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[Objectives] To establish a gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method based on multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode for the analysis of the major components in Cang-ai volatile oil (CAVO). [Methods] An ultrasensitive gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of three highly abundant components in rat plasma samples. Paeonol was used as an internal standard. A multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) model was employed for the quantification of the three major components of CAVO. [Results] The method demonstrated linearity over the range of 0.25 to 50 p,g/mL with a correlation coefficient (R2) greater than 0.999 8. The lower limit of quantification was 0.25 p,g/mL. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision were within 15%. Extraction recovery and matrix effect values ranged from 90.1% to 110.6% and 0.1% to 2.1%, respectively. [Conclusions] This method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of the three components in high-level CAVO plasma samples, providing a basis for subsequent studies of CAVO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the expansion of America's global influence in the early twentieth century, consuming American cold refreshments, such as Coca-Cola (Coke) and Hazelwood Ice Cream, became an urban fashion in Republican Shanghai during the 1930s and 1940s. Their American merchants, the Coca-Cola and Henningsen Companies, published advertisements depicting women consuming these American refreshments in Shanghai-based print media. Both companies used localized strategies to advertise their products to Chinese customers. Specifically, they used many fashion images of a modern way of life that was at once Sinicized and Americanized, with ads featuring healthy, free, dignified, and, at times, sexualized female models as their consumers. Focusing on these American refreshments' advertisements, this article argues that American capitalists presented a hybridized modernity to market their products in Republican Shanghai, the most Western-influenced Chinese cosmopolitan city; however, their advertising strategies varied to an extent because they used different business modes and coped with different levels of domestic competition in the Chinese market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To better evaluate the effects of Acremonium cellulase (AC) and previously screened heat-resistant Lactobacillus plantarum149 (LP149) on lignocellulose degradation, fermentation quality, and microbial community during ensiling in humid and hot areas, this study used a small-scale fermentation system to prepare hybrid elephant grass silage at 30 and 45°C, respectively. Compared to control and commercial inoculant Lactobacillus plantarum(LP), the addition of AC or strain LP149 decreased the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and cellulose and increased the contents of glucose, fructose, and sucrose during fermentation. Furthermore, AC and LP149 treatments altered the microbial communities' structure during ensiling. AC treatment provided more substrate for microbial fermentation, resulting in an increase in bacterial alpha diversity. LP149 treatment increased the Lactobacillus abundance and optimized the bacterial community compositions. In addition, AC and LP149 treatments had higher (P < 0.05) lactic acid and acetic acid contents and lower (P < 0.05) pH, butyric acid, and NH3-N levels compared to the control. These results indicated that AC and strain LP149 are promising silage additives that can promote lignocellulose degradation and improve the fermentation quality of hybrid elephant grass in humid and hot areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]