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Mahonia Nuttall (Berberidaceae Jussieu) is an East Asian‒North American disjunct evergreen genus. There are many fossil records of Mahonia from the Eocene to Pleistocene in North America and Europe, but only a few reliable fossils have been reported from East Asia. Compressed fossil leaflets, described here as Mahonia mangbangensis sp. nov. and Mahonia cf. oiwakensis, were collected from the Pliocene Mangbang Formation in Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, southwest China. These new fossil specimens show the same leaf architectural characteristics as those belonging to the Group Orientales of Mahonia, and represent the youngest occurrence of the genus in East Asia. This new fossil discovery extends the stratigraphic range of Mahonia in East Asia and provides new insights into the potential differentiation and migration routes of the Group Orientales in China. Mahonia probably differentiated during the Pliocene in western Yunnan, representing part of the diversification history of this genus in East Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: 7-Methylguanosine(m7G) contributes greatly to its pathogenesis and progression in colorectal cancer. We proposed building a prognostic model of m7G-related LncRNAs. Our prognostic model was used to identify differences between hot and cold tumors. Methods: The study included 647 colorectal cancer patients (51 cancer-free patients and 647 cancer patients) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We identified m7G-related prognostic lncRNAs by employing the univariate Cox regression method. Assessments were conducted using univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, receiver operating characteristics (ROC), nomogram, calibration curves, and Kaplan-Meier analysis. All of these procedures were used with the aim of confirming the validity and stability of the model. Besides these two analyses, we also conducted half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), immune analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). The entire set of m7G-related (lncRNAs) with respect to cold and hot tumors has been divided into two clusters for further discussion of immunotherapy. Results: The risk model was constructed with 17 m7G-related lncRNAs. A good correlation was found between the calibration plots and the prognosis prediction in the model. By assessing IC50 in a significant way across risk groups, systemic treatment can be guided. By using clusters, it may be possible to distinguish hot and cold tumors effectively and to aid in specific therapeutic interventions. Cluster 1 was identified as having the highest response to immunotherapy drugs and thus was identified as the hot tumor. Conclusion: This study shows that 17 m7G-related lncRNA can be used in clinical settings to predict prognosis and use them to determine whether a tumor is cold or hot in colorectal cancer and improve the individualization of treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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