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To facilitate appropriate veterinary care for feline patients while protecting their mental health, practitioners have moved to premedicating cats with anxiolytics before transportation and examination. Premedication has most commonly involved off-label use of gabapentinoids and trazodone. However, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved formulation of pregabalin flavored oral solution was recently released. Clinical studies showed the Schedule V controlled substance to be efficacious for reducing acute feline fear during transportation and veterinary visits. Healthy cats exhibited minimal sedation and side effects. Compared with gabapentin, pregabalin is more potent, requires a smaller dose, and has a longer duration of action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug development for children presents unique challenges and is highly regulated. Novel approaches, such as the use of extrapolation to address, for example, the need to avoid unethical studies, whilst supporting robust evidence generation have been developed in support of benefit/risk considerations by regulatory authorities. This is only one step in the decision‐making process towards access, which in Europe also includes health technology assessment (HTA) bodies. Discussions related to evidentiary requirements in small populations using scientific evidence transfer have been identified as a priority action by European Medicines Agency/European Network for Health Technology Assessment 21 (EMA/EUnetHTA 21). We describe the outcome of this work and reflect on the discussions that had taken place on how to leverage prior knowledge through identifying and addressing uncertainties during life cycle management to support regulatory and HTA decision‐making. Using examples, we explore the range of applications for evidence generation and offer regulatory and HTA insights on key design considerations for producing better evidence, reflecting our shared ambition. Early interactions with all respective stakeholders, particularly between regulators and HTA bodies are key to optimise data generation and utility in children. In Europe, the HTA regulation will offer opportunities for collaborations, which are important for all development efforts. We collaboratively explored the unique specific challenges relating to paediatric drug development, ethically and in its ability to leverage prior knowledge, as exemplified using extrapolation. Learnings from these offer opportunities to further develop methodology on how to leverage uncertainties across a product's life cycle for small populations generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic models of sugar kelp (Saccharina latissima) growth are used to estimate the production potential of seaweed aquaculture in many regions around the world. These models do not currently account for the existence of S. latissima ecotypes that are adapted to regional environmental conditions, particularly temperature. We tested the hypothesis that recalibrating the temperature parameters of a dynamic energy budget model using literature data for S. latissima from regions with a similar climate to the region of interest would result in more accurate predictions than using a general species‐wide temperature response curve. Calibrating the model using data from warm regions significantly improved model accuracy for kelp cultivation at the southern end of the species range (Rhode Island, USA) in cases where the original parameters underestimated growth but resulted in drastic overestimates when heavy frond erosion occurred. In Trømso, Norway, a cold parameterization produced extremely accurate predictions: the model predicted a final frond length of 88.2 cm, compared with the observed length of 87.5 (±4.70) cm. Our results demonstrate that recalibrating temperature response curves allows one model to be applied to kelp aquaculture in different regions, an important step toward the prediction of S. latissima productivity over large areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A technique is presented that reduces the required memory of neural networks through improving weight storage. In contrast to traditional methods, which have an exponential memory overhead with the increase in network size, the proposed method stores only the number of connections between neurons. The proposed method is evaluated on feedforward networks and demonstrates memory saving capabilities of up to almost 80% while also being more efficient, especially with larger architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two most common ecomorphs of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera and Macrocystis integrifolia, exhibit almost no geographic overlap across their range in the temperate waters of North and South America, with few exceptions such as Stillwater Cove, CA, USA. However, in laboratory settings they are able to interbreed. The mechanism for the morphological variation is unknown, and whether these features are genetically fixed or malleable under different environmental conditions is unclear. Our study, for the first time, directly compared the growth, development, and morphological transformations of the two Macrocystis ecomorphs in a common garden experiment. We experimentally tested the influence of local environment on giant kelp morphology by rearing lab‐cultured embryonic sporophytes from spores released by M. pyrifera and M. integrifolia sporophylls collected from multiple individuals at Stillwater