Search

Although studies that analyze eco-innovation without differentiating among industries are proliferating, research has not yet identified the factors that lead to eco-innovation in tourism sector firms. Since innovation in general is nourished by access to knowledge sources and the intensity with which they are used, this study analyzes the effect of intensive use of knowledge sources on eco-innovation in the tourism sector. It also analyzes the possible mediating role of traditional orientation of the firm in product innovation and/or process innovation. We use two data sources: panel data from Spain’s National Statistics Institute on 199 tourism firms for 2011-2015 and primary data gathered from a set of 198 tourism firms collected separately via questionnaire in 2021 during the Covid-19 pandemic. The second dataset, which was collected independently of the first, aims to corroborate the results of the first in a different economic context and different firms. Our results indicate a significant distinction between product/service and process innovation. The findings show that that tourism firms rely on process innovation to implement eco-innovation, whereas product innovation has no influence in these firms in any of the years analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To understand how organizations, public or private, must increase their productivity perception (PP), independently of the sector. This article aims to analyze PP in the digital transformation (DT) process to determine how it is affected by technostress (TS) and work engagement (WE), two concepts that seem to be forces opposing PP. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use data from a questionnaire addressed to personnel in two organizations (public and private). The analysis applies partial least squares technique to the 505 valid responses obtained from these organizations. This analysis is based not on representativeness but on uniqueness. Findings: The results suggest a positive, significant relationship between DT and PP. This article integrates DT and its effects on aspects of people's health, PP and WE. The model thus includes interactions of technology with human elements. In both business and administrative environments, PP is key to optimizing resources and survival of organizations. Research limitations/implications: DT processes are different and complex because every organization is different. The authors recommend expanding this study to other sectors in both spheres, public and private. Aligning the objectives of the institutions for aid with DT is also quite complicated. Practical implications: This study contributes to improving participating organizations. It also provides government institutions with a clear foundation from which to encourage actions that promote the health and WE of their workforce without reducing productivity. In addition, this study adds novelty to the research line. Originality/value: The authors have deepened this line of research by developing fuller knowledge of the relationships among novel and necessary variables in organizations. The authors provide complementary, different and inspiring value in addressing this line of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is a key factor in the creation and development of companies. This study examines the CEO's personal background (personality, proactivity and resistance to change) and its influence on the EO of the organization to determine which factors enhance or weaken EO. We achieve this goal through quantitative research, developing a structural equations model with partial least squares to analyse a sample of 358 Spanish SMEs from different sectors. The results suggest that specific personality dimensions exert substantial influence on the organization's EO. We also analyse individual proactivity and resistance to change as conduits for the effect of personality dimensions on the company's EO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the field of strategic entrepreneurship has received much attention in recent years, the relationship of strategic entrepreneurship to context is fundamental to understanding the conditions under which strategic entrepreneurship is most necessary. This study analyses the impact of strategic entrepreneurship on the organization's results, in focusing especially on whether this impact is greater in an environment of high competitive intensity. Performed on a sample of 358 Spanish SMEs, the study suggests that carrying out a strategic venture has a positive influence the company's results and that this positive relationship improves in situations of high competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Entrepreneurial identity involves identifying and exploiting opportunities to create value and wealth. Entrepreneurship contributes mainly to a firm's efforts be exploited in a marketplace. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the relationship between the entrepreneurial social identities identified by Fauchart and Gruber (2011) and three primary stakeholders: investors, customers and employees. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected through online questionnaires from entrepreneurs who had created their own new venture in Spain. The results were analysed using partial least squares technique (PLS-SEM) (Fornell and Cha, 1994) with Smart PLS 3.0 (Ringle et al., 2015). Findings: The results show that the identities defined as Darwinian and Communitarian have a positive effect on profits and growth in sales, which serve to create value for investors and customers. The effect is not significant, however, when these identities are connected to job creation to create value for employees. Further, the multi-group analysis performed shows that this relationship differs significantly based on gender. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation is that this research does not include relevant stakeholders like sponsors or project managers. The next step is to expand this research to this kind of stakeholders. Practical implications: The research assists gender entrepreneurial social identity and business performance under the impact on primary stakeholders. Social implications: This research has the potential to analyse the entrepreneurial social identities for their contribution to create value and wealth. Originality/value: The authors' main contributions are to have based the study on the relationship between entrepreneurial social identity and business performance and their impact on primary stakeholders and to have analysed the differences on gender entrepreneurial social identity and business performance and their impact on primary stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine theoretically and empirically what type of leadership facilitates e-business adoption in large manufacturing firms. The digital transformation of firms requires leadership that can promote the adaptive quality of organizational culture.Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted an empirical study using two key informants from a sample of 181 incumbent firms.Findings The authors find significant evidence that adaptive culture is the vehicle by which transformational leaders positively influence e-business adoption.Originality/value Given the digital economy’s external pressures, many e-business adoption processes fail due to organizational factors originating in leadership and its capability to change followers’ values, norms, and motivations. To solve this problem, the authors propose a model that explains how transformational leadership first plays a key role in changing characteristics of culture and then facilitates e-business adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives To compare the use of sonic powered or manual toothbrush in patients with intellectual disability ( ID) in terms of plaque (PlI) and gingival ( GI) indices and adverse effects. Material and Methods Subjects with ID were recruited for this cluster-randomized, single blinded (examiner), 6-month clinical trial, comparing powered versus manual toothbrushing. Outcome variables included PlI and GI, evaluated at baseline and 3 months after supervised toothbrushing and after 3 additional months of unsupervised used. Clinical outcome variables were analysed by repeated measures ANCOVA considering time and group as factors and respective baseline values as covariates (generalized linear model). Results Sixty-four patients (34 male, mean age 34.5) in six clusters were included in the study. No statistically significant effect of toothbrushing group was observed for PlI or GI. A significant effect of time was identified ( p < 0.001) with mean reductions ranging 0.44-0.45 for PlI and 0.30-0.36 for GI from baseline to 3-6 months. No relevant adverse effect or technical problems were observed. Conclusion The tested sonic powered toothbrush was as effective and safe as the manual toothbrush. The use of powered or manual toothbrushes, together with fluoride toothpaste, may improve plaque and gingivitis levels, in patients with mild to limit ID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Communication is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose -- The purpose of this paper is to take an in-depth look at the differences in learning based on the nature of the process, analysing the influence of CEO perceptions of personal mastery, shared vision, environment and strategic proactivity on the learning level. Design/methodology/approach -- This investigation drew up a structured questionnaire to better understand how CEOs face learning issues. A series of χ², t-tests, Harman's one-factor tests, correlations, and regression analyses were used. The hypotheses are tested using data from 239 firms located in Spain. Findings -- This investigation shows the influence of CEO perceptions of several strategic factors and capabilities (personal mastery, shared vision, environment and strategic proactivity) in single- and double-loop learning and the influence of this learning level on organizational innovation and performance. It adds theoretical and empirical arguments to the two main learning levels in the literature. Originality/value -- The research provides empirical evidence that: personal mastery and a stable environment have a positive and significant impact on the generation of single-loop learning; personal mastery, shared vision, ambiguous environment and strategic proactivity have a positive and significant influence on the generation of double-loop learning; and both learning levels affect the generation of greater organizational innovation and performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today's information and knowledge society requires new leaders who can confront a reality based on knowledge and foster innovation to achieve improvements in organizational performance. However, organizations sometimes fail to achieve sustainable competitive advantage due to their limited understanding of the relationships between these strategic variables. To date, very little research has analysed the direct and indirect relationships between these variables. Our study seeks to fill this research gap by analysing theoretically and empirically how the leader's perceptions of different intermediate strategic variables related to knowledge (knowledge slack, absorptive capacity, tacitness, organizational learning) and innovation influence the relation between transformational leadership and organizational performance. Based on the literature, we develop a theoretical model that shows the interrelations between these variables. We then test the model using data from 408 Spanish organizations, discuss the findings and provide several implications for business practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the importance in recent years