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Background: It is observed that patients with cerebral ischemic stroke frequently had leukoaraiosis (LA) which may influence the outcome, length of hospital stay, cognitive function and mortality. Objective: The present study was done to evaluate the predictive value of LA in terms of mortality, disability and cognitive decline in the period of six months post-stroke. Methods: Forty five patients with acute cerebral ischemic stroke were included in this study and diagnosed by brain MRI, NIHSS, Barthel index and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were done for all patients at one and six months after the stoke. Results: Mild LA was diagnosed in 14 patients while moderate to severe in 9 patients. Severity of LA was more in patients who had hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Severity of LA was correlated with poor outcome of stroke patients regarding their cognitive function or disability either in the first or sixth month follow up. Conclusion: The presence of LA is associated with poor functional and cognitive outcome of ischemic stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The evaluation of different aspects of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) can effectively improve the outcomes of this fatal disease. Objective: To correlate the clinical presentations of patients with spontaneous SAH with neuroimaging findings, computed brain tomography (CT) and standard digital subtraction angiography (DSA), with special emphasis on nature of SAH and characteristics of the radiographically detected aneurysms. Methods: We reviewed the record of 68 SAH patients in whom the disease was proved by brain CT scan and sometimes lumbar puncture. In all patients, clinical neurological examination and a standard DSA was done. Results : 58.8 percent of all patients were male and about sixty percent of patients were aged 30-60 years .The angiogram showed aneurysm in 82.4% of patients and it was normal in 17.6 after the second angiogram. About 91.1% of the aneurysms located in the anterior circulation while only about 8.9% of aneurysms were located in the posterior circulation. There was a positive correlation between the clinical presentation of the patients at the onset of the SAH measured by Hunt and Hess Scale and their brain CT findings as revealed by Fisher scale. Patients who had aneurismal SAH had a worse clinical presentation than those with non-aneurismal one. Moreover, among patients with aneurismal SAH there was a significant correlation between the size of the aneurysm and the severity of SAH. Conclusion: DSA should be performed in every patient presented by SAH. Severity of SAH presentation was correlated with both CT and DSA findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]