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The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effects of a short-term adventure therapy program on the self-esteem and self-efficacy of individuals in treatment for substance use disorders. Adventure-based therapy intervention is an experiential approach, utilized by mental health clinicians, which can be used as a clinical tool to promote therapeutic change in participants. In this light, this pilot study investigated the effects of a 5-day adventure therapy program on the psychological resources of self-esteem and self-efficacy of drug addicts under recovery. Pre and post data were collected from 14 ex-drug addicts utilizing two self-report instruments: General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Self-Esteem Scale. The t-tests and the effect sizes indicated that there is a statistically significant increment in the self-esteem (p <.032, d =.73) and self-efficacy (p <.026, d =.93) of the participants, supporting, that adventure therapy interventions can work an alternative to or as a complementary therapeutic tool to use into traditional addiction recovery counseling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to record the views of Greek physical education teachers regarding the socio-moral development of pupils in physical education lesson Ninety-three physical education teachers (38 males and 55 females) completed a questionnaire. Questions were both open and closed type and assessed what moral and social development includes, to which targets priority should be given, and judged and characterized moral and social development. According to the results, the most important dimension of socio-moral development was the development of the pupils' respect for themselves and for others. The highest ranking of the goals is the development of the ability to solve arguments peacefully, and learning to cooperate and to accept individual differences. Finally, physical education teachers consider moral and social development to be very important and useful, but they believe that it is difficult to achieve, although they think it may possibly happen. The results revealed a need for education and further education for teachers on how to develop socio-moral characteristics in pupils through the physical education lesson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIMS: The aim of this study was to examine the applicability of a smoking prevention educational resource for secondary education students named ;I do not smoke, I exercise'. The main focus of this program was the promotion of exercise as an alternative behaviour to smoking. METHODS: The applicability of the intervention was assessed through questionnaires regarding: (a) attitudes towards smoking, (b) interest in information about smoking, and (c) knowledge about health consequences of smoking. Moreover, interviews were taken from the educators and the school principals. The questionnaires were completed from 210 students (101 boys and 109 girls) before the beginning, at the end of the program, and 12 months after the completion of the programme. One-way repeated measure ANOVA was performed to examine the differences between the pre-, post-, and the follow-up measures. RESULTS: Results showed that the program succeeded in changing the students' attitudes, but the follow-up measures, 12 months later, showed that attitudes towards smoking and interest in information were relapsed to the pre-intervention levels. The only effect that was sustained was that for knowledge. The interviews also revealed positive comments about the program implementation and pointed some shortcomings. CONCLUSIONS: The program needs some modifications in order to overcome its weaknesses, have more lasting effects and to improve its applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is dealing with a central problem of teaching physical education. The purpose of the paper is to examine students' motives for participation in physical education and the relation between students' intrinsic motivation and outcome expectancies in physical education. The analysis is carried out in four parts: Introduction, method, results, and conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]