of the phenomenon of academic entrepreneurship in European universities, knowledge about determinants and performance of this technology transfer mechanism may have important managerial and policy implications. Applying the resource-based view at universities, we have tested the influence of five bundles of resources and capabilities on spin-off activity rates as well as on the performance of new spin-offs in a sample of seven European universities. These five bundles are: technology transfer policies and strategies; human capital; stock of technology; resources and capabilities of technology transfer offices; and support measures for academic entrepreneurship. Our results show that excellence of human capital and the presence of university-based financial support measures are strongly associated with both spin-off activity and performance. Another interesting finding is related to the availability of university-based non-economic support measures (training, counselling, etc.), which have no influence on spin-off activity but are significantly associated with performance of new spin-offs. We also discuss some interesting relationships between explanatory variables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose — This paper aims to propose a model to assess managerial flexibility and its determinants. Design/methodology/approach — The authors perform a literature review to identify the main dimensions of managerial flexibility. Flexibility as a firm capability to co-align the firm and the business environment permanently is deeply related to the notion of fit. The proposed model integrates different approaches to fit. Based on an empirical, transnational study, the research proposes a model for managerial flexibility. Findings — Three types of flexibility are measured: managerial flexibility, financial flexibility and metaflexibility. Financial flexibility and metaflexibility determine the degree of managerial flexibility, which in turn has positive implications for performance. Research limitations/implications — The variables included in the model are not exhaustive. The concept of fit implies a static perspective of flexibility. Practical implications — The results are useful both for researchers and for practitioners. Researchers can benefit from a review of managerial flexibility and a methodology that combines different approaches to fit: matching, covariation and profile deviation. Practitioners can learn that managerial flexibility, articulated in some managerial practices, has positive effects on performance when they are in line with the requirements of the environment. In order to activate these practices, firms should maintain a commitment to learning capabilities and financial resources. Originality/value — Three contributions are important for research. First, the paper proposes a model for explaining the nature of managerial flexibility. Second, it shows that flexibility and fit are interrelated concepts and that fit improves the measurability of flexibility. Third, managerial flexibility has positive implications for firm performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper takes a wide-ranging transnational look, within the frame of the European Union, at the differences between large and small firms based on practices of flexibility. More specifically, the research aims to evaluate whether small firms form a homogeneous body in applying flexible practices as opposed to large firms, as well as observing the differential effects on performance when there are discrepancies in the coalignment levels between a firm’s actual flexibility and that required by the environment. The hypotheses are tested using data from 417 European firms. The results reveal that (1) good coalignments between actual and required flexibility (flexibility fit) have a greater influence on business performance in the case of small firms; (2) there are significant differences between small and large firms as regards operative flexibility, strategic flexibility, financial flexibility (organizational slack), and performance. The large firms analyzed coalign their flexibility fit better in their various dimensions (structural, operative, and strategic); (3) the degree of metaflexibility can be greater among small firms, which represents a greater information processing capacity, thus enabling the flexibility fit to be constantly coaligned to changes in the environment. However, a greater metaflexibility is not immediately reflected in the flexibility fit; and (4) this greater flexibility fit among large firms can be favored by their greater financial flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this current research is to investigate the impact that implementing quality improvement (QI) processes has on manufacturing flexibility. First, we analyse whether firms that introduce QI processes better adapt their manufacturing flexibility level to the requirements of the environment. Second, we look at whether there are significant differences in this fit in terms of the manufacturing flexibility dimensions between firms that implement QI processes and those that do not. Third, we concentrate on finding out how QI processes intervene as a mediating mechanism in the relationship between manufacturing flexibility fit and performance. In order to do this, we have made a wide-ranging, transnational study within the framework of the European Union, using data from 417 European firms. The results reveal that firms with QI programs achieve higher levels of manufacturing flexibility, though with a worse fit to the requirements of the environment. This is due, not to a lack of flexibility but, rather, to an excess of it, which is not reflected in better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the spread of COVID-19, new challenges and opportunities for business innovation have emerged, including the way work is organized and designed. In particular, pandemic