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Background: COVID-19 has impacted on healthcare provision. Anecdotally, investigations for children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have been restricted, resulting in diagnosis with no histological confirmation and potential secondary morbidity. In this study, we detail practice across the UK to assess impact on services and document the impact of the pandemic.Methods: For the month of April 2020, 20 tertiary paediatric IBD centres were invited to contribute data detailing: (1) diagnosis/management of suspected new patients with IBD; (2) facilities available; (3) ongoing management of IBD; and (4) direct impact of COVID-19 on patients with IBD.Results: All centres contributed. Two centres retained routine endoscopy, with three unable to perform even urgent IBD endoscopy. 122 patients were diagnosed with IBD, and 53.3% (n=65) were presumed diagnoses and had not undergone endoscopy with histological confirmation. The most common induction was exclusive enteral nutrition (44.6%). No patients with a presumed rather than confirmed diagnosis were started on anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy.Most IBD follow-up appointments were able to occur using phone/webcam or face to face. No biologics/immunomodulators were stopped. All centres were able to continue IBD surgery if required, with 14 procedures occurring across seven centres.Conclusions: Diagnostic IBD practice has been hugely impacted by COVID-19, with >50% of new diagnoses not having endoscopy. To date, therapy and review of known paediatric patients with IBD has continued. Planning and resourcing for recovery is crucial to minimise continued secondary morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paediatric population, ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) is only licenced for use in children older than 14 years, and the data in younger children remains scarce. We retrospectively reviewed data of all paediatric patients less than 14 years old who had received FCM infusion from August 2011 to June 2015 at the John Radcliffe Hospital (Oxford University Hospitals), UK. The patient demographics, significant medical history, FCM dose, and blood investigations (pre-FCM and post-FCM) were reviewed. Of the 51 children, 41 had inflammatory bowel disease. There were 24 girls and 27 boys, aged 1 to 13 years, mean (SD) weight 28.4 (13.6) kg. Fifteen patients received at least one more course of FCM up to 35 months later. The time interval between pre-FCM and post-FCM investigations was 1 to 8 months. An improved, median (range) rise in blood indices following one FCM infusion was haemoglobin 2.7 (- 2.4 to 7) g/dL, serum iron 6.6 (- 0.6 to 21.1) μmol/L, and transferrin saturation 14 (- 14 to 38)%. No adverse outcomes were documented.Conclusions: FCM was effective in increasing the key blood indices with no adverse outcomes in children less than 14 years of age, with a range of different conditions, majority with gastrointestinal disorders such as IBD. What is Known: • Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) given via the intravenous (IV) route has been used widely in adults for the treatment of iron deficiency anaemia. • Sparse data exists on FCM use in paediatric population, including young children What is New: • FCM infusion should be considered as a means of iron administration in the paediatric population less than 14 years of age • No adverse outcomes were recorded following FCM in a young paediatric population (less than 14 years of age); the majority of whom had gastrointestinal disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the wake of the recent demolition of the 1965 Chelsea School of Art building on Manresa Road in London, this article seeks to explore the relationship between art school architecture and art school pedagogy. Research on art school buildings, both national and international, and British art school education of the 1960s, is brought to bear, on the former 'New School of Art in Chelsea' building. In addition to an account of how this building came about, drawn from archival records and interviews with architects and former Chelsea students and staff, the correlation of utopianist values in post-war British society, modernist architecture and higher education in art is examined. The reports of the National Advisory Council on Art Education (NACAE), which, in the 1960s, ushered in fundamental changes to British art education, are touched upon, and an account of the building design developed between art educationalists (including Chelsea Principal Lawrence Gowing and Chairman of the NACAE William Coldstream) and architects of the London County Council, is given. Photographs of the building, in the 1960s and during its demolition in 2010, are included. In addition to a historical account and casestudy, and despite the difficulties inherent, art school building is approached as an imaginative and socio-political gesture, as a utopian act; 'art school building' in both senses ('building' as a verb and as a noun). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies the psychological aspects surrounding the health problems faced by a teenage girl diagnosed to have anorexia nervosa in Europe. Events in the girl's life which led to the heightening of the eating disorder; Perception presented by the teenager on her body image; Recommendations presented for the improvement of the management of patients with the disorder.

A 12.5-year-old boy with Crohn's disease with abdominal pain had a raised amylase of 1835 IU/l with normal lipase levels. Ultrasound showed no evidence of inflammation of pancreas. The amylase to creatinine clearance ratio, was 0.8% (reference interval 2%-5%; >6% consistent with acute pancreatitis; <1.6% with macroamylasemia), suggesting he had raised serum amylase with a corresponding reduced clearance of amylase in his urine, positively supporting the diagnosis of macroamylasemia. Macroamylasemia has no clinical significance other than misdiagnosis as acute pancreatitis. Awareness of this condition is important and a positive diagnosis should always be made to avoid unnecessary changes in treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe monozygotic male twins who developed tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) almost 2 years apart. They presented with non-specific symptoms and were noted to have glycosuria and renal impairment. Both children have uveitis. One had biopsy-proven interstitial nephritis and the other had biochemical evidence of transient tubular dysfunction. While the renal parameters improved, they are still under treatment for uveitis. The occurrence of TINU in identical twins at an interval of just under 2 years supports a strong genetic element in the aetiology of this syndrome. We believe this is the first report of male twins with TINU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]