Cove, CA. The spores were cultured in three treatments: "pyrifera‐morph" only, "integrifolia‐morph" only, and mixed (50:50 "pyrifera‐morph":"integrifolia‐morph" spores). We outplanted the resultant embryonic sporophytes to concrete blocks installed at 7.5–9 m depth in the ocean and monitored the development of the sporophytes over 5 months. Our findings of distinct differences in morphology between the pyrifera‐treatment and integrifolia‐treatment individuals at multiple stages of development including reproductive adults indicates that the morphological differences between the two ecomorphs are genetically determined rather than environmentally induced. We found that primary stipe length and number of branches can be used as diagnostic traits for distinguishing the ecomorphs prior to the stage when adult sporophyte morphology can be definitively characterized. Additionally, no morphological hybrids were observed in the mixed‐treatment, and ultimately the mixed‐treatment individuals were more often categorized as "integrifolia‐morph"‐like than "pyrifera‐morph"‐like. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses marine pollution caused by debris entering the ocean through rivers. A physical and bubble barrier system has been developed to collect debris, but an effective identification and classification system for incoming vessels is needed. This study evaluates the effectiveness of deep learning models in identifying and classifying vessels in real time. The YOLO (You Only Look Once) v5 and v8 models are evaluated for vessel detection and classification. A dataset of 624 images representing 13 different types of vessels was created to train the models. The YOLOv8, featuring a new backbone network, outperformed the YOLOv5 model, achieving a high mean average precision (mAP@50) of 98.9% and an F1 score of 91.6%. However, YOLOv8's GPU consumption increased by 116% compared to YOLOv5. The advantage of the proposed method is evident in the precision–confidence curve (PCC), where the accuracy peaks at 1.00 and 0.937 confidence, and in the achieved frames per second (fps) value of 84.7. These findings have significant implications for the development and deployment of real-time marine pollution control technologies. This study demonstrates that YOLOv8, with its advanced backbone network, significantly improves vessel detection and classification performance over YOLOv5, albeit with higher GPU consumption. The high accuracy and efficiency of YOLOv8 make it a promising candidate for integration into marine pollution control systems, enabling real-time identification and monitoring of vessels. This advancement is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of debris collection systems and mitigating marine pollution, highlighting the potential for deep learning models to contribute to environmental preservation efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of four non-governmental open building datasets available at the European Union (EU) level, namely OpenStreetMap (OSM), EUBUCCO, Digital Building Stock Model (DBSM) and Microsoft's Global ML Building Footprints (MS). The objective is to perform a geometrical comparison and identify similarities and differences between them, across five EU countries (Belgium, Denmark, Greece, Malta and Sweden) and various degrees of urbanisation from rural to urban. This is done in a two-step process: first, by comparing the total number and the total areas of building polygons for each dataset and country; second, by intersecting the building polygons and calculating the fraction of the area of each dataset represented by the intersection. Results highlight the influence of urbanisation on the dataset coverage (with increasing completeness when moving from rural to urban areas) and the varying degrees of overlap between the datasets based on a number of factors, including: the amount and up-to-dateness of the input sources used to produce the dataset; the presence of an active OSM community (for OSM and the datasets based on OSM); and the accuracy of Machine Learning algorithms for MS. Based on these findings, we provide insights into the strengths and limitations of each dataset and some recommendations on their use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last fifteen years, ferroelectric (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) ultra-thin films based on fluorite-structured materials have drawn significant attention for a wide variety of applications requiring high integration density. AFE ZrO2, in particular, holds significant promise for nanosupercapacitors, owing to its potential for high energy storage density (ESD) and high efficiency (η). This work assesses the potential of high-performance Hf1−xZrxO2 thin films encapsulated by TiN electrodes that show linear dielectric (LD), FE, and AFE behavior. A wake-up effect is observed for AFE ZrO2, a phenomenon barely reported for pure zirconium oxide and AFE materials in general, correlated with the disappearance of the pinched hysteresis loop commonly observed for Zr-doped HfO2 thin films. ESD and η are compared for FE, AFE, and LD samples at the same electrical field (3.5 MV/cm). As expected, ESD is higher for the FE sample (95 J/cm3), but η is ridiculously small (≈55%) because of the opening of the FE hysteresis curve, inducing high loss. Conversely, LD samples exhibit the highest efficiency (nearly 100%), at the expense of a lower ESD. AFE ZrO2 thin film strikes a balance between FE and LD behavior, showing reduced losses compared to the FE sample but an ESD as high as 52 J/cm3 at 3.5 MV/cm. This value can be further increased up to 84 J/cm3 at a higher electrical field (4.0 MV/cm), with an η of 75%, among the highest values reported for fluorite-structured materials, offering promising perspectives for future optimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe hypothyroidism can affect a variety of organs and can develop atypical manifestations. Peripheral precocious puberty may be secondary to other endocrinological diseases, which must be taken into account in the differential diagnosis in order to avoid unnecessary additional tests. Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome is an infrequent manifestation characterized by severe hypothyroidism and incomplete precocious puberty. Diagnosis is made by clinical and complementary tests, and the main treatment goal is to achieve euthyroidism through hormone replacement. Prognosis is good once the treatment is established. The aim of this study is to review the available literature about Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome following the PRISMA statement, and to present the first clinical case published in Spain. We have included the articles published during the period from 1905 to week 40 of 2022. A total of 68 articles have been selected for study and analysis, within which there are 99 published clinical cases. Girls accounted for 92.1% of cases (median age at the diagnosis 8.5 years). Metrorrhagia was the most prevalent symptom, present in 80.5% of the girls. Abdominal ultrasound was performed in 93.3% of the girls and 97.8% of them had at least one ovarian cyst. All cases were treated with levothyroxine, responding satisfactorily after the first doses of treatment. To conclude, Van Wyk–Grumbach syndrome is characterized by severe hypothyroidism and incomplete precocious puberty, which is important to keep in mind in order to avoid complementary exams and unnecessary surgical interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of tripartite synapses has revolutionized the world of neuroscience and the way we understand how information is transmitted in the brain. Since its discovery, some research groups have incorporated into connectionist systems classically focused on the development of Artificial Neuron Networks (ANNs) as a single element, artificial astrocytes that try to optimize performance in problem solving.In this systematic review, we searched the ISI Web of Science for papers that focused on the development of such novel models and their comparison with classical ANNs. A total of 22 papers that satisfied the inclusion criteria were analyzed, showing three different ways of applying the neuromodulatory influence of artificial astrocytes on neural networks. Using Multilayer Perceptron Networks, Artificial Neuro-Glial Newtworks and Multilayer Perceptron with Self-Organizing Maps approaches, a detailed analysis of the incorporation of artificial astrocytic networks has been carried out, and the main differences between the different methods have been weighed up. Regardless of the type of inclusion performed, the greater the complexity of the problem to be solved, it has been observed that the influence of artificial astrocytes has improved the performance of classical ANNs, as occurs in the biological brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research is an inventory of six rock art sites and the state of their conservation in the Vides River basin in the Amazon region of Colombia. It also discusses the social and economic relationships that the local inhabitants have with these rock art sites. This paper draws theoretical and methodological support from the feminist, decolonial and heart-centred approaches in archaeology. Additionally, the research is complemented by the methodologies of the Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History (ICANH). Finally, a series of reflections are made on the potential of archaeological heritage to construct community social relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the history of North American archaeology points to a long engagement with tribal elders and scholars, these encounters largely consist of unequal, extractive relationships wherein Indigenous collaborators and Indigenous archaeologists have been treated more as objects of study and pity—what Bea Medicine refers to as "creatures"—rather than as equal research partners. As an Indigenous woman and a settler Chicanx woman, we reflect on the life journey and scholarship of Bea Medicine, a Lakota scholar‐activist and mentor to Indigenous anthropologists. Dr. Medicine's work has provided generations of Indigenous anthropologists with the means to participate in the discipline with their whole selves and, importantly, on their own terms. We argue that Medicine's contributions provide good medicine for the field in the form of concrete strategies for continuing to decolonize the discipline and for doing work that centers the direct needs and perspectives of Indigenous peoples. When read alongside Indigenous archaeologies' often overlooked grandmothers, mothers, and aunties, Medicine's work also highlights continuing disparities in archaeological practice, from our relationships with and to Indigenous nations to the relations we cultivate in the Academy as Black, Indigenous, and People of Color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera , exists as distinct morphological variants—or "ecomorphs"—in different populations, yet the mechanism for this variation is uncertain, and environmental drivers for either adaptive