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This was a daily diary study using intensive longitudinal methods to evaluate the dynamic structure of relationships among employees' self-reported health, psychological capital, daily workplace incivility, and daily emotional exhaustion. We recruited 200 participants working in health and fitness clubs for experience sampling and had them file the same questionnaires for 10 consecutive working days. A total of 179 participants (men = 57, 31.85%; women = 122, 68.15%) completed the questionnaires, with a response rate of 89.5%, leading to 1790 data points at the within-person level. We used a multilevel location-scale model of dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) for data analysis. We ran the model in Mplus software (version 8.4) and found an autoregressive 'carry over' relationship between the previous day's emotional exhaustion changes on current emotional exhaustion changes ( γ 10 = 0.067, CI = [0.003, 0.132]). Daily workplace incivility significantly and positively predicted daily emotional exhaustion at the within-person level ( γ 20 = 0.953, CI = [0.465, 1.489]). Self-reported health was negatively associated with a person's mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion ( γ 20 = −0.256, CI = [0.465, 1.489]) and moderated the strength of the workplace incivility effect on emotional exhaustion ( γ 21 = −0.201, CI = [−0.292, −0.121]). Finally, psychological capital was negatively related to a person's mean ratings of daily emotional exhaustion ( γ 02 = −0.240, CI = [−0.377, −0.102]). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Childbirth may pose many challenges to the psychological well-being of marriage-based immigrant mothers in interracial marriages, who must negotiate bi-dimensional acculturation – adaptation to the host culture and maintenance of her own heritage culture. We examined the temporal relationships between bi-dimensional acculturation and depressive symptoms from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum among marriage-based immigrant mothers in Taiwan using the cross-lagged structural equation modeling. Methods: This study recruited 310 immigrant mothers, who were examined in the second and third trimesters, and again at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postpartum from March 2013 to December 2015. Depressive symptoms and bi-dimensional acculturation were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and Bidimensional Acculturation Scale for Marriage-Based Immigrant Women, respectively. Results: The study found that adaptation to the host culture followed a downward linear trajectory, while maintenance of the mother's own heritage culture followed an upward linear trajectory from pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. All but one cross-lagged path between bi-dimensional acculturation and depressive symptoms was statistically insignificant, though almost all cross-sectional associations were significant. Adaptation to host culture was negatively associated with depressive symptoms at all time points. The association between maintenance of heritage culture and depressive symptoms reversed from positive to negative after 6 months postpartum. Conclusions: Adaptation to the host culture and maintenance of the mother's heritage culture differed in their associations with maternal depressive symptoms. Health professionals should assist immigrant mothers in adapting to the host culture while supporting their heritage culture in the childbearing period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There was a lack of detailed information about maternal influences on their children's body mass index (BMI) in Taiwan. The aim of this study was to find the evidence to describe how mothers' factors could affect their 2 to 9-year-old children's BMI, with data collected from May 2021 to June 2021. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were completed by 1035 participants from Taiwan's six metropolitan cities and eight counties. After controlling for children's factors, such as number of children in a family, children's constitution, children's age and gender, hierarchical regression models were used to analyze the effects of five maternal factors on their children's BMI: maternal BMI, age, education level, monthly household income, and marital status (single parent or not). The results were found as follow: maternal BMI [β =.24], maternal educational level [β = −.141], and monthly household income [β =.071], significantly (p < 0.05) influenced their children's BMI. Higher maternal BMI was associated with a higher children's BMI. Mothers with lower levels of education background were more likely to have children with a higher BMI. Monthly household income was a positive factor influencing children's BMI. In conclusion, this study is the first detailed description of maternal influences on their 2–9 years old children's BMI in Taiwan. Although the study could not cover all of the factors influencing Taiwan's childhood obesity, we have discovered maternal BMI, education level, and monthly household income were significant factors associated with children's BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the structural relationships linking job stress to leaving intentions through job satisfaction, depressed mood and stress adaptation among hospital nurses. Background: High turnover among nurses is a global concern. Structural relationships linking job stress to leaving intentions have