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Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a complicated hematopoietic malignancy characterized by bone marrow (BM) dysplasia with symptoms like anemia, neutropenia, or thrombocytopenia. MDS exhibits considerable heterogeneity in prognosis, with approximately 30% of patients progressing to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a new and powerful technique to profile disease landscapes. However, the current available scRNA-seq datasets for MDS are only focused on CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. We argue that using entire BM cell for MDS studies probably will be more informative for understanding the pathophysiology of MDS. Methods: Five MDS patients and four healthy donors were enrolled in the study. Unsorted cells from BM aspiration were collected for scRNA-seq analysis to profile overall alteration in hematopoiesis. Results: Standard scRNA-seq analysis of unsorted BM cells successfully profiles deficient hematopoiesis in all five MDS patients, with three classified as high-risk and two as low-risk. While no significant increase in mutation burden was observed, high-risk MDS patients exhibited T-cell activation and abnormal myelogenesis at the stages between hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC) and granulocyte–macrophage progenitors (GMP). Transcriptional factor analysis on the aberrant myelogenesis suggests that the epigenetic regulator chromatin structural protein-encoding gene HMGA1 is highly activated in the high-risk MDS group and moderately activated in the low-risk MDS group. Perturbation of HMGA1 by CellOracle simulated deficient hematopoiesis in mouse Lineage-negative (Lin-) BM cells. Projecting MDS and AML cells on a BM cell reference by our newly developed MarcoPolo pipeline intuitively visualizes a connection for myeloid leukemia development and abnormalities of hematopoietic hierarchy, indicating that it is technically feasible to integrate all diseased bone marrow cells on a common reference map even when the size of the cohort reaches to 1,000 patients or more. Conclusion: Through scRNA-seq analysis on unsorted cells from BM aspiration samples of MDS patients, this study systematically profiled the development abnormalities in hematopoiesis, heterogeneity of risk, and T-cell microenvironment at the single cell level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we mainly study the fractional Choquard systems with a local perturbation under the mass constraints: (- Δ) s u = λ 1 u + (I α ∗ | u | 2 α , s ∗ ) | u | 2 α , s ∗ - 2 u + μ 1 | u | p - 2 u + β r 1 | u | r 1 - 2 u | v | r 2 in R N , (- Δ) s v = λ 2 v + (I α ∗ | v | 2 α , s ∗ ) | v | 2 α , s ∗ - 2 v + μ 2 | v | q - 2 v + β r 2 | v | r 2 - 2 v | u | r 1 in R N , ‖ u ‖ L 2 (R N) 2 = a 1 2 and ‖ v ‖ L 2 (R N) 2 = a 2 2 , where (- Δ) s u is the fractional Laplacian, I α (x) is the Riesz potential, 0 < α < min { N , 4 s } , and N > 2 s , s ∈ (0 , 1) , λ 1 , λ 2 ∈ R N are unknown constants, which will appear as Lagrange multipliers, μ 1 , μ 2 , β , a 1 , a 2 > 0 , r 1 , r 2 > 1 , p , q and r 1 + r 2 ∈ (2 + 4 s N , 2 s ∗ ]. 2 s ∗ = 2 N N - 2 s is the fractional critical Sobolev exponent and 2 α , s ∗ = 2 N - α N - 2 s is the fractional Hardy–Littlewood–Sobolev critical exponent. Firstly, if p , q and r 1 + r 2 < 2 s ∗ , we obtain the existence of positive normalized solution when β is big enough. Then, for the case of p = q = r 1 + r 2 = 2 s ∗ , we may obtain the nonexistence of positive normalized solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a valid tool for solving ground state problems, imaginary time evolution (ITE) is widely used in physical and chemical simulations. Different ITE-based algorithms in their quantum counterpart have recently been proposed and applied to some real systems. We experimentally realize the variational-based quantum imaginary time evolution (QITE) algorithm to simulate the ground state energy of hydrogen (H2) and lithium hydride (LiH) molecules in a superconducting qubit system. The H2 molecule is directly simulated using the 3-qubit circuit with unitary-coupled clusters (UCC) ansatz. We also combine QITE with the cluster mean-field (CMF) method to obtain an effective Hamiltonian. The LiH molecule is correspondingly simulated using the 3-qubit circuit with hardware-efficient ansatz. For comparison, the LiH molecule is also directly simulated using the 4-qubit circuit with UCC ansatz at the equilibrium point. All the experimental results show a convergence within 4 iterations, with high-fidelity ground state energy obtained. For a more complex system in the future, the CMF