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The open science (OS) movement has the potential to fundamentally shape how researchers conduct research and distribute findings. However, the implications for research on lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex, and queer/questioning (LGBTIQ+) experiences present unique considerations. In this paper, included in the special issue on Reimagining LGBTIQ+ Research, we explore how the OS movement broadens access to and comprehension of LGBTIQ+ experiences while simultaneously imposing limitations on the representation of these identities and raising concerns about risks to LGBTIQ+ researchers and participants. Our research focuses on three facets of the OS movement. First, we examine practices related to open data, which advocates that data should be accessible to other researchers to analyze. Yet, providing access to such data challenges may compromise trust between the research team and study participants. Second, we examine practices related to open replicable research, particularly as it has the potential to both highlight and erase the experiences of groups within the LGBTIQ+ community. Finally, we consider how open access, making scholarly articles free to the public, may help educate a broader audience on the lived experiences of LGBTIQ+ people, but in regions where these identities remain heavily stigmatized and/or criminalized, access may be blocked or individuals could be penalized for retrieving this information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article addresses the complex issue of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data collection in workplaces, highlighting the intricate balance between fostering inclusion and mitigating potential harm and exclusion.1 This tension manifests uniquely across diverse cultural, legal, and organizational settings. We review existing literature, offer practical guidance for decision‐makers, and outline future research avenues. While SOGI data collection in workplaces can enhance diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives and elevate the visibility of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer (LGBTIQ+) employees, challenges include the risk of discrimination, privacy concerns, and linguistic complexities. To address these, researchers and practitioners must consider the purpose, language, and cultural context of data collection, involving LGBTIQ+ stakeholders, and conducting reconnaissance studies. Future research opportunities lie in understanding employee willingness to share SOGI data, motivations of human resource (HR) and DEI professionals, and the impact on organizational culture. Reimagining LGBTIQ+ research to ease the tension between inclusion and protection, we conclude that responsible SOGI data collection demands a nuanced approach that prioritizes inclusion and equity while addressing privacy concerns and potential harm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experimental study explored the use of online expressive writing interventions to cope with distress from heterosexist events among a sample of autistic-LBGQ + individuals. This study included an open writing condition and an emotion focused therapy guided writing condition. Over 89% of the participants indicated that the writing exercises were helpful in processing the event, with significant decreases for measures of depressive and trauma/stressor symptoms. A thematic analysis identified specific aspects of each condition that were helpful for participants in coping with heterosexist distress, such as the development of insight through the emotion-focused exercises. This low-demand exercise is promising as a solo exercise or as a therapy homework assignment, especially given the accessibility of this online intervention for autistic-LGBQ + people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of family rejection on transgender and non-binary Latinx individuals. Related to experiences of rejection, participants were asked about family dynamics and cultural aspects. Data from 12 interviews with Latinx non-binary and transgender adult children were analyzed through a critical-constructivist grounded theory method resulting in a hierarchy comprised of 4 clusters with one core category capturing diverse aspects of the experience of rejection. Deciding how to navigate one's family relationships after experiencing rejection brings forth a difficult decision to save one's life and preserve safety, while torn between expectations to adhere to traditional cultural and familial roles the family has followed to ensure survival. These clusters included: precursors to rejection setting the stage for conformity; ritualization of rejection solidifying otherness and increasing precarity; cultural maintenance of anti-trans rejection within families through reciprocal rejection; and children renegotiating familial expectations to prioritize safety. Two contributions to clinical work and research are offered: (1) rejection is conceptualized as a manifestation of cumulative trauma; (2) contextualizing cultural values within individual and familial environments is essential to understand and prevent family rejection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although bisexual individuals have higher rates of mental health concerns than their lesbian and gay counterparts, and higher rates of unsafe sex practices and substance use (Feinstein & Dyar, 2017; Gonzalez et al., 2017; Green & Feinstein, 2012), bisexual men, in particular, remain an under-researched population (Feinstein & Dyar, 2017; Schrimshaw et al., 2018). Such health disparities have been tied to internalized biphobia and masculinity concerns (Mackenzie, 2019; Schrimshaw et al., 2013). Further, bisexual men of color experience marginalization related to race and ethnicity as well as sexual orientation, which can negatively impact health (Arnold et al., 2017; Muñoz-Laboy et al., 2018). Utilizing Google Scholar, Pubmed and Psychinfo, 180 articles that