or plastic phenotypes have not been identified. The ecomorphs Macrocystis "pyrifera" and M. "integrifolia " are distributed throughout temperate waters of North and South America with almost no geographic overlap and exhibit an incongruous, non-mirrored, distribution across the equator. This study evaluates the degree of genetic divergence between M. "pyrifera" and M. "integrifolia" across 18 populations in Chile and California using whole-genome sequencing and single-nucleotide polymorphism markers. Our results based on a principal component analysis, admixture clustering by genetic similarity, and phylogenetic inference demonstrate that M. "pyrifera" and M. "integrifolia" are genetically distinguishable. Analyses reveal separation by Northern and Southern Hemispheres and between morphs within hemispheres, suggesting that the convergent "integrifolia" morphology arose separately in each hemisphere. This is the first study to use whole-genome sequencing to understand genetic divergence in giant kelp ecomorphs, identifying 83 potential genes under selection and providing novel insights about Macrocystis evolution that were not evident with previous genetic techniques. Future studies are needed to uncover the environmental forces driving local adaptation and presumed convergent evolution of these morphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of American Anthropologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Early identification of developmental delays and disabilities (DDs) is a key component of well-child visits. Recommendations for assessing children's development during these visits continue to evolve. For almost a century, developmental milestones have been used to identify children with atypical development. More recently, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) has supported the medical home model and clinical guidelines to improve early identification of DDs in pediatric primary care. AAP's guidelines include a multilayered, continuous, collaborative, and family-centered approach to early identification. However, continued research, collaboration, and innovation across systems of care is needed to improve early identification of DDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cities, Communities & Territories / Cidades, Comunidades e Territórios is the property of Instituto Universitario de Lisboa, DINAMIA-CET and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Comparable outcomes were published using a buccal mucosa graft (BMG) from the cheek and a lingual mucosa graft (LMG) from the sublingual area, for urethral augmentation or substitution. To date, no histological comparison between both grafts has been conducted. We histologically assessed BMG and LMG harvested during urethral surgeries, aiming to compare graft properties and vascular support. We conducted a prospective single cohort study, including oral mucosa urethroplasty patients. During surgery, graft dimensions and donor sites were collected, and a 0.5 × 0.5 cm sample was obtained from the prepared graft. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were sliced at 4 micrometres (µm) and hematoxylin-eosin stained. Using a telepathology tool, all slides were digitalized and measured from 10× to 40× magnification. In each graft, global and individual layers thicknesses were assessed, including vascular density and area. Descriptive and comparative (parametrical and non-parametrical) statistical analysis occurred. We collected 57 grafts during 33 urethroplasties, with 30 BMG and 22 LMG, finally, included. The mean age was 56.6 (SD 15.2) years, and the mean graft length was 5.8 (SD 1.7) cm and the width was 1.7 (SD 0.4) cm. The median graft thickness was 1598.9 (IQR 1200–2100) µm, the mean epithelium layer was 510.2 (SD 223.7) µm, the median submucosa was 654 (IQR 378–943) µm. the median muscular was 477.6 (IQR 286–772) µm, the median vascular area was 5% (IQR 5–10), and the median adipose tissue area was 5% (IQR 0–20). LMG were significantly longer and narrower than BMG. Total graft thickness was similar between LMG and BMG, but the epithelium and submucosa layers were significantly thinner in LMG. The muscular layer was significantly thicker in LMG. Vascular density and vascular areas were not significantly different between both types of grafts. LMG showed significantly less adipose tissue compared with BMG. Our findings show LMG and BMG for urethroplasty surgeries share the same thickness and blood supply, despite having significantly different graft sizes as well as mucosal and submucosal layers thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is now considered the first-line treatment for respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. We aimed to evaluate the rates of non-invasive ventilation failure rate in very preterm infants, as well as to identify its predictors and associated outcomes. We designed a single-center retrospective cohort study including infants ≤32 weeks gestational age and ≤1500 g. The NIV failure was defined as the need for intubation at <72 h of life. