physical behavior from the first-principles perspective. These new polymorphs of InP exhibit hexagonal symmetry where the In3+ and P3− atoms exhibit tetrahedral coordination similar to zb-phase. The lack of imaginary frequencies in the phonon dispersions calculated for the novel InP polymorphs indicates their adequate dynamical stability. Moreover, the new polymorphs exhibited the cohesive energy comparable to that of the zb-phase of InP which indicated them thermodynamically as stable as the zb-phase of InP. The zb-polymorph, wz-polymorph, β-BeO-polymorph, and SiC-polymorph of InP exhibited direct bandgaps of magnitude 1.33, 1.32, 1.47, and 1.31 eV, respectively. The optical absorption by these novel polymorphs approaches to ~ 106 cm−1 in the visible (VI) part of the electromagnetic spectrum that are further evolved to 1.50 × 106 cm−1, 1.61 × 106 cm−1, 1.62 × 106 cm−1, and 1.71 × 106 cm−1 for zb-polymorph, wz-polymorph, β-BeO-polymorph, and SiC-polymorph of InP respectively in the ultraviolet (UV) range. Such high absorption of light points to their potential photovoltaic applications. They also exhibit transparent nature for infrared (IR), VI, and a wide range of UV light that may find interesting applications in optoelectronics. The phase transition of InP at moderate pressure indicates that novel stable polymorphs of InP with interesting features can be accordingly developed for any desired technological application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health crisis that is now impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Little is known how COVID-19 risks influence people to consume antibiotics, particularly in contexts like Bangladesh where these pharmaceuticals can be purchased without a prescription. This paper identifies the social drivers of antibiotics use among home-based patients who have tested positive with SARS-CoV-2 or have COVID-19-like symptoms. Using qualitative telephone interviews, the research was conducted in two Bangladesh cities with 40 participants who reported that they had tested positive for coronavirus (n = 20) or had COVID-19-like symptoms (n = 20). Our analysis identified five themes in antibiotic use narratives: antibiotics as 'big' medicine; managing anxiety; dealing with social repercussions of COVID-19 infection; lack of access to COVID-19 testing and healthcare services; and informal sources of treatment advice. Antibiotics were seen to solve physical and social aspects of COVID-19 infection, with urgent ramifications for AMR in Bangladesh and more general implications for global efforts to mitigate AMR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tin antimony sulfide (SnSb2S4) has gained tremendous research attention due to its low cost, environment-friendly, and abundant photovoltaic material in recent years. However, the high resistivity and low carrier density have limited its scope of applications. In this work, thin film of tin antimony sulfide (TAS) was deposited combinatorially using thermal evaporation techniques. The combinatorial film was synthesized by using baffles inside the vacuum chamber to control the flume. The as deposited combinatorial thin film was annealed inside argon gas in a glass ampule at 175°C. The elemental, structural, and optical characterizations of the films deposited with various elemental compositions are reported. To comprehend the study, ten different points of elemental composition were selected. The XRD analysis of the obtained annealed film revealed its SnSb2S4 phase. From our further measurements, it is found that the film is highly absorbent. The results of transmittance are found to be decreased with increasing content of antimony and no transmittance is absorbed below the visible range. Although the film shows good photoconductivity, few of the points in the thin film are found highly photoactive. The p-type semi-conductivity nature of the film was found for all points by the hotpoint probe technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Research on perovskite materials is an emerging trend from the last decade in order to improve the precision, stability, validity, consistency and reproducibility of reported perovskite materials and structures. These efforts are very much successful in advancing the composition, solvent, interface, and structure engineering leading toward the record efficiency value of 25.4%. However, the device instability has limited the practical applications of the hybrid perovskite solar cell. This review provides an up‐to‐date summary of the developments to resolve these issues with the uses of different synthesis routes and materials to obtain a stable ABX3 type structure of the perovskite materials. This review also comprehend the effects of electron transport layer on hysteresis phenomenon and long term stability with an outlook on current challenges and further development. Furthermore, a comprehensive discussion on the crystal structure, energy level, absorption coefficient, degradation and chemical bonding in perovskite solar cell materials is also included. Finally, a brief future outlook for perovskites solar cells is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on copper zinc tin sulpher selenide (CZTSSe) thin‐film material and its applications as a base material are intensively being researched