may allow further grouping of interactions to obtain an effective Hamiltonian, then the hybrid QITE algorithm can possibly simulate a relatively large-scale system with fewer qubits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reconstruction of defects of nasal ala and dorsum after surgical excision presents a substantial challenge to dermatologic surgeons. Second intention healing is a simple and extremely useful method to optimize cosmesis after skin cancer removal. This study reported the cosmetic outcomes after second intention healing of nasal ala and dorsum defects in Asians, and estimated the time to epithelialization and complete healing. Fifteen defects (<1 cm in diameter) of the nasal ala and dorsum in 10 patients were allowed to heal by secondary intention. Cosmetic results were evaluated and the time to epithelialization and complete healing were recorded. Cosmetic outcomes were good to excellent in 80% of the defects; defects of the dorsum showed poorer cosmetic results than defects of the ala. The wounds needed 5–17 days (mean 11.3; SD ± 4.18) to complete epithelialization and 10–24 days (mean 17.7; SD ± 4.85) to heal completely. Second intention healing of small nasal ala and dorsum defects (<1 cm in diameter) in Asians produces satisfactory cosmetic results with a low complication rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Fractional lasers have become increasingly popular for treating atrophic scars, but their effectiveness is limited for deeper scars. We developed a novel technique (manual fractional thermal contraction technology, MFTCT) using an ultra‐pulse CO2 laser and evaluated its efficacy and safety for treating atrophic facial scars. Methods: A total of 44 patients with atrophic facial scars were treated with MFTCT every 8 weeks for 1‐4 times. Overall scar improvement was assessed by photographs taken at baseline and 3 months after the last treatment according to the 4‐point global assessment scale (GAS) and ECCA grading scale. Improvements in color, distortion, and texture were assessed by the modified Manchester Scar Scale and scored individually from 1 to 4. Pain degrees and adverse reactions during and after treatment were recorded. Results: A total of 44 patients completed the treatment and follow‐ups; of them, 89% reported at least 50% overall improvement after the last treatment. The mean ECCA scores fell from 67.50 ± 23.98 to 45.68 ± 18.57 (a 32% improvement), and the change was significant (P =.000). The average score for overall improvement was 3.48. The average scores for color, distortion, and texture were 3.07 ± 0.62, 3.27 ± 0.50, and 3.52 ± 0.51, respectively. Mean pain degree score was 4.27 ± 1.04, and mean erythema duration was 28.43 ± 6.58 days. Some patients developed pigmentation for a few months that resolved with topical treatment. Conclusion: Manual fractional thermal contraction technology has definite clinical efficacy in the treatment of atrophic facial scars with fewer adverse reactions and is worth using in the clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis was conducted on the evolutional process of a mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) and associated heavy rainfall in the Dabie Mountain area on 21-22 June 2008, as well as their structural characteristics in different stages, by using the mesoscale reanalysis data with 3 km and 1 h resolution generated by the Local Analysis and Prediction System (LAPS) in the Southern China Heavy Rainfall Experiment. The results showed that the latent heat released by convection in the midtroposphere was the main energy source for the development of a low-level vortex. There was a positive feedback interaction between the convection and the vortex, and the evolution of the MCV was closely related to the strength of the positive interaction. The most typical characteristics of the thermal structure in different stages were that, there was a relatively thin diabatic heating layer in the midtroposphere in the formative stage; the thickness of diabatic heating layer significantly increased in the mature stage; and it almost disappeared in the decay stage. The characteristics of the dynamic structure were that, in the formative stage, there was no anticyclonic circulation at the high level; in the mature stage, an anticyclonic circulation with strong divergence was formed at the high level; in the decay stage, the anticyclonic circulation was damaged and the high-level atmosphere was in a disordered state of turbulence. Finally, the structural schematics of the MCV in the formative and mature stage were established respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]