included variations of the terms bisexual men (see methods for details) were identified from the past five years. Articles that did not meet inclusion criteria (e.g. were not focused exclusively on bisexual men, comprised of non-U.S. samples, or were non-empirical) were filtered out, resulting in 33 articles in the final sample. The final articles were qualitatively analyzed through a thematic analysis of the article's keywords. The 33 articles included in the final review included themes that largely fit into the framework of minority stress (Meyer, 2003) when interpreted thematically by the reviewers. The two main categories of the findings included sexual health and identity concerns for bisexual men. In the last five years, only fourteen articles were focused on aspects of experience outside of the scope of sexual health. Sexual health continues to be a primary focus of research with bisexual men. Bisexual men are more than their sexual health; it would be beneficial to know about a broad spectrum of their experiences, including resiliency in the face of stigma, relational and family dynamics, and navigation of work and other dimensions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explored the role of a lifetime history of gender-based violence, ambivalent sexism, and gynecological health worries in the development of reproductive and sexual symptoms among women in Kyrgyzstan. Non-pregnant women who were patients of gynecological clinics (N = 143) participated in the study. A positive relationship between the experience of any type of violence (physical, sexual, and emotional) and number of gynecological symptoms was found. Hostile sexism was found to be a predictor of the number of reported symptoms. The number of gynecological health worries was found to fully mediate the relationship between history of gender-based violence and number of gynecological symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined whether positive media representation of bi + attraction would relate to reduced internalized stigma for bi + participants. In the pilot phase, bi + participants (N = 12) assessed four music videos, ranking the degree to which they perpetuated positive or negative stereotypes about bi + identities. Survey responses indicated that Janelle Monáe's music video "Make Me Feel" was perceived to be the most positive representation, and Katy Perry's "I Kissed a Girl" was perceived to be the most negative representation. Next, in an online survey, participants (N = 96) were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Participants completed the Lesbian Gay Bisexual Internalized Stigma (LGBIS) measure, an instrument that assesses internalized stigma among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals, and an assessment of depression before and after watching one of two videos. Those who watched the Janelle Monáe video reported greater reduction in identity uncertainty than those who watched the Katy Perry video. Changes were not found for the negative identity and identity superiority subscales. Path analyses were then utilized to discern the relationship between depression and identity uncertainty. Controlling for depression, those with higher identity uncertainty reported a greater reduction in identity uncertainty posttest after watching the Janelle Monáe video. Results also indicated that those with higher depression tended to report higher identity uncertainty. When identity uncertainty was high, in combination with low rates of depression, participants reported greater change in identity uncertainty. Implications of media representation in reducing bi + identity uncertainty and minority stress were discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite increased access to parenting rights through legal marriage and adoption, U.S. gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer (GLBTQ) parents continue to experience varying levels of support for their families. This study explored protective strategies, or actions taken to meet one's safety needs when vulnerable, that GLBTQ parents pursue. This study included 454 GLBTQ parents from a national survey. Participants' open-ended responses about protective strategies were extracted from the survey and analyzed using content analysis. Responses were coded into 10 categories capturing strategies GLBTQ parents used to protect their families. While strategies utilizing legal supports were common, the most cited strategies were symbolic strategies, including creating a family name and developing written statements of parent wishes. Exploratory analyses revealed no difference in mean number of strategies used between parents who reported having legal status as a parent through adoption or listing on the birth certificate and those without legal parenting status. These results suggest that GLBTQ parents, regardless of their legal parenting status, take intentional measures to achieve a sense of safety and increase social support. The findings reiterate the importance of both legal and social support of GLBTQ parents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted 2 studies to determine whether the relationship between depressive symptomatology and college GPA is mediated by effort regulation and to understand how depressive symptomatology upon entry to college affects students' adjustment and academic achievement later in the first year of college. In Study 1, we found that the relationship between depressive symptomatology experienced in the first semester of college and first-year GPA was mediated by effort regulation. In Study 2, depressive symptomatology upon entry to college in the fall predicted increased depressive symptomatology in the spring semester, which, in turn, had a negative indirect effect on first-year GPA through effort regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) are the second largest group to be affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Latino cultural values may influence sexual behaviors that can result in HIV