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 154 patients were included in the study, with a mean GA of 29.7 ± two weeks. The NIV failure rate was 16.2% (n = 25) and it was associated with lower bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)-free survival (OR 0.08; 95% CI 0.02–0.32) and higher incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage > II (OR 6.22; 95% CI 1.36–28.3). These infants were significantly smaller in GA and weight. Higher FiO2 during resuscitation (OR 1.14; 95% CI 1.06–1.22) and after surfactant administration (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.05–1.31) represented independent risk factors for NIV failure. In conclusion, NIV failure is frequent and it could be predicted by a higher oxygen requirement during resuscitation and a modest response to surfactant therapy. Importantly, this NIV failure is associated with worse clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of American Anthropologist is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Inclusion of historically underrepresented populations in biomedical research is critical for large precision medicine research initiatives. Among 13,721 Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) enrollees, we used multivariable-adjusted prevalence ratios to describe characteristics associated with participants' willingness to consent to different levels of biospecimen and genetic data analysis and sharing. At baseline (2008-2011), HCHS/SOL participants almost universally consented to the use of biospecimens and genetic data by study investigators and their collaborators (97.6%; 95%CI: 97.1, 98.0). Fewer consented to biospecimen and genetic data sharing with investigators not affiliated with the HCHS/SOL research team (81%, 95%CI: 80, 82) or any data sharing with commercial/for-profit entities (75%, 95%CI: 74, 76). Those refusing to share their data beyond the study investigators group were more often females, Spanish language-speakers and non-US born individuals. As expected, participants who were retained and reconsented at the six-year follow up visit tended to embrace broader data sharing, although this varied by group. Over time, Puerto Ricans and Dominicans were more likely to convert to broader data sharing than individuals of a Mexican background. Our analysis suggests that acculturation and immigration status of specific Hispanic/Latino communities may influence decisions about participation in genomic research projects and biobanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the process of integrating trauma-informed behavioral health practices into a pediatric primary care clinic serving low-income and minority families while facing barriers of financial, staffing, and time limitations common to many community healthcare clinics. By using an iterative approach to evaluate each step of the implementation process, the goal was to establish a feasible system in which primary care providers take the lead in addressing traumatic stress. This article describes (1) the process of implementing trauma-informed care into a pediatric primary care clinic, (2) the facilitators and challenges of implementation, and (3) the impact of this implementation process at patient, provider, and community levels. Given the importance of trauma-informed care, especially for families who lack access to quality care, the authors conceptualize this paper as a guide for others attempting to integrate best behavioral health practices into pediatric clinics while working with limited resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Endocrinología, Metabolismo y Nutrición is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Featured Application: The tool developed provides a quick consultation of which probiotics are suitable for a pathology. The study of the intestinal microbiota is one of the biggest challenges in the current clinical environment. In this context, probiotics have been a focus of interest to achieve the stability of the intestinal microbiota, due to probiotics' key role in its regulation. The development of an automated system that allows practitioners to easily search for the optimal probiotic is the main objective of this study. Although it is true that there have been previous attempts of applications with this purpose, only authorized probiotics available in the countries of origin, Canada and the USA, were included. This event was a limitation when looking for those endorsed in other countries such as Spain. Thus, a system has been developed from free and multiplatform technologies that allow its use without any cost, finding, in a simple way, those probiotics that would be ideal for each pathology, either from a browser or from a cell phone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the use of an evidence-based oxytocin protocol for management of the third stage of labor to decrease non-beneficial clinical variation and improve clinical outcomes.Design: This is a cohort study of pregnant patients delivering before implementation of an evidence-based oxytocin protocol compared to patients delivering after implementation of an evidence-based oxytocin protocol.Setting: A level III maternal care referral hospital with an average delivery volume of approximately 3000 deliveries.Participants: Pregnant patients delivering over a 60-month period from January 2013 to December 2017.Intervention: An evidence-based oxytocin protocol: 3 units of oxytocin administered over 3 minutes, with a second 3-unit bolus if inadequate tone, then oxytocin infusion at 18 units/hour × 1 hour and then 3.6 units/hour for 3 hours.Main Outcome Measures: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) rate (EBL ≥500 ml for vaginal and ≥1000 ml for cesarean).Results: Data from 14 603 deliveries were analyzed, 8408 pre-protocol and 6195 post-protocol. We demonstrated a significant decrease in PPH from 5.2% to 2.9% (P < 0.001) and a small but non-significant increase in the transfusion rate from 1.8% to 2.3% (P = 0.11).Conclusion: A standardized oxytocin