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Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with ototoxicity, which is caused by external factors. Mitophagy plays a key role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and function and is regulated by a series of key mitophagy regulatory proteins and signaling pathways. The results of ototoxicity models indicate the importance of this process in the etiology of ototoxicity. A number of recent investigations of the control of cell fate by mitophagy have enhanced our understanding of the mechanisms by which mitophagy regulates ototoxicity and other hearing-related diseases, providing opportunities for targeting mitochondria to treat ototoxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: BYSL, which encodes the Bystin protein in humans, is upregulated in reactive astrocytes following brain damage and/or inflammation. We aimed to determine the role and mechanism of BYSL in glioma cell growth and survival. Methods: BYSL expression in glioma tissues was measured by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. In vitro assays were performed to assess the role of BYSL in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Protein interactions and co-localization were determined by co-immunoprecipitation and double immunofluorescence. The expression and activity of the AKT/mTOR signaling molecules were determined by Western blot analysis, and the role of BYSL in glioma growth was confirmed in an orthotopic xenograft model. Results: The BYSL mRNA and protein levels were elevated in glioma tissues. Silencing BYSL inhibited glioma cell proliferation, impeded cell cycle progression, and induced apoptosis, whereas overexpressing BYSL protein led to the opposite effects. We identified a complex consisting of BYSL, RIOK2, and mTOR, and observed co-localization and positive correlations between BYSL and RIOK2 in glioma cells and tissues. Overexpressing BYSL or RIOK2 increased the expression and activity of AKT/mTOR signaling molecules, whereas downregulation of BYSL or RIOK2 decreased the activity of AKT/mTOR signaling molecules. Silencing BYSL or RIOK2 decreased the growth of the tumors and prolonged the lifespan of the animals in an orthotopic xenograft model. Conclusions: High expression of BYSL in gliomas promoted tumor cell growth and survival both in vitro and in vivo. These effects could be attributed to the association of BYSL with RIOK2 and mTOR, and the subsequent activation of AKT signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) wastewater is highly acidic with poor biodegradability, which is difficult to treat. In this paper, the UPR wastewater was treated by distillation and cooling to solve these problems. And the effects of distillation and cooling on the parameters, such as conductivity, total dissolved solids, chemical oxygen demand (COD)Cr, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)5 and organic acid content of the UPR wastewater were studied. Through experiments, it was found that there is no obvious effect on the treatment of UPR wastewater by distillation or cooling. But through combination of distillation and cooling, the CODCr, conductivity and the BOD5 of the wastewater decreased by 22.4%, 24.6% and 30.9%, respectively, and the pH was increased from 2.23 to 4.03. A mass number of white flocs were precipitated while the irritating odor is significantly reduced, and the biodegradability of the UPR wastewater was improved. The experiment results showed that the distillation or cooling could not affect the parameters above of the UPR wastewater, but the method designed in this paper can easily and effectively treat UPR wastewater, which can be used in industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pollution of cyanuric acid-contaminated saline wastewater has been a major problem in industrial wastewater treatment in the production of trichloroisocyanuric acid. In this study, the solubility of cyanuric acid in different concentrations of NaCl solution was studied via data fitting and salt effect theory, and a mathematical model was established to analyze the salt effect of NaCl on cyanuric acid wastewater and to predict the solubility of cyanuric acid in different NaCl solution at even lower temperatures. After the experimental verification, the deviation between the data fitting results and the experimental results were analyzed. The optimum salting-out effect of NaCl on cyanuric acid was selected and the fitting equation was modified. It was found that the optimum precipitation point of cyanuric acid is that NaCl was added to the mass concentration of 25%, and the solution temperature was adjusted to 0°C, which caused the concentration of cyanuric acid in the simulated wastewater solution was dropped from 1400 mg/L to 744 mg/L. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the self-loosening of threaded fasteners subjected to dynamic shear load. Three kinds of typical coatings, PTFE, MoS2, and TiN applied to bolts and nuts, are tested in this investigation. The study experimentally examines the loosening mechanisms of fasteners and assesses the anti-loosening performance of the three tested coatings based on their tightening characteristics, loosening curves, and the damage of thread surface. Additionally, the anti-loosening performance of the three coatings is compared under different load forms. The results indicate that the PTFE and MoS2 coatings have significant anti-loosening effect, whereas the anti-loosening performance of TiN coating is not satisfactory. It is also found that an appropriate increase of the initial tightening torque can significantly improve the anti-loosening effect. In addition, the microscopic analyses of PTFE and MoS2 coating reveal that a reduced initial tightening torque leads to fretting wear on the thread contact surfaces of fasteners, thereby aggravating the damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ovarian cancer is one of the most malignant types of cancer of the female human reproductive track, posing a severe threat to the health of the female population. Numerous previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR)-145 is downregulated in ovarian cancer, and that quercetin can inhibit the growth of cancer cells via regulating the expression of miRs. Therefore, the present study investigated the effect of quercetin on the expression of miR-145 in SKOV-3 and A2780 human ovarian cancer cell lines. The results revealed that the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 in the SKOV-3 and A2780 cells were significantly increased following treatment to induce overexpression of miR-145 compared with treatment with quercetin alone (P<0.01). However, the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in the anti-miR-145 (miR-145 inhibitor) group of cells was markedly decreased compared with that in the miR-145 overexpression group (P<0.01). Taken together, the results suggested that treatment with quercetin induced the apoptosis of human ovarian carcinoma cells through activation of the extrinsic death receptor mediated and intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study adopted PPy/PAN-based carbon fiber felt composite as a new electrode for desalination experiment. The result shows that this kind of composite electrode can significantly reduce the outlet conductivity when inlet chemical oxygen demand (COD) is over 300 mg/l. It additionally reduces COD to the value obtained with other electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical vapor deposition method is used to prepare CNT (carbon nanotube)/PCF (PAN-based carbon fiber felt) composite electrodes in this paper, with the surface morphology of CNT/PCF composites and electroadsorption desalination performance being studied. Results showsuch electrodematerialswith three-dimensional network nanostructures having a larger specific surface area and narrower micropore distribution, with a huge number of reactive groups covering the surface. Compared with PCF electrodes, CNT/PCF can allow for a higher adsorption and desorption rate but lower energy consumption; meanwhile, under the condition of the same voltage change, the CNT/PCF electrodes are provided with a better desalination effect. The study also found that the higher the original concentration of the solution, the greater the adsorption capacity and the lower the adsorption rate. At the same time, the higher the solution's pH, the better the desalting; the smaller the ions' radius, the greater the amount of adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]