acquisition. This study explored the relations among traditionalmachismo, caballerismo, familismo, unprotected anal intercourse (UAI), and the appeal of sex without condoms (ASWC) among Latino gay men. Results indicated that higher levels of familial honor and traditionalmachismopredicted higher levels of ASWC. These findings suggest that exploration of gender roles and family are important factors to be included in HIV prevention and intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth (LGBY) report higher rates of mental health concerns compared to heterosexual youth due to minority stressors. This study examined the interpersonal and intrapersonal variables that predict psychological distress and self-reported suicide attempts in a sample of 61 LGBY in the Mid-South, which is a highly overlooked regional area for LGBY research. Youth who lost friends when coming out were 29 times more likely to report suicide attempts, and those who experienced psychological maltreatment from caregivers were 9.5 times more likely to report a suicide attempt. Internalized heterosexism, feelings of guilt or shame, and psychological maltreatment from caregivers were significant predictors of depression and anxiety symptoms. This study highlights the importance of creating affirming spaces for LGBY, particularly in areas of the country that experience greater political oppression of sexual minorities, such as the Mid-South. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minority stressors encountered by lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) women are inherently connected to contextual experiences. Although there is a growing body of research on the benefits of gaining political rights and the costs of their denial, little research has focused on the effects of access to LGB-affirmative resources. In the current study with 1,017 women in same-sex relationships, we created profiles using latent class analysis to characterize the contexts in which participants were raised and the contexts in which they lived at the time of the study. We examined differences in interpersonal relationships, internalized heterosexism (IH), and outness across these profiles. Class 1 (28%) included participants who always lived in affirmative contexts with LGB-supportive resources. Class 2 participants (28%) always lived in more heterosexist contexts with few resources. Class 3 participants (44%) originally lived in more heterosexist contexts with few resources but shifted to more affirmative contexts. Class 3 individuals had greater social support and lower IH than Class 2 participants. Classes 1 and 3 had greater outness than Class 2. This study provides evidence linking IH to the lack of contextual supports. Our data also suggest that the quality of relationships for LGB women may remain strong even in heterosexist contexts. Actions that increase affirming resources will provide avenues for more positive identity development and interpersonal relationships for LGB individuals. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/page/pwq/suppl/index . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between depressive symptomatology and college outcomes among African American students, as well as to determine whether these relationships were moderated by gender and type of university. Participants included 569 African American first-year students attending two public universities in the Southeast United States: a historically Black college/university (HBCU) and a predominantly White institution (PWI). Using a longitudinal study design, data were collected at three time points. Results indicated that, after adjusting for the effects of the control variables (gender, type of institution, high school GPA, participation in on-campus activities, institutional and goal commitments), depressive symptomatology present in the first semester of college was associated with increased likelihood of dropping out of college before the end of the second year of college. The relationship between these two variables was mediated by first-year cumulative GPA. Results also indicated that the hypothesized relationships did not vary as a function of gender and the university type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This qualitative study explored the experience of sexual minority stressors and corresponding resilience. Using a grounded theory approach, the core category identified in the analysis wasminority stress results from systemic factors that cause lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people to face competition between their desires for authenticity and self-determination. These findings shed light upon the insidious nature of minority stress, especially within U.S. contexts that lack protective legislation, and the adaptive strategies people use to mitigate their effects. By positioning resilience as a choice between authenticity and self-determination, resilience is understood to lessen but not resolve the deleterious impact of sexual minority stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bisexual people experience monosexism, the privileging of sexual attraction to one sex or gender, from heterosexual, gay, and lesbian communities. The current study of 745 bisexual-identified participants explored their experiences of monosexism with heterosexual family members, heterosexual friends, gay family members, and gay friends. Results indicated that bisexual individuals reported significantly more discrimination from the heterosexual community in comparison to the gay or lesbian community, although the effect size was small. Acceptance of bisexuality from family and acceptance of bisexuality from friends were negative predictors of antibisexual discrimination. Clinical and research implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Gay families are constructed support networks that gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals of color form, often in response to societal marginalization and rejection from biological families. Research