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Objective: To assess the association between levels of vitamin D and urinary incontinence (UI) in pregnancy. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Setting: Two university hospitals in Norway. Population: A total of 851 healthy, pregnant women >18 years in gestational weeks 18–22 with a singleton live fetus. Methods: Data on UI were collected from a questionnaire at inclusion and serum analysis of 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) was performed. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were applied to study associations between exposure and outcomes. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of self‐reported UI, stress (SUI) and urge (UUI) or mixed UI. Results: In total, 230/851 (27%) of the participants were vitamin D insufficient (25(OH)D <50 nmol/l) and 42% reported to have any UI. Women with 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l were more likely to report any UI (P = 0.03) and SUI (P < 0.01) compared with women with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/l. In a univariable logistic regression analysis, serum levels of 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l was associated with increased risk of any UI (odds ratio [OR] 1.5 with 95% CI 1.0–2.1), SUI only (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2–2.4), but not mixed UI or UUI only (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.5–1.5). In a multivariable logistic regression model, serum levels of 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l were associated with a higher risk of experiencing SUI only (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1–2.2). Conclusions: Serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/l was associated with increased risk of any UI, and SUI in particular. Low levels of vitamin D are associated with increased risk of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. Low levels of vitamin D are associated with increased risk of urinary incontinence in pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate whether a customised exercise programme influences pregnant women's psychological wellbeing and general health perception reflecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in late pregnancy.Design: A two-armed, two-centred randomised controlled trial.Setting: Trondheim and Stavanger University Hospitals, Norway.Population: A total of 855 healthy Caucasian pregnant women.Methods: The intervention group was offered a 12-week exercise programme between 20 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. One weekly group session was led by physiotherapists, in addition women were encouraged to follow a home exercise programme at least twice a week. The exercise programme followed standard recommendations and included both aerobic and strength training. The control group received regular antenatal care. Pretests and post-tests were performed at 18-22 and 32-36 weeks of pregnancy.Main Outcome Measures: In the original study primary outcome was gestational diabetes mellitus, but in this report the primary outcome is HRQoL. The questionnaire Psychological General Wellbeing Index (PGWBI) was used to assess psychological wellbeing and self-perceived general health before and after the intervention. PGWBI contains six subscales and it is also possible to summarise all items to a global score.Results: No association between antenatal exercise programme allocation and PGWBI (global score and subscales) was found. The study population was homogeneous and had high educational level.Conclusions: The results indicate that offering women an exercise programme during pregnancy does not seem to influence healthy pregnant women's psychological wellbeing and self-perceived general health. Further research is needed to investigate the effects of exercise in pregnancy on psychological wellbeing and self-perceived general health among women from different sociocultural subgroups.Tweetable Abstract: Exercise in pregnancy does not influence healthy pregnant women's health-related quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]