infusion protocol in the third stage of labor resulted in a significant decrease in PPH for both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ketamine's effects on cerebral blood flow were measured over 24 h. • Blood flow in thalamus and visual cortex changed after ketamine. • Ketamine's antidepressant response associated with fronto-striatal change. • These promising pilot results require further study. Ketamine provides rapid antidepressant response in those struggling with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study measured acute changes in brain activity over 24 h after a single infusion of ketamine using arterial spin labeled (ASL) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with MDD. ASL is a novel technique that provides quantitative values to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF). A single sub-anesthetic dose (0.5 mg/kg) of ketamine was delivered intravenously. Treatment-refractory patients (n = 11) were assessed at: Baseline (pre-infusion), and approximately 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h post-infusion. Linear mixed-effects models detected changes in CBF with respect to treatment outcome, and results were corrected for false discovery rate (FDR). After ketamine infusion, increased CBF was observed in the thalamus, while decreased CBF was observed in lateral occipital cortex in all patients. Time-by-response interactions were noted in ventral basal ganglia and medial prefrontal cortex, where CBF change differed according to antidepressant response. Modest sample size is a limitation of this pilot study; strict statistical correction and visualization of single-subject data attempted to ameliorate this issue. In this pilot study, a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine was associated with acute neurofunctional changes that may be consistent with altered attention, specifically increased thalamus activity coupled with decreased cortical activity. By contrast, antidepressant response to ketamine was associated with changes in reward-system regions, specifically ventral basal ganglia and medial prefrontal cortex. Further work is needed to determine whether these results generalize to larger samples and/or serial ketamine infusions associated with longer-lasting clinical effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

3D printing services are an increasingly popular offering in many academic library makerspaces. However, failed prints, and simply the printing process itself, can generate substantial waste. Through a grant from a regional library consortium, the feasibility of recycling waste 3D plastic and reconstituting it into new 3D printing filament was explored and tested. Other 3D printing makerspaces on campus have asked about recycling waste filament or providing that material to the library to recycle. This paper will discuss the methodology, benefits, and challenges of recycling 3D printing filament in an effort to make 3D printing more sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-plane compressively strained α-Sn films have been theoretically predicted and experimentally proven to possess non-trivial electronic states of a 3D topological Dirac semimetal. The robustness of these states typically strongly depends on purity, homogeneity, and stability of the grown material itself. By developing a reliable fabrication process, we were able to grow pure strained α-Sn films on InSb(100), without heating the substrate during growth nor using any dopants. The α-Sn films were grown by molecular beam epitaxy, followed by experimental verification of the achieved chemical purity and structural properties of the film's surface. Local insight into the surface morphology was provided by scanning tunneling microscopy. We detected the existence of compressive strain using Mössbauer spectroscopy, and we observed a remarkable robustness of the grown samples against ambient conditions. The topological character of the samples was confirmed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, revealing the Dirac cone of the topological surface state. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy, moreover, allowed us to obtain an improved insight into the electronic structure of the 3D topological Dirac semimetal α-Sn above the Fermi level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural is the property of Sociedad Espanola para el Procesamiento del Lenguaje Natural and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the sustainability of an academic library 3D printing service. Originally intended to introduce students to an emerging technology, the 3D printing service at the University of Florida (UF) libraries expanded to support teaching, learning and research, allowing faculty, staff and students to engage in the maker movement. Design/methodology/approach: This paper analyzed usage data collected by the library's 3D printing service from April 2014 through March 2018. These data include the number of prints produced, amount of filament consumed, user academic demographics and whether it is for academic assignments, research or personal projects. Findings: The data show that the initial 3D printing service users were predominantly engineering students; however, over the four-year period, the service has built up a consistent and diverse user base and expanded the number and types of printers. With grants covering the purchase of the 3D printers and a modest charge for printing ($0.15 per gram of model weight), the 3D printing service has achieved a sustainable