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The Seven-arm Octopus, Haliphron atlanticus, was observed holding a coronate medusa, Periphyllopsis braueri, by the remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) Dolphin-3K. The jellyfish was held by the aboral surface within the arms of the octopus. Although obscured at first, the lappets and tentacles of the jellyfish became exposed as the octopus turned toward the ROV. Based on recent reports, it appears that gelatinous prey species are important components of the diet of Haliphron. Furthermore, gelatinous prey may be generally underappreciated as a food source and important trophic link in open-ocean, deep-sea, pelagic food webs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During a series of submersible surveys of the Shiribeshi Seamount, northern Sea of Japan, by the remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) 'Dolphin 3K' and the human-occupied vehicle (HOV) 'Shinkai 2000' in July 2001, dense patches of golden skate eggs were observed. Given the lack of information for this species, an analysis was performed to estimate the abundance of the eggs and to ascertain if any patterns could be determined from the distribution of eggs on the sea-floor as recorded by the ROV and HOV video cameras. Eggs, including some with viable embryos, were found on only one of four ROV benthic transect surveys and one crewed submersible dive in the same location. The site where eggs were laid was relatively small and appeared to have been revisited through time. This work is part of an ongoing collaborative effort between East Stroudsburg University and the Marine Biodiversity Research Programme at the Japan Agency for Marine–Earth Science and Technology to characterize the midwater and benthic deep-sea faunas around Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern in situ survey technologies such as crewed submersibles, remotely-operated vehicles (ROVs), towed camera arrays, and visual/video plankton recorders (VPRs) were used to characterize the dominant anthomedusan species off the eastern seaboard of Japan. Notes on the taxonomy, distribution, behaviour and interspecies interactions are presented for the four observed species: Euphysa japonica, E. flammea, Calycopsis nematophora and Pandea rubra. A new generic definition for the genus Calycopsis is proposed. The possibility of run-on, cascading detrimental effects of oceanic acidification on midwater ecosystems was identified from observations made during the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The archaic, deep-sea cephalopod Vampyroteuthis infernalis occurs in dark, oxygen-poor waters below 600 m off Monterey Bay, California. Living specimens, collected gently with a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and quickly transported to a laboratory ashore, have revealed two hitherto undescribed means of bioluminescent expression for the species. In the first, light is produced by a new type of organ located at the tips of all eight arms. In the second, a viscous fluid containing microscopic luminous particles is released from the arm tips to form a glowing cloud around the animal. Both modes of light production are apparently linked to anti-predation strategies. Use of the tip-lights is readily educed by contact stimuli, while fluid expulsion has a much higher triggering threshold. Coelenterazine and luciferase are the chemical precursors of light production. This paper presents observations on the structure and operation of the arm-tip light organs, the character of the luminous cloud, and how the light they produce is incorporated into behavioral patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The behaviour of Loligo opalescens as observed by a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was analysed. Thirty-nine behavioural components were identified and classed into four categories: chromatic, postural, locomotory, and inking. The frequency with which components were expressed was correlated to whether or not an individual was schooling, shoaling, alone with the ROV, or in the presence of other species. Behaviours observed were compared to those reported for other Loligo species. Observations of schooling and feeding behaviour, and reactions to other species are included. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Analyzes the nature of social democracy in Germany. Consideration of social and occupational groupings in liberal and Catholic parties; Interest of scholars in parties and elections; Continuity in parliamentary tradition.

Presents information on a study which determined the importance of sodium intake to hypertension. Issues on drug therapy for hypertension; Populations with low blood pressure; Relation of sodium intake and hypertension.

Focuses on a study that investigated the rate and extent of return of renal function and its maintenance after initial input improvement and factors influencing renal recovery in patients with acute renal failure. Methods; Results; Discussion.

Discusses the pre-operative and postoperative single-injection clearances in donors and in recipients who underwent allogenic renal transplantation due to apparent terminal uremia. Trends in renal function; Methods used in determining renal function; Discussion of the comparative function in two donor-recipient pairs.

Presents studies designed to determine the pattern of changes of various renal functions in patients with cirrhosis, to specify their associations and to correlate them with clinical findings. Effect of presence of ascites; Demonstration of an impairment of renal hemodynamic function before the onset of azotemia by patients with resistant ascites and normal concentrations of blood urea.