on these family structures has been scarce, with little focus on the experience of African American gay family networks in the South. The current grounded theory qualitative study focused on the experiences of 10 African American male and transgender individuals between the ages of 18 and 29 from gay families in the Mid-South, and explored the ways these families addressed safe-sex issues and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk prevention. Results revealed that families can play a role in either increasing HIV risk (e.g., ignoring HIV issues, encouraging such unsafe behaviors as exchanging sex for money or drugs, stigmatizing HIV-positive people) or decreasing it (e.g., intensive, family-level prevention efforts at safe-sex practices and family support for HIV treatment adherence). The potential of these family networks for HIV prevention and adherence efforts is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Southern United States,gay familyis a term given to constructed social networks formed by mostly African American gay and transgender adolescents and adults in the face of marginalization and rejection from their biological families and religious communities. The current research initiates the study of these fictive kinship structures, in which older members assume parental roles to somewhat younger members. The current grounded theory qualitative study examined the experience of gay family members in the Mid-South region, with a focus on how these families are structured and serve to support their members. Results revealed that, overall, these networks used methods of coping consistent with African American cultural values to find acceptance and guidance and bolster resilience in the face of racism, heterosexism, and transphobia. Community norms tended to support and celebrate gender flexibility in family roles as well as creative gendered performances in family competitions. Methods of coping within gay families could result in unhealthy coping strategies (e.g., drug use) to withstand extreme social and economic stressors but also in a sense of personal growth, interpersonal responsibility, and both personal and community pride. The implications of these findings for minority stress theory and for gender theory are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study explored the experiences of family members of lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals (N= 198) following the 2006 November election in the United States. Family members in states that passed a constitutional amendment to restrict marriage recognition (PASS) reported greater exposure to negative media messages about LGB individuals and greater negative affect related to the amendments than family members living in non-PASS states. Family members in PASS states reported similar exposure to negative media and affect but less stress than LGB PASS individuals (N= 361). Analysis of responses to an open-ended question about feelings about marriage amendments revealed 6 themes, including concern for the safety and well-being of LGB family members and negative impact on family. Overall, findings suggest that family members may experience increased concern for LGB family members during policy initiatives aimed at LGB individuals. Social justice implications for family members are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents findings related to the silencing of battered women within Christian faith communities in Memphis, Tennessee, a large metropolitan area in the Mid-South region of the United States. Participants in this qualitative inquiry were 10 Christian identified women from diverse denominations and racial/ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds who had experienced intimate partner violence. Data were analyzed according to grounded theory method. Findings illuminate mechanisms through which Christian beliefs about the sanctity of marriage and partner and community pressure to present as model Christians serve to shame and silence battered women. Findings are discussed in relation to stages that participants negotiated as they sought to create abuse-free lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored the experiences of Uzbek women therapists and counselors working to end violence against women through their involvement in nongovernmental organizations. A content analysis was used, which elicited four themes: (a) participants' early interactions provided them with an awareness of gender injustices that led them into adult leadership roles with the support of family members; (b) motivation to work with nongovernmental organizations developed due to perceived barriers that impeded women's access to resources and personal freedoms; (c) participants struggled with how to create crisis centers without a grassroots foundation and with the limitations placed on them by the Uzbek government; and (d) the paradox of feminism: participants held views of Western feminism that both inspired and disturbed them, resulting in distance from feminist identities but general respect for its philosophies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study which explores the impact of a postcommunist society on Russian lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people. In this study, interviews of 10 LGBT people are analysed using a grounded theory method and clinical and research implications are discussed. Results of the study address the advantages and disadvantages of invisibility for LGBT Russians and the effects of globalization on the LGBT community.

The article discusses the social and emotional impact of the constitutional amendments that exclude same-sex couples from civil marriage in some states in the U.S. It examines how the ballot initiatives and debates have affected the lesbian, gay, and bisexual and transgender (LGBT) individuals on the negative message ruled by some states. It reveals that the LGBT groups that encountered negative messages are at risk for negative psychological effects.