level. Originality/value: UF was one of the first academic libraries to offer 3D printing services and has collected four years of data to evaluate the sustainability of the service. These data demonstrate that the service is a valuable and sustainable asset, allowing students and researchers to visualize and innovate in such diverse fields as anthropology, archaeology, art, biology, chemistry and mathematics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advantages of innovation strategies that are based on collaboration with users have been demonstrated by several studies, which have highlighted emerging shifts from a user-centred approach (in which the user is a subject) to a participatory one (in which the user is a partner). The Living Lab methodology, which is a design research methodology aimed at co-creating innovation through the involvement of aware users in a real-life setting, can provide new perspectives in the passage from user-centred to participatory design. In this paper, answers received by 92 Living Labs belonging to the European Network of Living Labs are used to (i) investigate the strategies adopted by Living Labs to involve users in their innovation processes and (ii) analyse the relationships between strategies and achieved innovation performance outcomes. The user-centred strategy positively impacts all innovation performance outcomes (e.g., time, cost, quality and go to market), but only time performance shows a significant difference between non-adopters and adopters. Observing user behaviors, capturing user insights and receiving user feedback positively impact the efficiency of innovation projects and allow them to be concluded in a timely manner. The participatory strategy shows that adopters are characterised by a significantly higher percentage of projects that are able to reach the market by moving from the research stage to the innovation stage. Practices such as co-design, collaboration through digital platforms and development of experience prototypes allow for the achievement of better results in terms of quality and, consequently, marketability of the project outcome, but reduce the efficiency of the innovation project in terms of time and cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Research Data Science' is defined by Committee on Data of the International Council for Science Research Data Alliance (CODATA-RDA) as an ensemble of (a) Open Science principles and practices (FAIR) and research data management and curation skills, (b) the use of a range of data platforms and infrastructures, (c) large scale analysis, (d) statistics, (e) visualization and modeling techniques, (f) software development and annotation, and (g) more. Data management and the role of librarians must now include developing expertise and training with faculty, students, and staff on "research data science" directly and/or indirectly through collaborative library/faculty partnerships. To meet this need, librarians at the University of Florida have developed a new research support service called Academic Research Consulting & Services (ARCS) to assist faculty, students, and staff with their data management and research needs. The library-centered, campus-wide focused UF Data Management and Curation Working (DMCWG) and ARCS work in collaborative partnerships with the campus units such as the UF Informatics Institute, UF Data Carpentry Club (https://github.com/UF-Carpentry), and UF Data Science & Informatics (DSI) undergraduate student organization to provide support to pre- and post-grant research and teaching. This new role of librarians is to facilitate library/faculty collaborations and broker resources that contribute to the facilitation of promulgating 'research data science' skills at scale for their respective institutions. This paper will discuss the developing outreach activities, interdepartmental collaborations, some initial outcomes, and future goals of leveraging capacity, infrastructure, and resources to develop data management efforts across communities of practice within an institution's current organizational culture. One aim of this paper is to highlight the importance and significance of developing good library and faculty partnerships built on character, integrity, and humility as the cornerstones for the roles of librarians as collaborators in promoting socio-technical data management programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional oxides displaying phenomena such as 2D electron gas (2DEG) at oxide interfaces represent potential technological breakthroughs for post‐CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) electronics. Noninvasive techniques are required to study the surface chemistry and electronic structure underlying their often unique electrical properties. The sensitivity of photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) to local potential, chemistry, and electronic structure makes it an invaluable tool for probing the near surface region of microscopic regions and domains of functional materials. In particular, PEEM allows single shot acquisition of the 2D Fermi surface and full angular probing of the symmetry‐induced intensity modulations. We present results demonstrating a 2DEG at the surface of SrTiO3(001) at 140 K. The 2DEG is created by soft X‐ray irradiation and can be reversibly controlled by a combination of soft X‐rays and oxygen partial pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we document the displacement and resettlement of over 11,000 villagers who were removed from their homes and relocated