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The article presents the results of the treatment of elderly and senile patients with complications of colon cancer, in the perioperative care of which a multidisciplinary approach is used. The peculiarity of patients of older age groups is caused by polymorbidity, the phenomenon of mutual burdening. This requires the use of a non-standard approach in the treatment of complicated colon cancer. A comparative analysis of the results of the treatment of 289 elderly and senile patients with complicated colon cancer with a traditional method and using a multidisciplinary approach is conducted. The patients are distributed into two groups (main and control). In addition to introducing the principles of a multidisciplinary approach, additional diagnostic methods for more specific determination of the type, severity of complications and functional operability are used in the main group. Taking into account the implementation of a multidisciplinary approach, the operations for patients of the main group are performed using endovideosurgical technologies. A more favorable course of the postoperative period with a decrease in post-surgical complications (from 44.9 to 27.8%) and mortality (from 8.9 to 5.3%) is noted in the group of patients, in which a multidisciplinary approach and modern methods of diagnostics and treatment are used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The passage of fast neutrons through the crystal structure of a textured diamond obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD diamond) is studied. Neutrons with an energy of 2.45 MeV from the DD reaction and with an average energy of about 2 MeV from the 252Cf isotope are used as neutron sources. The neutrons are detected by two independent methods: using proportional counters filled with 3Не and a paraterphenyl-based scintillation detector. The measurements show that the neutron-flux incident on the detector depends on the orientation of the target. In the case of isotropic samples containing diamond and carbon, such effects are not observed. A possible explanation for the effect is the channeling of deuterium ions and neutrons in channels of textured CVD diamond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetics of migration-accelerated energy transfer is studied in systems based on a massive crystal and a sample consisting of spherical nanoparticles up to and including four or five orders of magnitude of the kinetic expulsion depth for the case of donor excitation by a short (τ < τ) pulse under the action of a multipole mechanism of donor-donor and donor-acceptor energy transfer. The susceptibility of the chosen systems to the implementation of the 'jump' mechanism of excitation transfer in them is estimated. It is shown that the nonstationary mechanism of excitation transfer is implemented in the chosen systems based on a sample consisting of nanoparticles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been analytically shown that the kinetics of ultrafast migration-accelerated quenching of luminescence in nanoparticles for the case of the short-pulse-induced excitation of donors has a complex multistage character. This conclusion has been confirmed by Monte Carlo computer simulation. An order stage (exponential in time) has been observed at small times. However, in contrast to a bulk crystal, quenching in nanoparticles is exponential only to a depth determined by the average number of donors in nanoparticles. Then, differences in the quenching rates of excitations in individual nanoparticles lead to the onset of a disordered stage of ultrafast quenching, which satisfies a t time law for the S multipole interaction type. The quenching rate of excitations at the disordered stage depends on the average number of donors in nanoparticles. In this property, ultrafast quenching in nanoparticles qualitatively differs from that in a bulk crystal: the ultrafast quenching rate in the bulk crystal is independent of the donor subsystem parameters as a whole and the donor concentration in particular. The time of the transition between stages has been determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact analytical expression has been obtained for the kinetics of the donor-acceptor transfer of the energy and the quenching of optical excitations in spherical nanoparticles with luminescent impurities. A series of numerical experiments simulating the process have been performed using the Monte Carlo method for nanoparticles of various sizes and concentrations of acceptors. The analytical expression well describes the numerical simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comparative analysis of direct energy transfer kinetics from donors to acceptors (obtained by Monte Carlo simulation in case of donor excitation by short ( t pulse < τ D ) pulse) in a sample consisting of spherical nanoparticles with equal diameters and in a bulk crystal is performed. The influence of the finite size of nanoparticles on the process of direct (static) donor-acceptor quenching of optical excitation in nanoparticles with a crystalline structure is analytically studied. It is found that, in three-dimensional spherical nanoparticles, the quenching rates W and W found on an ordered stage of kinetics and quenching macroparameters γ and γ found on an disordered stage of kinetics for donors populating sites at the center ( A) and in the surface layer ( B) of nanoparticles differ by a factor of 2 (donors populating central sites A possess higher rates). An analytical expression describing disordered stage of kinetics of direct Nd3+ → OH− quenching in the sample consisting of spherical nanoparticles with equal diameters and the Y2O3 ( I , T ) crystal structure using just two energy transfer macroparameters γ and γ is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The May (1982) Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee noted the dynamic and effective functioning of the agro-industrial complex to be one of the decisive conditions for success in the economic and social development of Soviet society. Almost three-fourths of all state and cooperative retail trade is in agricultural products and commodities produced from them. The nation's Food Program, which was adopted by the plenum, embodies the target-oriented, integrated approach to the food problem. The task is to coordinate and integrate the work of agriculture and the branches of industry, transport, and trade that service agriculture and to subordinate all their activity to a common goal: the production of high-quality food and its delivery to the consumer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Planned pricing is a very important tool for implementing the CPSU's economic policy. Success in the implementation of measures to improve the economic mechanism and to bolster its impact on increasing the effectiveness of the economy of developed socialist society depends largely on the quality of pricing. Price planning-price setting in the stage preceding design and production-facilitates the most rational economic decisions, the proper distribution of resources among various spheres and branches of production, and production in a volume and mix corresponding to social needs articulated in five-year and long-range plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Marxist theory of labor value and the teaching on the dialectical relationship between the two aspects of a commodity use value and value are the theoretical basis of planned socialist price formation. It finds its expression in K. Marx's premise that the labor that is expended in socially useful form on the creation of products that actually satisfy a social need is socially necessary labor, i.e., labor that performs as the substance of value. The actual working time in Marx's words is "essentially the working time that society needs to produce a certain use value, i.e., to satisfy a certain need."1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The planned price formation system is a very important instrument in the economic policy of the CPSU. The improvement of the entire economic mechanism and the higher economic effectiveness of developed socialist society depend in large measure on the quality of price formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The planned pricing system is an important part of the economic mechanism for managing the socialist economy. The quality of pricing in large measure determines success in the implementation of measures to improve the economic mechanism and to strengthen its influence on increasing the effectiveness of the economy of developed socialist society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the pricing mechanism in agro-industrial complex for social and economic development in Soviet Union. Elements of prices in the economic mechanism; Qualitative change in agricultural production; Implementation of decrees for improving the pricing mechanism.

Discusses the importance of planned pricing as a tool for implementing the economic policy of Communist Party of Soviet Union and boosting the effectiveness of the economy. Importance of price planning in resource allocation, economic effectiveness and product quality; Role of planned pricing in meeting objectives of a socialist state; Prerequisites for improving planned price formation and other economic variables.

Discusses the theoretical and practical basis of planned price formation in the socialist economy of the Soviet Union. Emphasis on the intensification of social production and task of increasing the efficacy of the socialist economy; Improvement of the scientific substantiation of methods of determining economic effectiveness; Role of economic mechanism demand in the relationship between price and plan.

Focuses on the influence of a planned pricing system on the economic mechanism for managing the socialist economy. Role of pricing policy on the scientific and technological progress in the national economy of the Soviet Union; Problems faced by pricing agencies when establishing prices of products of the agricultural industry; Influence of change in incomes and prices on consumer demand.