since it is an earth‐abundant, inexpensive, flexible, and interesting material for next‐generation optoelectronic technologies. Apropos, this study explores and reports the synthesis of CZTSSe thin films and their key optoelectronics characteristics. The reported films are fabricated on a soda‐lime glass substrate by using a physical vapor deposition technique, and then annealed from 250 to 450 °C. From the X‐ray diffraction analysis, the structure of the as‐deposited thin films is found to be amorphous in nature. Annealed thin films of CZTSSe exhibit polycrystalline nature with an average crystallite size of 46.3 nm in tetragonal structure. To determine the bandgap energy, as well as optical properties, the visible spectrophotometer, and four‐probe techniques, are used. From the measurements, the bandgap energy of the annealed film is found to be 1.64 eV at 450 °C which is in the optimal range as an absorber layer for solar cell devices. Similarly, by employing the four‐probe technique, I–V characteristics for the as‐deposited thin films, the material shows non‐ohmic behavior whereas the annealed film demonstrates partially ohmic with a resistance of 670 ohms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Measurement and understanding of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are nontrivial, as perovskite absorbers are a mixed conductor exhibiting both ionic and electronic motion. Moreover, the interpretation of the low‐frequency spectra especially low‐frequency resistance (RLF) is ambiguous. Some reports suggest that RLF is related to ionic transport resistance, whereas others attribute it with the recombination processes. Herein, more light is put on the quest of low‐frequency impedance spectra of efficient PSCs. It is found that high‐ and low‐frequency resistances (RHF and RLF) follow a similar dependence on the applied bias and illumination with a comparable slope. These resistances are associated with the recombination processes in PSCs. The relation between low‐frequency spectra of PSCs and the physical parameters such as the role of the interface, grains' sizes, and perovskite composition is studied. It is found that the low‐frequency spectra of PSCs mainly depend on the grains' sizes and shift toward the high frequency, i.e., toward faster time constants with increasing the grain size. It is observed that these devices exhibit the lower recombination and higher open‐circuit voltage. A convenient way for the in‐depth analysis of PSCs, which will be crucial for designing better‐performing PSCs, is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solid magnetic cobalt ferrite (MCF) nanoparticles prepared with different amounts of tea waste under ultrasound-assisted synthetic method were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The XRD data confirm the formation of highly pure MCF nanoparticles. TEM and HR-TEM results predict that the morphology of MCF nanoparticles was changed from spherical to cubic and particle size ranging from 29 to 6.5 nm by increasing the content of tea waste. The surface areas of MCF nanoparticles are also increased from 30.78 to 153.82 m² g–1 by increasing the content of tea waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been tremendous advancement in the field of perovskite photovoltaics by means of interfacial engineering, compositional engineering and optimization of charge collection efficiency. The large bandgap oxides deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique have proven to be successfully passivating the interfacial defects owing to the advantages offered by this technique. Here, the effect of surface modification of mesoporous TiO2 (ms‐TiO2) layer with a transition metal oxide named niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) deposited by ALD technique on the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is investigated. The results reveal that functionalization with ultrathin Nb2O5 layer improve the optoelectronic properties and morphology of the deposited perovskite films. Moreover, the charge transfer is improved and hence the interfacial recombination is reduced. This results in improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 19.11% to 21.04% and open‐circuit voltage (VOC) from 1.118 to 1.147 V for the modified champion device. Additionally, the device shows negligible hysteresis with enhanced shelf life thermal and UV stabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing global energy demand requires the coordinated development of energy conversion and energy storage materials. Metal halide perovskites have emerged as strong semiconductor candidates for both applications. While metal halide perovskites have received much attention for a range of energy conversion devices, there is a limited use of these materials in energy storage devices. This review summarizes the current status of metal halide perovskites for Li-ion battery and supercapacitor applications while mainly focusing on the device architecture, synthesis method, and material properties. Special attention is placed on the impact of the morphology, defect density and doping of the perovskite active layer on the performance of these devices. Finally, perspectives for the further development of this field are proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]