not been thoroughly examined. Design: Two nationwide cross‐sectional surveys of full‐time hospital staff in 2011 and 2014. Methods: The study participants were 26,945 and 19,386 full‐time clinical nurses in 2011 and 2014 respectively. Structural equation modelling was used to examine the interrelationships among the study variables based on the hypothesized model. We used cross‐validation procedures to ensure the stability and validity of the model in the two samples. Results: There were five main paths from job stress to intention to leave the hospital. In addition to the direct path, job stress directly affected job satisfaction and depressed mood, which in turn affected intention to leave the hospital. Stress adaptation mitigated the effects of job stress on job satisfaction and depressed mood, which led to intention to leave the hospital. Intention to leave the hospital preceded intention to leave the profession. Those variables explained about 55% of the variance in intention to leave the profession in both years. Conclusion: The model fit was good for both samples, suggesting validity of the model. Strategies to decrease turnover intentions among nurses could focus on creating a less stressful work environment, increasing job satisfaction and stress adaptation and decreasing depressed mood. Hospitals should cooperate in this issue to decrease nurse turnover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome ( OSA) affects not only the children's physical health, but also their mental development, behavioral problems and learning difficulties. Therefore, an early diagnosis is important. However, the assessment tools of polysomnography are demanding. The Obstructive Sleep Apnea Questionnaire-18 ( OSA-18) is designed to screen OSA and has good reliability and validity. The goal of this study was to validate the Chinese version of the OSA-18, to analyze the frequency of symptoms and find the most common symptoms of OSA in Taiwanese children. Methods We validated the OSA-18 in an ethnic Chinese group and compared the treatment outcomes to show the sensitivity of the questionnaire. The caregivers completed the questionnaire twice at an interval of 4 weeks to test reliability. In the validation study, we included 88 OSA children. The OSA-18 and follow-up polysomnography were performed before and 6 months after adenotonsillectomy. Results Results showed the excellent test-retest reliability ( r = 0.84**) of the OSA-18. There was a statistically significant correlation between the OSA-18 and, respectively, the Apnea- Hypopnea Index ( r = 0.29*), and the Hypopnea Index ( r = 0.29*). Quality of life showed a significant correlation with the Apnea Index ( r = 0.43**), central apnea count ( r = 0.50***), and mixed apnea count ( r = 0.36*). The cut-off point of the OSA-18 total scores for detecting pediatric OSA in children aged 6-12 years was 66. The common symptoms of pediatric OSA were poor attention span, loud snoring, caregiver worried about child's health, difficulty awakening, and mouth breathing. Conclusions Our results show that the Chinese version of the OSA-18 is a reliable and valid instrument. The questionnaire also showed improvement in the quality of life of OSA children post-adenotonsillectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this cross-sectional study of 61 immigrant mothers and their 6- to 24-month-old children in Taiwan, we examined the structure of relationships among maternal depressive symptoms, quality of the child-rearing home environment, and child development using a partial least squares approach. Maternal depressive symptoms as measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale had a direct and negative effect on the quality of the home environment as measured by the IT-HOME, which in turn had a direct and positive effect on child development as measured by the Comprehensive Developmental Inventory for Infants and Toddlers. Maternal depressive symptoms did not directly affect child development, suggesting that the quality of the home environment mediated the relationship between maternal depressive symptoms and child development. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 36: 603-611, 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cohort study assessed the structural relationships among social support, acculturation, and postpartum depressive symptoms experienced by marriage-based immigrant mothers in Taiwan. Data were collected at 1 and 6 months postpartum from 203 immigrant mothers married to Taiwanese men in Taipei, Taiwan. The structural equation modeling results showed that social support and postpartum depression were directly and negatively related. Higher social support and lower depression at 1 month postpartum were related to a positive social attitude (i.e., accepting attitude toward mainstream society). Social attitude was a moderator of the relationship between depression at 1 month and social support at 6 months postpartum, where a positive social attitude decreased the negative effect of depression at 1 month on social support at 6 months. Social support in the early postpartum period not only directly decreased postpartum depression, but also indirectly decreased postpartum depression through improving social attitude. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scale measuring quality of life (QOL) is important in adolescent research. Using the graded response model (GRM), this study evaluates the psychometric properties of the satisfaction ratings of the Quality of Life Profile Adolescent Version (QOLPAV). Data for 1,392 adolescents were used to check IRT assumptions such as unidimensionality and local item dependence (LID). The goodness of fit of the GRM to the data and the item characteristic curves were evaluated. The reliability and validity analyses included item/test information, Cronbach's α, and convergent and discriminant validity. Differential item functioning (DIF) procedures were also performed to detect item bias. The results provide evidence that the items sufficiently measured one single dimension. Few pairs of questions were flagged as LID due to content or wording similarity. Five items did not fit the GRM, and 4 were low in item discrimination. The findings also suggest that the assessment had appropriate reliability and validity. The DIF impact on the assessment score was considered minor. Because QOLPAV includes a respondent's perceived importance of various life aspects, a short form that only considers important life aspects in the overall QOL estimation for each respondent becomes feasible within the framework of IRT. Future studies focusing on the development of a QOL overall index using the items from QOLPAV are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impacts of publicity exposure and recruiting advertisement sequence on freshmen's job search attraction to organizations and their job decisions. The current research uses a two-factor experiment design, publicity (positive vs. negative) and recruiting ads (detailed vs. general), and recruits 415 undergraduates (seniors are the majority). Results indicate that negative publicity has greater effect on applicant attraction than positive publicity. The perceived truthfulness of sequential intervening recruiting advertisement rules the reaction to job ad, then further impacts on organizational attractiveness and job pursuit intention. With negative publicity exposure, higher specificity of recruiting advertisement has more significant mitigation effects than lower specificity. This work discusses implications and directions for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Marsh's internal/external (I/E) frame of reference model depicts the relationship between achievement and self-concept in specific academic domains. Few efforts have been made to examine concurrent relationships among cognitive ability, achievement, and academic self-concept (ASC) within an I/E model framework. Aim. To simultaneously examine the influences of domain-specific cognitive ability and grades on domain self-concept in an extended I/E model, including the indirect effect of domain-specific cognitive ability on domain self-concept via grades. Sample. Tenth grade respondents (628 male, 452 female) to a national adolescent survey conducted in Taiwan. Method. Respondents completed surveys designed to measure maths and verbal aptitudes. Data on Maths and Chinese class grades and self-concepts were also collected. Results. Statistically significant and positive path coefficients were found between cognitive ability and self-concept in the same domain (direct effect) and between these two constructs via grades (indirect effect). The cross-domain effects of either ability or grades on ASC were negatively significant. Conclusions. Taiwanese 10th graders tend to evaluate their ASCs based on a mix of ability and achievement, with achievement as a mediator exceeding ability as a predictor. In addition, the cross-domain effects suggest that Taiwanese students are likely to view Maths and verbal abilities and achievements as distinctly different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

tsai m.-c., tsai y.-f., hwang f.-m. & liu c.-y. (2011) Effectiveness of a brief intervention for managing hazardous drinking problems of inpatients in Taiwan. Journal of Advanced Nursing 67(9), 2038-2046. Abstract Aims. This paper is a report of a randomized control trial undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of the Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use in Taiwanese inpatients with hazardous drinking patterns. Background. The Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use has been found to be as effective as medical and psychological treatments for individuals with alcohol use disorders in western countries. However, few studies have examined brief alcohol interventions for a Chinese population. Methods. Patients from the medical and surgical wards of a medical centre in northern Taiwan were enrolled if they had an Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score >8. Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group ( n = 47), which received the Brief Intervention, and the control group ( n = 48), which received no special psychosocial intervention except routine nursing care. Data were collected from February 2005 to March 2006 on hospitalized participants' demographic characteristics and alcohol use. Scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were re-assessed over the telephone 6 months later by a trained assistant blinded to the treatment group. Results. The experimental group had a significantly higher mean improved Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score and better outcomes in all three dimensions of the test than the control group. Conclusions. The Brief Intervention for Alcohol Use is recommended for use in clinical settings to help Taiwanese inpatients with hazardous drinking patterns to improve their drinking problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]