Relationship attributions, how a spouse explains his or her partner's behavior were examined using a sample of cohabiting gay males (N = 175) in relationships of at least 6 months. The psychometric properties of the most commonly used attribution measure were investigated with this new population and found to be adequate through confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. Analyses from heterosexual married couples regarding the association between relationship satisfaction, attributions, and negative affectivity were replicated in this sample using structural equation modeling. The findings from the gay male sample differed from what has been found in previous research with heterosexual couples; neither relationship attributions of causality or responsibility were strongly linked to relationship satisfaction. Counseling implications and directions for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the role of faith, both religion and spirituality, on the sexual satisfaction of lesbian/queer and bisexual women (n = 318). A hierarchical regression was used to determine the potential influence of religion and spirituality above and beyond the variance explained by three background variables (i.e., age, sexual orientation, living with panner status). While religion did not significantly contribute to women's reports of sexual satisfaction, results indicated that both living with a partner and spirituality had a significant positive relationship with sexual satisfaction. In particular, two aspects of spirituality (spiritual freedom and connectedness) were strong predictors of sexual satisfaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study explored whether differences in the practice of monogamy or non-monogamy related to the relational health of men in long-term same-sex relationships. A total of 179 monogamous and non-monogamous gay partnered men from the U.S. and Canada were surveyed via the internal in order to examine demographic, sexual, and relational variables. The majority of the sample reported maintaining a monogamous relationship (73%). The results suggested that non-monogamous men were more out, reported a greater number of sexual partners, higher frequencies of past sexual contact with men, and lower levels of dyadic attachment than their monogamous counterparts. Conversely, tile monogamous and non-monogamous coupled men appeared similar in age and total number of past relationships, and did not appear to differ in their frequency of sex with their primary partners, nor in their stated relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, or attachment styles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A grounded theory model of feminist-activist identity development was constructed from semistructured interviews with volunteers of the first Women’s Rights Association (NANE) in Hungary. This article focuses on NANE volunteers’ feminist identity development, which emerged through interpersonal solidarity with Western women; the development of self-confidence and an assertive “voice” in their relationships; and an increased awareness of the violence and oppression against women. A grounded theory approach (Glaser & Strauss, 1967) was used to analyze the interviews. The core category, “Internalizing Western Feminist-Activism: Importing an External Culture to Revolutionize One’s Own,” describes volunteers’ conceptualization that their feminist-activist beliefs emerged from imported ideologies gained through exposure to Western ideas and the international women’s movement, which were then adapted to make changes in Hungary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper integrates the findings from three studies on religious methods to cope with or prevent intimate partner violence (IPV). These analyses examined religious coping methods from multiple perspectives. One study surveyed Christian women's experiencing of coping with IPV, another presented findings from interviews with Christian women IPV victims, and a third investigated faith leaders' beliefs about the occurrence of IPV and the methods they utilize to support victims in their congregations. Findings describe mechanisms that may underlie how intrinsic religion and negative religious coping influence distress. Results highlight responses of leaders that may cause unintentional harm to IPV victims. Suggestions for religious leaders are provided on how to best approach this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explored the impact of religion on Christian women's experiences of male perpetrated domestic violence. A review of the extant research relative to this issue revealed that little is known about the relationship between religion and experiences of domestic violence. Participants in the Memphis, Tennessee area were asked to describe the relationship between their religion or faith and their experiences of domestic violence. Interviews were audio-taped and transcribed. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed within a grounded theory methodological framework (Glaser & Strauss, 1967). Findings highlight the diverse and at times conflicting religious oriented coping strategies employed by Christian battered women to survive violence perpetrated by their spouse or intimate partner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on the relationships between religious coping methods, religious orientation, patriarchal religious beliefs, and psychological distress among 157 Christian women domestic violence victims who received counseling or shelter services in the southeast. Causal effects were estimated with ordinary least squares procedures using GEMINI, a FORTRAN program. Findings showed a significant negative effect of intrinsic religious orientation on psychological distress; significant positive effects of intrinsic and extrinsic religious orientation on positive religious coping methods; a significant positive effect of extrinsic religious orientation on negative religious coping methods; a significant positive effect of negative religious coping methods on psychological distress; and a significant positive indirect effect of extrinsic religious orientation on distress through negative religious coping. Implications for mental health professionals working with domestic violence victims are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study that examined the influence of gender expression on queer women's experiences of identity, social interaction and discrimination. Development of sexual orientation and gender expression; Affects of butch-femme identification; Importance of gender expression in romantic and social interaction; Limitations of the study.