created the conditions for the most extensive mass teleworking experiment in history. While there is a wide literature on the effects of teleworking as a business innovation, mainly from an environmental perspective, there are few studies investigating the public perceptions regarding teleworking and, in particular, studies that draw from social media analyses. Based on these considerations, a big data analysis has been carried out in order to frame the public perceptions about teleworking on Twitter. The six-months sentiment analysis of about 11,000 tweets shows that the ecological value of telework is not perceived by people; surprisingly, in a pandemic context of growing ecological concern, there is no significant evidence of environmental awareness in relation to teleworking. However, the positive and negative concepts which emerge in relation to teleworking and similar terms can be assimilated to the benefits and pitfalls highlighted in the literature, which are related to economic or social sustainability. This has important implications for practice in organizations employing teleworking, which are highlighted in the conclusion, together with the limitations and future research avenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examining the knowledge transfer process in sustainable contexts, we identified various gaps, which we analyzed in this study. First, we compare the temporal context of firms with eco-innovation strategies before and after the financial crisis of the first decade of the 21st century. Second, we analyze the firms' knowledge transfer, from the use of knowledge sources to innovation through intellectual property. Third, we consider the influence of firm age on firms with eco-innovation goals and the influence of size on intellectual property. We used data from a sample of 3004 firms prepared by the Spanish National Statistics Institute for two different time periods: 2009 and 2014. Our results suggest that firms that achieve sustainable innovations do not show large differences in behavior in the two economic periods. We found that knowledge in firms with eco-innovation goals is transferred through intellectual property. The results show that firm age and size influence these processes during the years analyzed and thus have various implications for theory and for small firms, which are generally family firms. Small and family firms should strengthen their registration of intellectual property so that their knowledge transfer process ends in innovations for both the firm and the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, firms' sustainable management has been considered a key factor in the achievement of profits, but few studies analyze the antecedents and effects of eco-innovation. Our study proposes a model to analyze the factors that affect eco-innovation, as well as eco-innovation's effects on dynamic ambidexterity. To pursue this goal, we developed a research model with panel data from 449 firms over five years from the telecom industry and tested the model using structural equations and partial least squares (PLS). Our results demonstrate the influence of R&D expenditure on eco-innovation. They show a slightly ordered sequence of exploration and exploitation results, indicating that some equilibrium between the two orientations is necessary. The study thus shows that eco-innovation facilitates ambidexterity in that exploration and exploitation alternate dynamically in the search for economic profit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose & To analyze a series of strategic capabilities/factors that affects organizational innovation (OI) and organizational learning (OL) (personal mastery, transformational leadership, shared vision, proactivity and environment) and demonstrate that OL and innovation are positively related to organizational performance. Design/methodology/approach & Based on prior research, the paper develops a number of testable hypotheses. It examines how personal mastery, transformational leadership, shared vision, proactivity and environment influence improvements in performance. The paper uses inter-factor correlations matrix and multiple regressions analyses and empirically tests these hypotheses using a sample of 408 Spanish organizations. Findings & Considers OI and OL jointly to promote organizational entrepreneurship and to increase competitive advantages. Empirically reflects the need to strengthen different strategic capabilities to achieve an adequate level of both organizational issues and thus improve performance and encourage entrepreneurship. Research limitations/implications & Survey data based on self-reports may be subject to social desirability bias. The external validation of some of the variables from the archival data of a subset of respondents increased confidence in self-reports and reduced the risk of common method variance. The paper needs to concentrate on other sectors. Future studies should place greater emphasis on longitudinal studies and should be based on a larger sample, preferably in more than one country. It would be interesting to analyze other strategic activities for entrepreneurship. Practical implications & Organizations' managers must encourage the organization's members to achieve high levels of personal mastery. This environment can be provided by continually encouraging personal vision. The style of management must be more transformational. They must foster shared vision. The leader must prepare the organization and shape the mental models. Specific actions must be taken to overcome the internal and external obstacles to shared vision. The leader will play an important role in linking the organization and the environment and generate proactivity. Originality/value & This paper is fundamental to promote strategy capabilities that are necessary to entrepreneurship (OL and OI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]