in modern apartment blocks to make way for the construction of a new business district in the western suburbs of Shanghai. We examine the expectations and concerns of displaced residents before and after their relocation. Our findings showed that while the former villagers recognised the improvement in their physical surroundings, they were deeply concerned about their loss of rental income resulting from the demolition of their former homes, in which they housed unregistered migrants. They felt unfairly treated by government throughout the relocation process and saw themselves as being decanted into a new village-in-the-city. These results paint a much more unequivocal picture of resident dissatisfaction than is found in some other recent research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To evaluate whether a combination of isosorbide dinitrate spray and chitosan gel (10%) topically applied can have additive benefits for management of diabetic foot ulcers. Methods: In a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded clinical trial, 68 patients were divided into four groups: Group 1: treated with chitosan gel; Group 2: isosorbide dinitrate spray; Group 3: combination of isosorbide dinitrate spray and chitosan gel; Group 4: placebo. Results: Histological analyses showed a significant regeneration in all groups (p < 0.001). On the final assessment of the ulcer, using the combination was found a wound closure percentage of 71 ± 30, 70 ± 27 using isosorbide dinitrate, 58 ± 30 with chitosan and 50 ± 16 with placebo. The number of patients who achieved complete ulcer closure was six using the combination, four with isosorbide dinitrate, three with chitosan and one with placebo. The progression in the healing process of the ulcer showed marked inmunohistochemical differences of Von Willebrand Factor, desmin, vascular endothelial growth factor-A and α-smooth muscle actin in all groups (p < 0.001), but without notable differences between them. Conclusion: The combination was better than placebo to reduce the dimensions of the ulcer, accelerate healing and increase the number of patients who achieved complete closure of the ulcer, but the combination was not better than chitosan or isosorbide dinitrate used separately. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative archaeological research with indigenous communities, in addition to fostering culturally specific, community-centred research programmes, also encourages meaningful shifts in archaeological research on the ground. Field Methods in Indigenous Archaeology (FMIA), a community-based research partnership between the University of Washington and the Confederated Tribes of Grand Ronde, highlights these dual possibilities. The project seeks to strengthen the tribe’s capacity to care for cultural resources, to recover histories of survivance on the Grand Ronde Reservation, and to develop a low-impact, Grand Ronde archaeological methodology. These goals are realized through a summer field school, which joins comprehensive field instruction with overviews of tribal historic preservation and engagement with the Grand Ronde community. FMIA encapsulates the ethical imperative to work with, for, and by indigenous communities in archaeological research and the opportunities such work brings in transforming archaeological method, theory, and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Functional oxides and phenomena such as a 2D electron gas (2DEG) at oxide interfaces represent potential technological breakthroughs for post-CMOS electronics. Non-invasive techniques are required to study the surface chemistry and electronic structure, underlying their often unique electrical properties. The sensitivity of photoemission electron microscopy to chemistry and electronic structure makes it an invaluable tool for probing the near surface region of microscopic regions and domains of functional materials. We present results demonstrating a room temperature 2DEG at the (001)-SrTiO3 surface. The 2DEG is switched on by soft X-ray irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the widespread use of inhalational anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation in many studies of otariid pinnipeds, the effects and risks of anesthetic-induced respiratory depression on blood gas and pH regulation are unknown in these animals. During such anesthesia in California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus), blood gas and pH analyses of opportunistic blood samples revealed routine hypercarbia (highest PCO2 = 128 mm Hg [17.1 kPa]), but adequate arterial oxygenation ( PO2 > 100 mm Hg [13.3 kPa] on 100% inspiratory oxygen). Respiratory acidosis (lowest pH = 7.05) was limited by the increased buffering capacity of sea lion blood. A markedly widened alveolar-to-arterial PO2 difference was indicative of atelectasis and ventilation-perfusion mismatch in the lung secondary to hypoventilation during anesthesia. Despite the generally safe track record of this anesthetic regimen in the past, these findings demonstrate the value of high inspiratory O2 concentrations and the necessity of constant vigilance and caution. In order to avoid hypoxemia, we emphasize the importance of late extubation or at least maintenance of mask ventilation on O2 until anesthetic-induced respiratory depression is resolved. In this regard, whether for planned or emergency application, we also describe a simple, easily employed intubation technique with the Casper 'zalophoscope' for sea lions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]